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Reyes

The document discusses the major components of a computer system unit and their functions. It describes that the motherboard contains the CPU, memory, storage interfaces, ports, and expansion slots to connect additional boards. It controls peripheral devices like displays, keyboards, and disk drives. Other parts discussed include the hard drive to store operating systems and data, floppy disk drives formerly used for storage, optical disk drives to read/write CDs and DVDs, the power supply unit to convert power for components, computer fans for cooling, and various components located on the motherboard like the CPU, RAM, chipsets, BIOS, ports, and heatsinks.

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18 views

Reyes

The document discusses the major components of a computer system unit and their functions. It describes that the motherboard contains the CPU, memory, storage interfaces, ports, and expansion slots to connect additional boards. It controls peripheral devices like displays, keyboards, and disk drives. Other parts discussed include the hard drive to store operating systems and data, floppy disk drives formerly used for storage, optical disk drives to read/write CDs and DVDs, the power supply unit to convert power for components, computer fans for cooling, and various components located on the motherboard like the CPU, RAM, chipsets, BIOS, ports, and heatsinks.

Uploaded by

Mg Enopia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Group 5

Members:
Je-an Reyes
Iresh Bascon
Meljane Espejon
Bryan Tenegra
Dave Abuloc
Parts of system unit
and function
AS YOU MAY KNOW, THE MOTHERBOARD IS
ONE OF THE MAJOR PARTS OF THE COMPUTER
SYSTEM UNIT. THE MOTHERBOARD, SYSTEM
BOARD OR THE MAINBOARD IS THE MAIN
CIRCUIT BOARD OF A MICROCOMPUTER.
THE MOTHERBOARD CONTAINS THE
CONNECTORS FOR ATTACHING ADDITIONAL
BOARDS. TYPICALLY, THE MOTHERBOARD
CONTAINS THE CPU, BIOS, MEMORY, MASS
STORAGE INTERFACES, SERIAL AND PARALLEL
PORTS, AND EXPANSION SLOTS. IT ALSO
CONTAINS ALL THE CONTROLLERS REQUIRED
TO CONTROL STANDARD PERIPHERAL DEVICES,
SUCH AS THE DISPLAY SCREEN, KEYBOARD,
AND DISK DRIVE.
HARD DRIVE

This is a high capacity magnetic data


storage media with a volume (disk) this
is usually non-removable. Mostly it
holds the operating system, the
application programs, and user data.
Nowadays we have portable hard disk
drives that are used to store and transport
data.
Floppy Disk Drive

The floppy disk drive (FDD) is a disk drive that


can read and write to floppy disks. Floppy Disk
Drives were used in the early days of the
personal computer. They are obsolete nowadays.
Optical Disk Drive

Desktop computers come with a device


called the optical disk drive. This is a disc
drive designed to use laser light or
electromagnetic waves within or near the
visible light spectrum for reading or writing
data to or from optical discs (CDs and
DVDs). Modern drives can read and write
on various optical discs.
Power Supply Unit

The power supply unit (PSU) converts the


mains alternating current to different direct
currents voltages required by the computer
components. It supplies power to various
components within the system unit and above
all, to the attached peripherals.
Modern desktop computers use switched-mode
power supplies. This is a type of power supply
that makes use of a switching regulator to
convert electrical power efficiently.
Computer Fan

A fan is another component found


inside the computer system unit. Its
main work is cooling the
components. It is designed to draw
cooler air into the computer system
case and drive out the warm air. The
fan also moves cool air across the
heat sink of various components
such as the processor and chipsets.
PARTS OF THE
MOTHERBOARD
CPU (Central Processing Unit) chip
CPU is the electronic circuitry in a computer that
executes instructions that make up a program. It is
also known as a central processor or the main
processor. The CPU executes the basic logic,
arithmetic, controlling as well as input/output (I/O)
operations specified by the instructions in the desktop
programs
RAM (Random Access Memory) slots
RAM is a kind of computer memory that can be read and
written. It is mainly used to save data and machine code. A
RAM device permits data to be read or written in nearly the
same amount of time no matter where the data’s physical
location is in the memory. Compared to the direct-access
storage devices like hard drives, CD/DVD and magnetic
tapes, RAM media is much faster for data reading and
writing
.Southbridge/northbridge
They are the two chips in the core logic chipset
on the motherboard. Typically, the southbridge
implements the slower capabilities of the
motherboard in a northbridge/southbridge
chipset computer architecture
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
BIOS, also called system BIOS, PC BIOS or ROM
BIOS, is firmware that is used to perform hardware
initialization during the booting process; and to
provide runtime services for operating system and
programs. The BIOS firmware is the first software to
run when powered on; it is re-installed on a PC’s
system board
Parallel port
A parallel port is a kind of interface for attaching peripherals on desktops. The
name of this kind of port is derived from the way the data is sent. That is, the
parallel ports send multiple bits of data at the same time. Serial interfaces, on the
contrary, send bits one data at once. To achieve parallel data transfer, there are
multiple data lines in the parallel port cables. The parallel port cable is larger
than the cable of a contemporary serial port, which only has one data line
within.
Heat sink/heatsink (cooling system)
A heat sink is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the
heat generated by parts of motherboard into a fluid
medium like liquid or air. The fluid medium will
dissipate away from the device. Thus, the temperature of
the device is kept within a tolerable range. On the
motherboard, the heatsink is usually used to cool CPU,
GPU (graphics processing unit), chipsets and RAM
modules.
Power supply connector
A power supply provides the necessary electrical power
to let the computer to work. It takes standard 110-Volt
AC (Alternative Current) power to DC (Direct Current)
power of 12 Volt, 5 Volt, 3.3 Volt, etc.
I/O port
Input/output ports are the connections between the CPU
and peripheral devices on a motherboard. There are two
complementary methods to perform input and output
processes: memory-mapped I/O (MMIO) and port-
mapped I/O (PMIO). Alternatively, you can use
dedicated I/O processors, called channels on mainframe
computers, which execute their own instructions.

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