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Cells - The Building Blocks of Life: Biology

Cells are the basic building blocks of life. Using a light microscope helps see cells that are too small for the naked eye. Animal and plant cells share some features but differ in others. Diffusion is how substances enter and leave cells, moving from high to low concentration areas. Unicellular organisms consist of a single cell while multicellular organisms organize cells into tissues, organs and organ systems. Plant cells contain structures like cell walls and chloroplasts not found in animal cells. Mitochondria are where energy is released from food in cells.

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40 views

Cells - The Building Blocks of Life: Biology

Cells are the basic building blocks of life. Using a light microscope helps see cells that are too small for the naked eye. Animal and plant cells share some features but differ in others. Diffusion is how substances enter and leave cells, moving from high to low concentration areas. Unicellular organisms consist of a single cell while multicellular organisms organize cells into tissues, organs and organ systems. Plant cells contain structures like cell walls and chloroplasts not found in animal cells. Mitochondria are where energy is released from food in cells.

Uploaded by

thomasevie164
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cells – The Building Blocks

of Life
Biology
Cells: you must be able to...
• Use a microscope to help understand the functions of the cell
• Remember the differences between animal and plant cells
• Understand how substances move into and out of cells by diffusion
• Understand the organisation of cells
Using a Light Microscope
• Cells are too small to see with the naked eye. Using a light microscope
helps us to see and draw cells.

Key Point:
Objects need to be
placed on a slide,
stained and covered
with a coverslip,
placed on the 'stage'
of the microscope,
illuminated and then
focussed.
How Plant and Animal Cells Work
• Animal and plant cells share some features but not others.
• Different parts of animal and plant cells have different functions.
Diffusion
• Diffusion is one of the ways that substances enter
and leave cells.
Key Point:
Diffusing substances
• In an animal cell, oxygen and glucose diffuse
always move from through the membrane and into the cell. This is
where there is a lot of because there is more oxygen and glucose outside
the substance (high
concentration) to the cell than there is inside.
where there is very
little (low
• Carbon dioxide and waste products diffuse out of
concentration). the cell into the blood.
• In a plant cell, carbon dioxide diffuses in. Oxygen
and glucose diffuse out.
Unicellular Organisms
• Unicellular organisms have just one cell.
• Euglena has a long whip-like structure to help it move through water.
• Amoeba can make finger-like projections to catch food.
Key Point:
Organisation of Cells Cells – Tissues – Organs – Organ Systems - Organisms

• Cells of the same type carrying out the Examples of cell and organ
same function are usually grouped systems include:
together to form a tissue, e.g. skin cells. • Bone cells in the skeletal
• Different types of tissue are grouped system,
together to form organs, e.g. the brain. • Blood cells in the circulatory
• Different types of organs grouped system,
together to form organ systems, e.g. • Nerve cells in the nervous
the nervous system. system,
• Different types of organ system work • Sperm/egg cells in the
together to form the organism, e.g. the reproductive system.
human being.
Write in full sentences...
1. Name one structure that is found in plant cells but not animal cells.
2. Where in a cell is energy released from food?
3. Name the process where molecules move from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration.
4. Put these words in order of complexity, starting with 'cell': cell,
organism, organ, tissue, organ system
Answers
1. Cell Wall / Vacuole / Chloroplast
2. Mitochondria
3. Diffusion
4. Cell / Tissue / Organ / Organ System / Organism
Reproduction: you must be able to...
• Understand and explain the structure of the human reproductive
system and how it works.
• Know how reproduction ad fruit dispersal works in a flowering plant.
• Understand why plant reproduction is important to humans.
Reproduction in Humans
• Sexual reproduction in humans involves males and females

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