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5 Resource Levelling

The document discusses resource leveling, which aims to assign resources like labor, equipment, and materials to project activities in a way that improves productivity and efficiency by stabilizing resource demand over time. It describes generating resource histograms to visualize resource requirements versus time and leveling the workforce to maintain a consistent crew size within minimum and maximum limits to reduce issues like congestion and the need for frequent hiring and training of new workers. The trial and error method for leveling resources involves iteratively adjusting resource allocations until the network logic and rules around minimum, normal, and maximum crew sizes are all satisfied.

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Momna Zafar
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28 views20 pages

5 Resource Levelling

The document discusses resource leveling, which aims to assign resources like labor, equipment, and materials to project activities in a way that improves productivity and efficiency by stabilizing resource demand over time. It describes generating resource histograms to visualize resource requirements versus time and leveling the workforce to maintain a consistent crew size within minimum and maximum limits to reduce issues like congestion and the need for frequent hiring and training of new workers. The trial and error method for leveling resources involves iteratively adjusting resource allocations until the network logic and rules around minimum, normal, and maximum crew sizes are all satisfied.

Uploaded by

Momna Zafar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RESOURCE LEVELLING

Lecture 5
RESOURCES
 Any means to complete an activity e.g., capital,
people, machinery, plant or materials are called
Resources.

 Time is also a valuable resource.

 Plot of Resource requirements versus time is called


Resource profile or Resource Use Graph or
Histogram
RESOURCES

 Resource leveling is an attempt to assign


resources to project activities in a manner that
will improve productivity and efficiency.
 Resource Allocation
To assign required resources to activities, such
that available resources are not exceeded.
 Labor allocation is the assigning of labor to a
project in order to stabilize the work.
Typically Leveled Resource Histogram
Why should we level the work force ?

1. Fixed Crew Size: Obviously, if the schedule


demands more workers per day than are
available or we have workers standing
around without jobs, we have a problem.
2. Learning Curve: When a new hire is
trained, there is a loss of productivity. So, if
we can keep the trained people and reduce
the number of new hires, we should be
better off.
Why should we level the work force ?

3. Start-up Problems: Every project suffers from start-up problems of


some sort. At this time, the supervisors are very busy trying to get
everybody working in a productive manner. Therefore, if we can
start with a small crew and increase the size gradually, we will
eliminate some of the starting problems.

4. Completion Congestion: Most projects suffer from congestion


around project completion time because of reduced work areas.
Thus, if we can gradually reduce the crew size as we approach
project completion, we can improve productivity by reducing
congestion.
ASSUMPTIONS FOR RESOURCE LEVELLING

1. Any worker can do any activity

2. The number of worker–days (duration of an


activity x No. of workers assigned daily to
that activity) needed to complete an activity is
fixed.

3. An activity once started will continue.


Trial and Error method of Resource Leveling

RULES

Rule 1: The CPM logic must be maintained.


Rule 2: Activities on the critical path(s) must
use a normal crew size.
Rule 3: The planned crew size must be
between, and including, the minimum and
normal crew size.
Trial and Error method of Resource Leveling

STEPS
STEP 1: Determine the “theoretical” minimum crew size for the
project that would be required if the allocation is perfectly
spread out over the project duration.
(Minimum Crew Size = Total Worker-days of the project / Project Duration)

STEP 2: Prepare a worksheet as shown in example. Fill it and put


brackets around the time frame, around which each activity can
take place (ES to LF).

STEP 3: Try different combinations of labor allocation to find the


best fit for the hierarchy of importance and rules given above
Trial and Error method of Resource Leveling

STEP 3: Check that


(a) All daily allocations are within the
minimum and maximum crew sizes.
(b) The network logic is maintained.
(c) The sum of the daily allocations
equals the total project labor requirement
EXAMPLE

Allocate the daily work force for the


network schedule shown in Figure
7.1a for a maximum crew size of
13 workers per day.
Critical Activities
13 workers per day
13 workers per day (Histogram)
If there are limited Resources
available ?
12 workers per day
12 workers per day (Histogram)
11 workers per day
11 workers per day (Histogram)

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