Ethernet Service

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 Structure of MSTP
There are three parts : SDH/EOS/Ethernet (or other characters, such as
ATM/SAN).
There also contains the knowledge of network topology.

MSTP/MSPP

ETH EOS SDH

MSTP Network
Topology

VCG
802.X
LCAS
RFC
GFP
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 Procedure of Ethernet Board

PHY Interface L2 Processor EOS-MAP

Pause LPT
E/O interface
Frame CRC Test Frame
Work mode : CAR
Speed/Duplex Encapsulation
Data Flow GFP/LAPS
CSMA/CD Process LCAS
L2 Switch
LPT function &VLAN VC

MPLS Mapping
Process

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 Working mode of the ETH port

Type O/E Standard Huawei Board

10/100M E 802.3u Y

100M O 802.3u Y

1000M O 802.3z Y

10GE O 802.3ae N

HalfDuplexMAC Data FullDuplexMAC

Indication Signal

Collision and
Detection Signal
Physical_Layer Physical_Layer
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 Frame structure of Ethernet

64--1518
≥12 7 1 ≥12

IFG Preamble SFD MAC Frame IFG

6 6 2 46--1500 4
herne_II DA SA Type/Length Data FCS

6 6 2 1 1 1 43--1497 4
hernet_802.3 DA SA Length DSAP SSAP CTL Data FCS

6 6 4 2 46--1500 4
LAN Frame DA SA 802.1Q Type Data FCS
16b 3b 1b 12b
TYPE PRI CFI VID
Note: All units are byte except
especial note. 1 byte=8bit. 0x8100

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 Type of ETH port

Access It can only access the normal MAC frame without VLAN.
UNI And the MAC frames be sent are no VLAN also.
User
network Tag It can only access and send the VLAN frame.
Interface
Hybrid It can access all normal MAC frame and VLAN frame.

MPLS(oE) It can only access the MPLS data. oE means that MPLS
NNI frame have been encapsulated by Ethernet.
Network
Node QinQ (VMAN) It can access the frame which has two VLAN fields. It
Interface
can also connect with Tag/Hybrid port. And now, It
processes the outside VLAN filed only. 6

PPP(POS) The data of the port has been encapsulated by PPP.

 MSTP Ethernet Service Type

ITU-T(G.8011) IETF MEF

EPL
VPWS
E-Line
(Virtual Private Wire Service )
EVPL

EPLAN
VPLS
E-LAN
(Virtual Private Lan Segment)
EVPLAN

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 ITU-T （ G.8011 ）

EPL ： Ethernet Private Line

No share. No L2 switch. Port to port service.
EVPL ： Ethernet Virtual Private Line
Share. No L2 switch. Port to port service or port to multi-port service.

 EPL
 EVPL
FE
Group user

Group User 传输网络

FE

FE

Group User

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 ITU-T （ G.8011 ）

EPLAN ： Ethernet Private Lan

No share. Support L2 switch. Multi-node to multi-node.
EVPLAN ： Ethernet Virtual Private Lan
Share use MPLS. Support L2 switch. Multi-node to multi-node.

 EPLAN  EVPLAN
FE
Group User
FE Group User

OTN Group User OTN

FE FE
FE
FE
Group User

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 IETF--L2VPN

VPWS ： Virtual Private Wire Service

Support L2 port to port VPN service via IP/MPLS network.
Access Access
Circuit PSN Path Circuit

CE1 + Virtual Line CE2

P
PE1 PE2

CE3 CE4

There are three equipments: P and PE and CE. P is the core equipment of
network. PE accesses the mapping service. User’s data are accessed by
equipment of CE.

Notes: MPLS or Stackable VLAN is used to support VPWS in OTN.

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 The Procedure of Data

SONET MUX/DEMUX
Phy L2
EOS
Interface Processor

① MAC ② ③ ④ SONET/
SDH/
OTN

Point Frame Structure Change

① <IFG><Preamble><SFD><DA><SA><TYPE><Data><PAD><CRC> No

② <DA><SA><TYPE><Data><PAD><CRC> Del IFG 、 Preamble 、 SFD

③ <DA><SA><VLAN><TYPE><Data><PAD><CRC> Add VLAN segment,4 bytes

④ <GFP Core Header><GFP Payload Add EOS encapsulation segment

Header><DA><SA><VLAN><TYPE><Data><PAD><CRC><GFP CRC>
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 Standardization (I)

ITU-T
G.707/Y.1322 Network Node Interface for SDH
 standardization of Virtual Concatenation for high-order and low-order
 definition of the H4 (for high-order path) and the K4 byte (for low order path) structure

G.7041/Y.1303 Generic Frame Procedure

 standardization of rate adaptation mechanism for different protocols e.g. Ethernet, Fibre
Channel, IP, etc.
 standardization of two GFP modes e.g. transparent and frame-mapped GFP

G.7042/Y.1305 LCAS for Virtually Concatenated Signals

• standardization of dynamic bandwidth adaptation
• Definition of hitless adding/removing of Virtual Containers

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 Standardization (II)

X.86 Ethernet over LAPS

 describes the Ethernet mapping into SDH frames
 analogy to HDLC/PPP framing

X.85 IP over SDH using LAPS

 describes the IP mapping into SDH frames
 analogy to HDLC/PPP framing

IEEE
Ethernet: 802.x
 standardization of various Ethernet types
 definition of interface specifications

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 Abbreviations
MAN: Metropolitan Area Network
CC: Continuous Concatenation MFI: Multi Frame Indicator
cHEC: Core Header Error Check MSOH: Multiplexer Section Overhead
CRC: Cyclic Redundancy Check NE: Network Element
EOF: End of Frame OTN: Optical transport Network
EoS: Ethernet over SONET OSI: Open System Interconnect
ESCON: Enterprise Systems Connection PDU: Protocol Data Unit
FCS: Frame Check Sequence PLI: PDU Length Indicator
FD: Full Duplex PoS: Packet over SDH/Sonet
FICON: Fibre Connection PPP: Point-to-Point Protocol
GFP: Generic Frame Procedure RSOH: Repeater Section Overhead
GFP-F: Frame mapped GFP SAN: Storage Area Networks
GFP-T: Transparent GFP
GMPLS: Generalized Mulitprotocol Label SDH: Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
Switching TCP: Transport Control Protocol
IP: Internet Protocol TDM: Time Division Multiplexing
LAN: Local Area Network VC: Virtual Concatenation
LAPS: Link Access Procedure SDH VC-xc: Virtual Container
LCAS: Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme VCG: Virtual Container Group 14
MAC: Media Access Control WAN: Wide Area Network
 Ethernet vs. SDH

Ethernet SDH

Redes Locales Redes de Transmisión

Asíncrono Síncrono

Banda Dinámica Banda Fija

No Orientado a Conexión Orientado a Conexión

Servicio “Best Effort” Servicio de Alta Calidad

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 Evolución del estándar Ethernet IEEE 802.3
(802.3u, 802.3z, 802.3ae)
Variantes Especificación del Cable Distancia Duplex
Ethernet
10BaseT Class C, 2 x UTP, 16 MHz 100 m HD/FD
Fast Ethernet
100BaseTX Class D, 2 x UTP, 100 MHz 100 m HD/FD
100BaseT4 Class D, 4 x UTP, 100 MHz 100 m HD
100BaseFX 2 x 62.5/50 mm, MMF, 1310 nm 400 m HD
2 km FD
Gigabit Ethernet
1000BaseT Class D, 4 x UTP, 100 MHz 100 m HD
1000BaseCX STP 150 ohm 25 m HD
1000BaseSX 50 mm, MMF, 850 nm 550 m FD
62.5 mm, MMF, 850 nm 260 m FD
1000BaseLX 50 mm, MMF, 1310 nm 550 m FD
62.5 mm, MMF, 1310 nm 440 m FD
9 mm, SMF, 1310 nm 3 km FD

UTP: Unshielded Twisted Pair HD: Half Duplex

STP: Shielded Twisted Pair FD: Full Duplex
SMF: Single Mode Fiber SX: Short Wave
MMF: Multimode Fiber LX: Long Wave
CX: Copper 16
 Paquete Ethernet IEEE 802.3

Preámbulo Dirección Dirección Long/ Datos (Payload) FCS

Destino Origen Tipo

8 bytes 6 bytes 6 bytes 2 bytes 46 - 1500 bytes 4 bytes

Preámbulo/SFD: Campo que permite al receptor, sincronizarse con el flujo de transmisión

entrante y la localización del inicio del paquete Ethernet
Dirección Destino: MAC-Address del elemento de red donde el paquete está siendo
encaminado
Dirección Origen: MAC-Address del elemento de red que está originando el paquete

Long/Tipo: Longitud del paquete. Para paquetes tipo DIX, del protocolo de nivel 3,
representa la longitud del campo de datos (Payload)
Datos (Payload): Campo que contiene información útil del cliente (todos los otros campos son
considerados parte de la cabecera)
FCS: Frame Check Sequence. El valor es calculado en el elemento de red origen y
insertado en el paquete. El elemento de red receptor realiza el mismo cálculo
y compara su FCS con el FCS recibido en el paquete. Switches Ethernet
descartarán los paquetes que tuvieran errores de FCS.

MAC = Media Access Control

DIX = Digital Intel Xerox (Ethernet Type II)
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 Paquete Ethernet IEEE 802.3

Preámbulo Dirección Dirección VLAN (protocolo ID, Long/ Datos (Payload) FCS
Destino Origen prioridad, VLAN ID) Tipo

8 bytes 6 bytes 6 bytes 4 bytes 2 bytes 46 - 1500 bytes 4 bytes

VLAN: 802.1Q (1998)- Virtual LAN. Paquetes con el campo de VLAN

(VLAN tagged frames) contiene un campo para identificación de
protocolo, prioridad y identificación de VLAN (4096 IDs). Para
Ethernet, la identificación del protocolo es 81-00 hej.

TPID TCI TPID= Tag Protocol IDentifier

TCI = Tag Control Information
2 bytes 2 bytes

UP CFI VID

3 bits 1 bit 12 bits

UP = User Priority (8 niveles, 0 es la menor prioridad)

CFI= Canonical Format Identifier
VID= VLAN IDentifier (máximo 212-1 VLANs = 4096 IDs)
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Formato de trama VLAN

DA SA Type Data CRC

Standard Ethernet Frame

DA SA tag Type Data CRC

TCI

TPID Priority CFI VLAN ID

Ethernet Frame with IEEE802.IQ Flag

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Access Link and Trunk Link

Trunk Link

Access Link

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Frame Changes in Network Communication

Ethernet frame
VLAN 2 with VLAN tag 1 VLAN 1

Ethernet frame
without VLAN flag
Ethernet frame
with VLAN tag 2

VLAN 1 VLAN 2

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 Trunk and VLAN

VLAN 1 Trunk Link

VLAN 5
Broadcast

VLAN 2 VLAN 1 VLAN 3 VLAN 2 VLAN 1 VLAN 5 VLAN 5 VLAN 2

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 Occurrence of Path Loops

Site A
1
LAN 1

1 1 1
B1 B2 B3

3 2 3 2 3 2

LAN 2

Site B
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 Why we need spanning tree protocol?
LAN D

ROOT
LAN A LAN B
LAN E

LAN C

 Remove path loops that might exist in the bridging network by disconnecting redundant
links
 Activate redundant backup links to restore network connection when the current active path
fails

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 Ethernet over SDH (EoS)

Consiste en el mapeado de Ethernet sobre un

Container Virtual (VC-n) de SDH

Ethernet
Ethernet
SDH Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet STM-n Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet

100Mbps 100Mbps
VC-4
LOCAL A VC-4 LOCAL B
VC-n

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Opciones de Mapeado

Ethernet over GFP (ITU-T G.7041)

GFP Frame

Ethernet Frame

No necesita “Byte de relleno”

Ethernet sobre GFP
SDH
- Cabecera de transporte determinística
- No interfiere en la gestión de QoS/Ancho de Banda
- Formatación simple y eficiente para altas
velocidades
- Puede ser usado con SDH y Vcat, OTN, etc.
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Ethernet over GFP (EoS) ITU-T G.7041

La red SDH actúa como red de transporte

transparente al flujo Ethernet, que es mapeado en
GFP (Generic Frame Procedure).
Puede ser implantado en las redes SDH
tradicionales ya existentes. En este caso solamente
los elementos de red terminadores son modificados.
Posibilidad de Concatenación Virtual para la
formación de estructuras adecuadas al transporte de
cada aplicación (Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, GbE, etc).
Uso de LCAS (Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme)
para ajuste dinámico de la banda sin interrupción del
servicio

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