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TYPOLOGIES
OF
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:
 distinguish between formal and informal types of communities
 make a community map of a rural and urban community
 explain local and global communities and their relationship.

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VOCABULARY
LIST
Typology- a classification according to
general type. In this module, this refers
to the types of community.

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Formal Community- characterized by
institutionally structured hierarchies,
which define the relationship between
authoritative and subordinate actors and
groups.

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Informal Community- seen to
typically operate through socio-cultural
mechanisms within the community
structures.

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Global Community- characterized by
integration and interaction between
individuals and groups away from each
other in time or space or both.

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Local Community- characterized by
close social integration and physical
proximity. Moreover, it is defined as a
group of people sharing the same
environment and conditions such as
intent, belief, resources, preferences,
needs and risks.
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Urban Community- described as
industrialized and commercial centers
where population density is relatively
high compared to rural communities.

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Rural Community- characterized as
pastoral, agricultural, and located along
the periphery of urban centers or in the
countryside.

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Formal and Informal

Communities
 The table below details the differences between
formal and informal community. An example of a
formal community is a business firm, where people
are assigned positions based on their job descriptions
and functions. One example of an informal
organization is a group of jogging enthusiasts who
meet once a week at the city park

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 Social Space is defined as a physical or virtual
space which members of the community visit or
where they stay. Some examples of social space
include the social center, online social media, or other
gathering spaces where people gather or interact.

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 Some social spaces are owned by the
government, such as town squares, parks, and
beaches. These are spaces generally open and
accessible to people. Private social spaces, on the
other hand, are owned and regulated regularly, such as
shopping malls. These social spaces may be used by
community residents for their gatherings or simple
recreation activities.

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 LET’S
PRACTICE
PUBLIC SPACE
PRIVATE SPACE
PRIVATE SPACE
PUBLIC SPACE
PUBLIC SPACE
Learning Task 1. Got to know the existing
Leadership/ Power Relation!
Directions: Give the existing power relation and
social space of the following community.

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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Rural-Urban
Communities
Communities may be located in either rural or urban areas. These
areas have distinct characteristics. The following are the three
general characteristics of rural areas:
a. Population density is found to be low, meaning few people
populate the entire community, and they tend to live far apart
from each other.
b. The area is situated geographically distant from larger urban
areas.
c. Each area typically specializes in a particular form of
livelihood, such as farming.

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Characteristics of urban areas are as follows:
a. There is higher population density, with more diverse subgroups (ethnic, racial
cultural, age, sexual orientation)
b. Various industries and businesses are found in the areas.
c. A large portion of people lived in rented apartments or homes.
d. Transportation is readily available although this may be costly
e. Urban areas are highly developed with many buildings and structures
f. Traffic and noise levels are high in these areas
g. The large population gives rise to close interactions among many people as
well as more intense political involvement among citizens.

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COMMUNITY
SECTORS
 There are also various sectors in different
communities. Community sectors are various groups
or subdivisions of the larger community divided based
on characteristics such as political, economic, cultural,
and religious beliefs. The various sectors that exist in
all communities may be categorized according to the
following sectors with their inclusions:

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1. HEALTH
medical and mental health professionals;
pharmacists and pharmacies; hospitals and other in-
patient facilities, clinics, non-traditional health
practitioners; public health agencies and systems

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2. EDUCATION
public and private preschools, K-12 schools,
colleges and universities, school committees, school
administrators, teachers, other educational institution
employees; parents, students, state board of education;
adult basic education (ABE) and English as Second or
Other Language (ESOL) programs

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3. LAW ENFORCEMENT
the local and state police, the court system-
judges, probation officers, prosecutors, court
appointed defense lawyers, court-mandated program
for offenders.

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4. GOVERNMENT
regional, provincial, state, local, and tribal
government bureaucracies, agencies, and officials,
both elected and appointed.

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5. BUSINESS
from the self-employed carpenter to the
multinational corporation with a local facility.

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6. YOUTH
youth themselves (generally viewed as ages 18 and
younger) and those who work directly with them (youth
violence prevention and outreach programs, Big Brother/Big
Sister, Boys’ and Girls’ Clubs, scouting, etc.) parents, human
service, culture, and sports/recreation sectors.

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7. MEDIA
newspapers and magazines, radio, and TV, vast
array of blogs, videos, online news, and other
materials available on the internet.

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8. HUMAN SERVICES
non-profit professional and volunteer
organizations that provide free and affordable services
such as job training, food, shelter, elder services,
services for individuals with physical or mental
disabilities, support and advocacy for immigrants,
among others.

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9. RELIGION
places of worship and their members, religious
organizations (e.g. Knights of Columbus, CBCP) of all
faiths, may include the hierarchy of a national church
as well (a Roman Catholic archbishop, for instance)

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10. Service/ Fraternal Organization
the Lions, Masons, Rotary, Kiwanis, and other
local and national or international service
organizations, college fraternities/sororities or other
local and national social clubs, as well veterans’
organizations and the like.

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 11. Community Activist Volunteer Groups

individuals for or against political issue,

supportive of existing institutions (“Friends of” the local park,
a school playground volunteer corps), oriented toward economics
(groups that volunteer to help non-profit and small business owners with
or more generally concerned with
financial and business plans),
the quality of community life (e.g. organizers of community
festivals)

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12. CULTURE
artists such as musicians, dancers and
choreographers, writer, actors and directors, designers
and visual artists, as well as arts organizations,
theaters, orchestras, museums, galleries, and those
who work as support staff in the arts- stagehands,
cameramen, electricians, set builders, etc. ; regular
consumers and supporters of the arts.

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13. HOUSING DEVELOPMENT
both public and private non-profit housing
agencies and organizations that provide rent subsidies
and/or affordable housing, as well as developers who
build market-rate and upscale residential and
commercial properties.

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14. SPORTS and RECREATION
sports clubs, town or county recreation
departments, amateur and professional athletic
associations, public and private sports and recreation
facilities, gyms, coaches, personal trainers, recreation
leaders, and camp directors, as well those who
participate in these groups as athletes, spectators, or
supporters.
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15. ENVIRONMENT
individual environmentalists, international,
national, and local environmental organizations,
conservation land trusts, recreational hunters and
fishermen, rock climbers and mountaineers, wildlife
biologists and botanists, ecologists, hikers,, and other
outdoor people, hydrologists, those who make a living
from a pristine or carefully-managed environment.

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16. AGRICULTURE
confined to rural areas, may also include dairy
farmers, cheesemakers, winemakers and vineyards,
and food processors and packers, including all
consumers of the food produced

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Learning Task 2. MY Community Map!
Directions: From the lesson we have learned about the different
communities. How about your community, what type of community
is it? How will you describe your own community? What are the
prominent community sectors present in it? Express your thoughts
by making a community map. Please be guided with the rubric
below and the identified ten out of sixteen community sectors. This
will serve as one of your performance tasks.

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Learning Task 2. MY Community Map!
Make a community map which would reflect the following
elements:
a. Describe your community in a way that you show its location, if
it is a rural or urban community and its characteristics.
b. Out of the sixteen (16) community sectors, choose at least ten
(10) prominent sectors in the community.

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Learning Task 2. MY Community Map!
Make a community map which would reflect the following
elements:
c. Give the names of your specific example e.g. If you are living in
Magsaysay St., Almedras-Cogon, Sorsogon City and you have
chosen education as your specific community sector, give the name
of your example such as Sorsogon National High School.
d. Make use of a symbol e.g. cross at the roof of a church refers to
Catholic Church

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Local and Global

Communities
 A local community is characterized by close
social integration and physical proximity. Moreover, a
local community is defined as a group of people
sharing the same environment and conditions intent,
belief, resources, preferences, and needs and risks.
These factors may affect the identities of the
individuals as well as the community’s degree of
cohesiveness.

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 In addition, a local community may consist of
business operators, public agency staff, residents with
interactions that may include sharing of resources,
information, and assistance. Commercial relationships
may also be present between local businesses and
consumers.

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 The global community, on the other hand, is a
system characterized by integration and interaction
between individuals and groups away from each other
in time or space or both. The word “global” refers to
the nation of the world considered closely connected
by modern telecommunication, though they are
economically, socially and politically independent
(Sebastian, 2009, and dictionary.com)

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 The domains and certain aspects of the local and
global communities intertwine. Establishments,
programs, and other events that started in the local
setup may eventually grow to have a global presence,
such as the Jollibee fast food chain.

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 Proposed plans and programs in the local
community, when implemented successfully, may
reach the global community, and gain traction there as
well such as outreach activities, programs during
calamities etc.

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Directions: Below are statements
with jumbled words based on the
previous discussion. Try to
remember each concept by looking
into the jumbled words.
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1. CIASOL PASCE
-a physical or virtual space which members of the
community visit or where they stay.

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2. CONMIMUTY CESTORS
-various groups or subdivisions of the larger
community divided based on characteristics such as
political, economic, cultural, and religious beliefs.

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3. BANUR CONMIMUTY
-described as industrialized and commercial centers
where population density is relatively high.

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4. ABLGOL CONMIMUTY
-characterized by integration and interaction between
individuals and groups away from each other in time
or space or both.

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5. RALFOM CONMIMUTY
-characterized by institutionally structured hierarchies,
which define the relationship between authoritative
and subordinate actors and groups.

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Directions: Read and analyze the
following statements. Identify what
is described in each sentence.

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6. This group is composed of
members who decided to join the
group to satisfy their social needs.

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7. These are social spaces owned
and regulated regularly.

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8. This is the community where
Various industries and businesses
are found in the areas.

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9. Community sector which
includes places of worship and
organizations as part of the beliefs
of the people in the community.

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10. Community sector that includes
dairy farmers, cheese-makers,
winemakers, food processors and
the likes.

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THANK