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Force & Motion - Forces

This document discusses forces and motion. It defines a force as a push or pull and explains that forces are measured in Newtons. It also explains that forces can change an object's motion by making a stationary object move or changing a moving object's speed or direction. Balanced and unbalanced forces are described along with contact forces like friction and non-contact forces such as gravity, electric forces, and magnetic forces. Newton's three laws of motion are summarized as inertia, relating force, mass and acceleration, and equal and opposite reaction.

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Jonel Rizo
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
40 views

Force & Motion - Forces

This document discusses forces and motion. It defines a force as a push or pull and explains that forces are measured in Newtons. It also explains that forces can change an object's motion by making a stationary object move or changing a moving object's speed or direction. Balanced and unbalanced forces are described along with contact forces like friction and non-contact forces such as gravity, electric forces, and magnetic forces. Newton's three laws of motion are summarized as inertia, relating force, mass and acceleration, and equal and opposite reaction.

Uploaded by

Jonel Rizo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 27

Force & Motion:

Force
CFKN: 5th Grade
Force
A force is a push or pull that acts on
an object.

Every force has its own strength and


magnitude.

This strength is measured in units


called Newtons (N).

2
BIG CONCEPT
Forces can change the way an object
moves.

Force can make a stationary object


begin to move.

When an object is already moving,


forces can change the object’s speed
and/or direction.

3
Balanced Forces
Equal forces that act on opposite sides of the Please Illustrate

same object are balanced forces.

Balanced forces cancel each other out and


cannot change the motion of the object.

The total of all forces acting on an object is


called net force. When the forces are
balanced, the net force is zero (Equilibrium).

4
Unbalanced Forces
Unbalanced forces occur when one of the Please Illustrate

forces acting on an object is greater than


another force.

The greater force will change the motion of


the object.

When forces are unbalanced the net force is


not equal to zero.

5
Contact Force
A force that requires two pieces of matter to touch, or
make contact, is called a contact force.

For Example: You exert a contact force when you push,


or pull, your friend’s scooter.

6
Friction 📌
Friction is a contact force and is opposite
of the direction of motion.

Friction is the force that results when


two materials rub against each other or
when their contact prevents sliding.

The amount of friction between two


objects may depend on their texture,
shape, speed, and weight.

7
Think About It?

Which surface has less friction? Please explain why.

8
Part 2:
Types of Friction
Texture
Texture is the feel, or consistency of a
surface or substance.

A rough surface, like carpet or grass,


produces more friction.

A smooth surface, like ice or a polished


floor, produces less friction.

10
📌
Texture
If a surface is creating too much friction
when making contact with another
surface, then you can use a “lubricant.”
📌
A lubricant is a substance used to
reduce friction between surfaces.

11
Types of Friction
There are 4 main types of friction.

● Static: No motion

● Sliding: Slides over a surface.

● Rolling: Rolls over a surface.

● Fluid: Only pertains to liquids &


gasses.

12
Friction (Cont.)
Air and water also create friction.

Air resistance, or “drag,” is a type of


friction that is present when particles of
air contact a surface (creates resistance).

Water creates resistance as well. For


example, water creates resistance or drag
for competition swimmers.

13
Please Illustrate & Label Diagrams

Water Resistance
(Drag) Air Resistance
(Drag)

14
Part 3:
Non-Contact
Forces
Non-Contact Forces
A force that acts at a distance is called a
non-contact force.

They work even if the object that is


pushing or pulling is not touching the
object being pushed or pulled.

Examples: Gravity, Electric Forces, and


Magnetic Forces

16
Gravity
The earth exerts a pulling force on every object.

This non-contact, pulling force, is called gravity.

The weight of an object is just the Earth’s pull


on that object.

Weight = mass times the acceleration gravity.

17
Electric Force
Electrical forces occur between objects that Please Illustrate
are electrically charged.

Similar to magnets, oppositely charged


objects are attracted to each other and move
(pull) towards each other.

Objects with the same charge repel each other


and tend to move away (push) from each
other.

18
Magnetic Force
Like electrical forces, magnetic forces are
forces that attract or repel one another.

Some magnetic metals include: iron, cobalt,


and nickel.

All magnets have two poles, a north and a


south pole. Magnetic force is greatest at a
magnet’s poles.

19
Magnetic Force (Cont.)
Please Illustrate
Oppositely charged poles are attracted to each
other and pull towards each other
(North will attract or pull towards a South).

Poles with the same charge repel each other


and tend to move or push away from each
other (North will repel a North, South will
repel a South).

20
Part 4:
Newton’s Laws
Newton’s First Law of Motion
The First Law of Motion is referred to
as the “Law of Inertia.”

“An object at rest stays at rest and an


object in motion stays in motion with
the same speed and in the same
direction unless acted upon by an
unbalanced force.”

22
23
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
The Second Law of Motion is referred to
as “The Big Equation.”

The second law states that “the greater


the mass of an object, the more force it
will take to accelerate the object.”

Force = Mass x Acceleration

24
Please Illustrate

Force = Mass Times Acceleration

F
Mass = Force Acceleration =
Divided by
Acceleration
M A Force Divided by
Mass

25
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
The third law states that “for every
action, there is an equal and opposite
reaction.”

This means that there are always two


forces that are the same.

26
Please Illustrate

Newton’s Third Law of Motion (Cont.)

For example: When you kick a soccer ball there is the force of your foot on the
ball, but there is also the same amount of force that the ball puts on your foot.
This force is in the exact opposite direction.

27

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