TEXT

INFORMATIO
N AND MEDIA
OBJECTIVE:
After going through this module, you are
expected to:

1. Describe the different dimensions of text

information and media.
(MELC)

2. Evaluate the reliability and validity of text

information and media and its/ their sources
using selection criteria.

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ASSESSMENT

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1. What font is best suited for the contents of
a printed book?
A. Serif font C. Sans Serif font
B. Decorative font D. All of the choice

2. It is a design principle of text that suggest

of using contrasting size and colors to
present different value of information.
A. Alignment C. Emphasis
B. Appropriateness D. Consistency
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3. Your friends asked you to make a poster
about peace, what background color is best
suited for this theme?
A. Black C. Yellow
B. Blue D. Green
4. Type of text that consisting of fixed sized
characters having essentially the same type of
appearance.
A. Formatted Text
B. Hypertext
C. Plaintext/Unformatted Text
D. Baseline
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5. What is the text format for Microsoft word
file?
A. .doc and .docx C. .odt
B. .wpd D.pdf

6. Element of text that use different size

weight, color, contrast and orientation to
present texts with greater value.
A. Appropriateness C. Alignment
B. Emphasis. D. Space

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7. It is the type of font that looks like
handwriting.
A. Serif font C. Sans Serif font
B. Script font D. Times New Roman font

8. Element of text that use to create focus and

strategically make other texts stand-out.
A. Space C. Emphasis
B. Alignment D. Consistency

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9. It is a software that allows complex pages of text and
graphics to be laid out for publications such as newspapers,
magazines, brochures and books.
A. Word Processing C. Desktop Publishing
B. Spreadsheet D. Print Media

10. Observe the image below and find the possible violation
of the design principles and elements of texts.
A. The colors are not emphasized to match the theme.
B. The fonts used are not appropriate for the theme.
C. The alignment is inconsistent.
D. The spacing is too close.

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WHAT IS TEXT?
Text may be defined as a simple
and flexible format of presenting
information or conveying ideas
whether hand-written, printed or
displayed on- screen.

It is very powerful in
disseminating information,
providing direction and giving
suggestions.
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TYPES OF
TEXT

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1. PLAIN TEXT /
UNFORMATTED TEXT
To put it simply, plain text is any text that
isn't formatted. It does not take any special
formatting, such as varying fonts, font sizes,
bold font, or italics. It also only contains
standard characters, which are those found in
the default set of characters that an application
can display. It can also refer to a document that
only contains these unformatted characters.
https://www.howtogeek.com/465420/what-is-plain-text/#plain-text

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2. FORMATTED TEXT

Formatted text refers to text styled

or arranged in a particular way to
enhance its visual appearance. This can
include changes to the font, size, color,
and spacing of the text, as well as the
addition of images, hyperlinks, and
other visual elements.
https://www.lenovo.com/us/en/glossary/what-is-formatted-text/?orgRef=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.google.com
%252F

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3. HYPERTEXT
Hypertext is text which contains
links to other texts. The term was
coined by Ted Nelson around 1965 (see
History ). HyperMedia is a term used
for hypertext which is not constrained to
be text: it can include graphics, video
and sound , for example. Apparently
Ted Nelson was the first to use this term
too.
https://www.w3.org
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 THE
ANATOMY OF
FONTS
1. BASELINE

The baseline is the invisible line

upon which letters rest. It's used as
a point from which other elements
are measured, such as line-height
and x-height.

https://fonts.google.com/knowledge/glossary/baseline

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2. ASCENDERS

An ascender is an upward part of

a letterform (often a vertical stroke)
that extends above the x-height and
usually above the cap height, such
as the stem of a lowercase b or d.

https://fonts.google.com/knowledge/glossary/ascenders_descenders

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3. DESCENDER

A descender goes the other way:

It’s a downward vertical stroke that
extends below the baseline, such as
the stem of a lowercase g or p.

https://fonts.google.com/knowledge/glossary/ascenders_descenders

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TYPEFACE

Collection of letters: refers to the

presentation or style of a text in the
digital format.

Also called as ‘font’ or ‘font type’

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6 TYPES OF
FONTS /
TYPEFACE

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1. SERIF FONTS

What Is a Serif Font? Serif fonts

are typefaces that have serifs,
which are extra strokes on the
ends of their letterforms.

https://www.masterclass.com/articles/serif-vs-sans-serif-compared

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2. SLAB FONTS

Slab serif—also called Egyptian,

Clarendon, or simply “slab” — is a group
of typefaces close to sans serifs in their
construction, including their generally
low stroke contrast, but possessing serifs
that match the overall stroke.

https://fonts.google.com/knowledge/glossary/slab_serif_egyptian_clarendon

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3. SAN SERIF FONTS

Sans serif typefaces are considered more

modern than serif typefaces. They lack the strokes
that distinguish a serif typeface, hence the use of
the French word "sans," which means “without.”
Sans serif typefaces are often used to signify
something clean, minimal, friendly, or modern.
https://www.pluralsight.com/blog/creative-professional/meaning-behind-chosen-typeface#:~:text=Sans%20serif%20typefaces%20are
%20considered,minimal%2C%20friendly%2C%20or%20modern.

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4. SCRIPT FONTS

Script is a genre classification for

typefaces that take direct influence from
handwriting and calligraphy. While
there's the potential for crossover with the
“handwritten” sub-genre, most script type
is slightly more formal in its composition
and is decorated with numerous flourishes.
https://fonts.google.com/knowledge/glossary/script_typeface_style

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5. HANDWRITTEN
FONTS
“Handwriting” or “handwritten” may
also refer to a loose genre classification of
typefaces: those resembling a handwritten
style. Note that there's a large crossover
between the “handwriting” and “script”
genres of typeface classification. Examples
of handwritten typefaces include Kalam and
Tillana.
https://fonts.google.com/knowledge/glossary/handwriting

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6. DECORATIVE FONTS

Decorative. Decorative, or display, fonts

come packed with personality. These fonts
are highly decorated versions of sans serif,
serif, script, and other font styles. The point
of using a decorative font is to grab attention
with a really unique look.

https://blog.hubspot.com/website/font-types#:~:text=4.-,Decorative,with%20a%20really%20unique%20look.

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 DESIGN
PRINCIPLES
AND
ELEMENTS
1. EMPHASIS

Emphasis is the part of the design that

catches the viewer's attention. Usually
the artist will make one area stand out by
contrasting it with other areas. The area
could be different in size, color, texture,
shape, etc.

https://www.getty.edu/education/teachers/building_lessons/principles_design.pdf

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ELEMENTS

- Make the text bold

- Italicized
- Have a heavier weight
- Darkened or lightened
- Enlarged

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2. APPROPRIATENESS

Appropriateness. How fitting Or suitable

the text is used for a specific audience,
purpose, or event.

https://moodynolan.com/news-ideas/on-design-appropriateness/#:~:text=For%20us%2C%20design%20appropriateness
%20means,as%20architects%2C%20desire%20to%20build.

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ELEMENTS

- Times New Roman

- Arial
- Aharoni
- Rockwell

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3. SPACE

Space refers to the area that a shape or

form occupies. It also refers to the
background against which we see the
shape or form. Space can be defined as
positive and negative.

https://www.extension.iastate.edu/4hfiles/statefair/eehandbook/eehjpdesign4h634.pdf

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4. ALIGNMENT

Alignment is a design principle

that refers lining up text or
graphics on a page.

https://venngage.com/design-dictionary/alignment-design-principle-definition/#:~:text=What%20is%20Alignment%20in

%20Design,will%20look%20cluttered%20and%20unfinished.

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LEFT ALIGNMENT

Left alignment is when elements

are aligned to the left side of the
page.

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RIGHT ALIGNMENT

Right alignment is when

elements are aligned to the right side
of the page.

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VERTICAL ALIGNMENT

Vertical alignment is when

elements are aligned with the top of
the page.

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CENTER ALIGNMENT

Center alignment is when

elements are aligned with the center
of the page.

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5. CONSISTENCY

Consistency in design is
about making elements uniform —
having them look and behave the
same way.

https://jmspool.medium.com/consistency-in-design-is-the-wrong-approach-3cfbc87a327#:~:text=Consistency%20in
%20design%20is%20about,the%20usability%20by%20creating%20uniformity.

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 FILE
EXTENSIONS
USED WITH
TEXT FILES
AND
DOCUMENTS
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.DOC ( AN ABBREVIATION
OF “DOCUMENT” )
A DOC file is a word processing
document created by Microsoft Word.
DOC files use the .DOC extension and
have generally been used to make and
save various types of written documents
such as letters, CVs, essays and brochures.

https://www.adobe.com/uk/acrobat/resources/document-files/text-files/doc.html

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.DOCX ( MICROSOFT
WORD TEXT DOCUMENT )
A .DOCX file is a standard format for
digital documents. If you create, edit or view
these types of files, learning how to open
them on different devices can be helpful.
Understanding how to open a .DOCX file
using multiple methods can make you more
versatile and provide you with options for a
variety of situations in the workplace.

https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/opening-docx-file

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ODT ( OPEN DESKTOP )

File with the ".odt" extension is an

OpenOffice Document file. These documents are
typically created using programs like
Apache OpenOffice Writer and
LibreOffice Writer, word processors
comparable to Microsoft Word and Google Docs.

https://www.howtogeek.com/765461/what-is-an-odt-file-and-how-do-you-open-one/

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.PDF ( PORTABLE
DOCUMENT FORMAT )
Portable Document Format (PDF)
is a file format that has captured all
the elements of a printed document as
an electronic image that users can
view, navigate, print or forward to
someone else.

https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/Portable-Document-Format-PDF

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.RTF ( RICH TEXT
FORMAT )
RTF was created by the Microsoft Word team
back in the 1980s. It was intended as a universal
format that could be used by most word
processors, making it easier for people to share
Word documents with people who don't use Word.
It was also incorporated as the default format used
by Windows' built-in WordPad app---a lightweight
word processor.

https://www.howtogeek.com/358854/what-is-an-rtf-file-and-how-do-i-open-one/

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.TEX
A file with the TEX file extension is
most likely a source document created by
LaTeX that's used to define the structure
of a book or other document, like whether
to make it into an article format, letter
format, etc.

https://www.lifewire.com/tex-file-4153927#:~:text=A%20file%20with%20the%20TEX,format%2C%20letter%20format%2C

.
%20etc

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.TXT ( PLAIN TEXT FILE
)
Text files have the extension of .txt, and
these are used to save written languages. In
simple words, TXT files are used to store
human-readable text data on computers.
Text data includes alphabets, digits, and
special symbols.
https://recoverit.wondershare.com/file-recovery/what-is-txt-file.html

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.WPD ( WORDPERFECT
DOCUMENT FILES )
A file with an extension .wpd referred
to as a WordPerfect Document Files
(WPD). Corel WordPerfect was used to
produce this text document. A word
processing program is referred to
as WordPerfect. It is used in a variety of
computer systems, including Windows.

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EXAMPLE OF
APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
WORD PROCESSING
SOFTWARE
A word processor is a device or
software program capable of creating,
storing, and printing text documents. It
allows users to write and modify text,
display it on a screen, save it
electronically, and print it out.

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/word/word-processor

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DESKTOP PUBLISHING (
DTP )
Desktop publishing (DTP) is the use of
personal computers to design books and
booklets that are intended to be printed by
ink jet or laser printers. The software that
supports desktop publishing has a WYSIWYG
graphical user interface (GUI) to make the set-
up for publishing as easy as possible.

https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/desktop-publishing#:~:text=Desktop%20publishing%20(DTP)%20is
%20the,publishing%20as%20easy%20as%20possible.

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 STANDARD
FEATURES OF
WORD
PROCESSING

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CUT

The "Cut" function removes the currently selected text and

places it on the clipboard. The clipboard on a computer
functions as temporary storage for the last item you've cut or
copied. After you cut text, you won't see it on your screen, but
you can place it anywhere in the document using the "Paste"
function. You can perform a cut on selected text by pressing
"Control-X" or clicking the "Cut" button on the Home tab in
Microsoft Word.

https://smallbusiness.chron.com/cut-copy-paste-mean-word-processing-66264.html

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COPY

When you press "Control-C" or click the

"Copy" button on the Home tab, the computer
copies the selected text into the clipboard.
The text also remains in its original location.
By pasting copied text, you duplicate it,
making it faster to reuse the same word or
sentence over and over.

https://smallbusiness.chron.com/cut-copy-paste-mean-word-processing-66264.html

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PASTE

The "Paste" button on the Home tab places the current

contents of the clipboard into the document at the
flashing cursor's location. You can also paste by pressing
"Control-V." When you paste text, the computer does not
remove it from the clipboard, so you can paste it multiple
times or in several places without needing to copy it
again. Turning off your computer or rebooting empties
the clipboard.

https://smallbusiness.chron.com/cut-copy-paste-mean-word-processing-66264.html

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FORMATING TEXT
ADVANTAGES
Formatted text can draw the reader's
attention to specific parts of a document and
emphasize important information. In Word,
you have several options for adjusting text,
including font, size, and color. You can also
adjust the alignment of the text to change
how it is displayed on the page.

https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/word/formatting-text/1/

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THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING!