COMPUTER GRAPHICS

(BCSPC7010)
7th Semester CSE (R-18)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
GIET UNIVERSITY, GUNUPUR
 SYLLABUS
Module – I (12 hours)
Overview of Graphics System : Video Display Units, Raster-Scan and Random
Scan Systems, Graphics Input and Output Devices. Output Primitives: Line
drawing Algorithms: DDA and Bresenham’s Line Algorithm, Circle drawing
Algorithms: Midpoint Circle Algorithm and Bresenham’s Circle drawing
Algorithm. Two Dimensional Geometric Transformation: Basic Transformation
(Translation, Rotation, Scaling) Matrix Representation, Composite
Transformations, Reflection, Shear, Transformation between coordinate
systems.
Module – II (12 hours)
Two Dimensional Viewing: Window-to- View Port Coordinate Transformation.
Line Clipping (Cohen-Sutherland Algorithm) and Polygon Clipping
(Sutherland-Hodgeman Algorithm) Aliasing and Antialiasing, Half Toning,
Thresholding, Dithering. Polygon Filling: Seed Fill Algorithm, Scan line
Algorithm. Two Dimensional Object Representations: Spline Representation,
Bezier Curves, B-Spline Curves. Fractal Geometry: Fractal Classification and
Fractal Dimension.
 SYLLABUS
Module – III (8 hours)
Three Dimensional Geometric and Modeling Transformations:
Translation, Rotation, Scaling, Reflections, shear, Composite
Transformation. Projections: Parallel Projection, Perspective
Projection. Visible Surface Detection Methods: Back-Face
Detection, Depth Buffer, A- Buffer, Scan- Line Algorithm, Painters
Algorithm.
Module – IV (8 hours)
Illumination Models: Basic Models, Displaying Light Intensities.
Surface Rendering Methods: Polygon Rendering Methods: Gouraud
Shading, Phong Shading. Computer Animation: Types of
Animation, Key frame Vs. Procedural Animation, Methods of
Controlling Animation, Morphing. Introduction to Virtual Reality
and Augmented Reality.
 TEXTBOOK
Textbook:
1.Computer Graphics, D. Hearn and M.P. Baker (C
Version), Pearson Education.
Reference Books:
1.Computer Graphics Principle and Practice, J.D. Foley, A.
Dam, S.K. Feiner, Addison Wesley.
2.Procedural Elements of Computer Graphics, David
Rogers, TMH.
3.Computer Graphics: Algorithms and Implementations,
D.P Mukherjee, D. Jana, PHI.
4.Computer Graphics, Z. Xiang, R. A. Plastock, Schaum’s
Outlines, McGrow Hill.
5.Computer Graphics, S. Bhattacharya, Oxford University
Press.
 COURSE EDUCATIONAL
OBJECTIVES
• This course provides an introduction to the
principles of computer graphics.
• In particular, the course will consider rescale,
transmit (shift), shear (skew), and rotate
different graphical objects in 2D and 3D
coordinate and efficiently generating
photorealistic renderings on color raster
graphics devices.
• It also present classification of projection and
Animation.
 COURSE OUTCOMES
Course Outcome: Students can able to
•CO 1: Explain the structure of modern computer
graphics systems and implementation of its
primitives. [1,2,3]
•CO 2: Compare and Model different clipping,
transformation and projection algorithm in 2D and
3D. [2,4]
•CO 3: Explain thresholding, dithering, aliasing
and polygon filling. [1,2]
•CO 4: Illustrate surface detection and Virtual
reality for a better visual effects. [1,2]
Introduction to Computer Graphics Lecture : 01

Computer graphics is an art of drawing pictures

on computer screens with the help of
programming. It involves computations, creations,
and manipulation of data. In other words, we can
say that Computer graphics is a rendering tools for
the generation and manipulation of images.
Image processing is defined as how to process to a
captured image for object detection and
identification.
Introduction to Computer Graphics Lecture : 01

• Pixel: Pictorial unit of the image or graph.

• Resolution: The number of pixel per unit length
i.e. Horizontal as well as vertical direction.
• Aspect ratio: The ratio of width to its height,
measured in unit length or number of pixel.
• Bitmap: One bit for one pixel called as
Bitmap.
• Pixmap: number of bits for one pixel called
as Pixmap.
Introduction to Computer Graphics Lecture : 01

Advantages of Interactive Computer graphics.

•Today, high quality graphics displays of personal
computer provide one of the most natural
means of communicating with computer.
• It provides tools for producing pictures not only
of concrete real-world object but also of
abstract, synthetic object, such as mathematical
surface in 4D and of data that have no inherent
geometry, such survey results.
Introduction to Computer Graphics Lecture : 01

• It has an ability to show moving picture,

and thus it is possible to produce
animation with interactive graphics.
• With recent development of DSP (digital
signal processing) and audio synthesis chip
the interactive graphics can now provide
audio feed back with the graphical feed
back to make the simulated environment
even more realistic.
Introduction to Computer Graphics Lecture : 01

Application of Interactive Computer Graphics:

• User interface
• Plotting of graphics and chart
• Office automation and Desktop Publishing
• Computer aided Drafting and Design
• Simulation and Animation
• Art and Commerce
• Process Controls
• Cartography.
Introduction to Computer Graphics Lecture : 01

INPUT DEVICE: DISPLAY DEVICES:

• Keyboard •CRT (cathode ray tube)
• Mouse •Vector scan and Random
• Trackball scan.
• Joysticks •Raster scan display
• Data Glove •Color video monitors.
• Image Scanners •Direct View Storage
tube(DVST)
• Touch Panel
•Plasma panel Display
• Light pens e.t.c. •Liquid Crystal Monitors
 REVISION : 01
• What is computer Graphics? How it is different
from Image Processing?
• Terminologies related to Computer Graphics like
Pixel, Resolution, Aspect ratio, Bitmap, Pixmap.
• Application of Computer Graphics.
NEXT CLASS
• Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)