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Eapp Footnotes and Endnotes

Footnotes and endnotes are citation methods used to reference sources within a document. Footnotes appear at the bottom of the same page as the reference, while endnotes are placed at the end of the entire document. Both contain brief notes that correspond to superscript numbers or symbols in the main text. They provide additional information, explanations, or citations. Footnotes are typically used for sources directly relevant to the text on that page, while endnotes collect references from all pages in one place without cluttering individual pages. Different citation styles like APA, MLA, and Chicago have specific formatting guidelines for using footnotes and endnotes.

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23 views

Eapp Footnotes and Endnotes

Footnotes and endnotes are citation methods used to reference sources within a document. Footnotes appear at the bottom of the same page as the reference, while endnotes are placed at the end of the entire document. Both contain brief notes that correspond to superscript numbers or symbols in the main text. They provide additional information, explanations, or citations. Footnotes are typically used for sources directly relevant to the text on that page, while endnotes collect references from all pages in one place without cluttering individual pages. Different citation styles like APA, MLA, and Chicago have specific formatting guidelines for using footnotes and endnotes.

Uploaded by

hazel muñasque
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FOOTNOTES AND ENDNOTES :

THE OTHER FORMS OF


CITATION
This is an example of
footnotes for a text.
Where are footnotes
usually found?

ENGAG EXPLOR EVALUAT


EXPLAIN EXTEND 2
FOOTNOTES
-are brief notations, usually marked by numbers or
symbols in the main text, that provide additional
information, explanations, or citations at the bottom of
the same page in a document or publication.
FOOTNOTES
• Location: Footnotes are placed at the bottom of the page where
the corresponding reference or additional information is needed.
• Format: The citation or supplementary information appears at the
bottom of the same page as a small number or symbol (such as *,
†, 1, 2, etc.) in the main text, and the corresponding note is placed
at the bottom of the page.
• Purpose: Footnotes are often used for citation purposes,
explanations, or comments that are directly related to specific
parts of the text on the same page.
Example of Footnotes
Main Text:
The Industrial Revolution had a profound impact on society, transforming
economies and leading to significant social changes. 1 This period, marked by
technological advancements and the rise of factories, saw the emergence of a new
class of industrial workers.2

1. Robert E. Lucas Jr., The Industrial Revolution: A Historical Perspective (New


York: Oxford University Press, 2010), 45.
2. For a detailed analysis of the social effects of the Industrial Revolution, see
Harold D. Thompson, The Making of the Modern Worker: Class and Community
in Industrializing Chicago (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006), 78-92.
ENDNOTES
-are references or explanations located at the end of a document,
chapter, or book rather than at the bottom of individual pages.
Like footnotes, endnotes provide additional information, citations,
or commentary, but they are grouped together at the end of the text
rather than appearing on the same page as the corresponding
content in the main text. Endnotes are typically numbered or
marked in the main text, and readers can find the corresponding
notes at the end of the document.
ENDNOTES
• Location: Endnotes are placed at the end of the document, after
the main text and before any appendices or bibliography.
• Format: In the main text, a number or symbol is used to indicate
that there is a corresponding note. However, the note itself is
located at the end of the document, rather than at the bottom of the
page.
• Purpose: Endnotes are typically used for additional information,
comments, or citations that are not closely tied to specific parts of
the text. They provide a centralized location for readers to find
more information without cluttering the bottom of each page.
Example of Endnotes
Main Text:
The Renaissance was a period of cultural and artistic revival in Europe,
characterized by a renewed interest in classical learning and the
humanities.[1] The works of artists such as Leonardo da Vinci,
Michelangelo, and Raphael exemplified the spirit of this era.[2]
Endnotes:
[1] John H. Plumb, The Italian Renaissance (London: Thames and
Hudson, 2001), 32.
[2] Kenneth Clark, Civilization: A Personal View (New York: Harper &
Row, 1969), 145-147.
FOOTNOTES AND ENDNOTES
IN APA CITATION STYLE
FORMAT
A number should be formatted in superscript after the text that requires additional
information

CONTENT
Footnotes for the content should provide supplemental material for the readers. It
should be short, and the information included should strengthen the discussion of
the paper. Content notes can also reference additional references found online for
the reader.

COPYRIGHT
If the paper has directly quoted more than 500 words from the reference, there is a
need to seek permission to use the said reference. This kind of footnote requires the
use of “From” if it is a direct reprint or “Adapted from” for adaptations.
FOOTNOTES AND ENDNOTES
IN MLA CITATION STYLE
FORMAT
A superscript indicates the footnote or endnote after a
punctuation mark.

The referencing page for footnotes should be placed before the


Works Cited page. The footnotes and endnotes should be listed
in chronological order as they appear in the text, with each entry
indented for 1⁄2 inch.
FOOTNOTES AND ENDNOTES
IN CHICAGO/TURABIAN
CITATION STYLE
NOTES-BIBLIOGRAPHY (NB) STYLE IN
CHICAGO FORMAT
The NB Style in Chicago format reference sources
using footnotes, endnotes, and a bibliography. The
footnotes are added on the page that used the reference
while endnotes are compiled at the end of the chapter. A
superscript should be placed at the end of the sentence or
clause that is being referenced. If a bibliography is
included, there is no need to cite the publication in full in
the notes.

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