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BOYLES

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41 views

BOYLES

Uploaded by

Raincel mae Abrera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Gas Laws

Pressure and Volume (Boyle’s Law)

1
Boyle’s Law
Pressure and volume are
inversely related at
constant temperature.
PV = K
 As one goes up, the other
goes down.
P1V1 = P2V2
“Father of Modern Chemistry”
Robert Boyle
Chemist & Natural Philosopher
Listmore, Ireland
January 25, 1627 – December 30, 1690
Boyles’ Law and Breathing

During an inhalation,

• the lungs expand.

• the pressure in the


lungs decreases.

• air flows towards


the lower pressure
in the lungs.

Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

3
Boyles’ Law and Breathing

During an exhalation,

• lung volume
decreases.

• pressure within the


lungs increases.

• air flows from the


higher pressure in
the lungs to the
outside.
Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

4
Boyle’s Law

Boyle’s Law can


be stated as

P 1V 1= P 2V 2

5
Units for Pressure

 atm – atmosphere
 Pa - Pascal (kPa = kilo Pascal)
 mm Hg - millimeters of mercury
 torr - another name for mm Hg

6
Units for Volume

1 cm3 (cubic centimeter) =


1 mL (milliliter)

1 dm3 (cubic decimeter) =


1 L (liter) = 1000 mL

7
Solving for a Gas Law Variable

To solve for V2 , divide both sides by P2.


P1V1 = P2V2
P2 P2

V1 x P1 = V2
P2

8
Learning Check

A sample of helium gas in a balloon has a volume of


6.4 L at a pressure of 0.70 atm. At 1.40 atm
(Temperature is constant), is the new volume
represented by A, B, or C?

9
Solution

A sample of helium gas in a balloon has a volume of


6.4 L at a pressure of 0.70 atm. At a higher pressure
(T constant), the new volume is represented by the
smaller balloon A.

10
Learning Check

If a sample of
helium gas has a
volume of 120 mL and
a pressure of 850 mm
Hg, what is the new
volume if the pressure
is changed to 425 mm
Hg ?

11
Solution

240 mL
P1 = 850 mm Hg P2 = 425 mm Hg
V1 = 120 mL V2 = ??

V2 = V1 x P1 = 120 mL x 850 mm Hg = 240 mL


P2 425 mm Hg
Pressure ratio
increases volume

12
AnswerCheckpoint
page 318 #3 a

13
Learning Check

If the sample of helium gas has a volume of 6.4 L


at a pressure of 0.70 atm, what is the new
volume when the pressure is increased to 1.40
atm (T constant)?

A) 3.2 L B) 6.4 L C) 12.8


L

14
Solution

If the sample of helium gas has a volume of 6.4 L


at a pressure of 0.70 atm, what is the new
volume when the pressure is increased to 1.40
atm (T constant)?
A) 3.2 L

V2 = V1 x P1
P2
V2 = 6.4 L x 0.70 atm = 3.2 L
1.40 atm
Volume decreases when there is an increase in
the pressure (temperature is constant.)

15
Learning Check

A sample of oxygen gas has a


volume of 12.0 L at 600. mm
Hg. What is the new pressure
when the volume changes to
36.0 L? (T and n constant).

1) 200. mm Hg
2) 400. mm Hg
3) 1200 mm Hg

16
Solution

1) 200. mm Hg
Data table
Conditions 1 Conditions 2
P1 = 600. mm Hg P2 = ???
V1 = 12.0 L V2 = 36.0 L

P2 = P1 x V1
V2
600. mm Hg x 12.0 L = 200. mm Hg
36.0 L

17

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