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Computer 7

This document discusses key concepts related to information, communication, and technology. It defines information as processed data that adds to knowledge, and communication as the exchange of information through various methods including speaking, writing, and body language. Technology is defined as a species' use of tools and knowledge of crafts to adapt to their environment. The document then discusses how information technology and communication technology allow retrieval, storage, and sharing of information through various devices and systems.

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85 views

Computer 7

This document discusses key concepts related to information, communication, and technology. It defines information as processed data that adds to knowledge, and communication as the exchange of information through various methods including speaking, writing, and body language. Technology is defined as a species' use of tools and knowledge of crafts to adapt to their environment. The document then discusses how information technology and communication technology allow retrieval, storage, and sharing of information through various devices and systems.

Uploaded by

api-3764329
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is Information?

Information is the result of processing,


manipulating and organizing data in a way
that adds to the knowledge of the receiver.

•The concept of information is closely


related to notions of communication, data,
instruction, knowledge, meaning, mental
stimulus, perception, and representation
What is Communication?

Communication is a process that allows people to


exchange information by one of several methods.
There are auditory means, such as speaking or
singing, and nonverbal, physical means, such as body
language, sign language, paralanguage, touch or eye
contact.

•Communication happens at many levels (even for one


single action), in many different ways, and for all
beings, and some machines.
What is Technology?

Technology is a broad concept that deals with a


species' usage and knowledge of tools and crafts, and
how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt
to its environment

•Technology can refer to material objects of use to


humanity, such as machines, hardware or utensils, but
can also encompass broader themes, including systems,
methods of organization, and techniques.
Information Technology – term
used to describe computer
hardware and software that allows
the user to access, retrieve, store,
organize and manipulate
information.
Communication Technology – term
used to describe telecommunications
equipment through which information
can be sought and access.
Information and Communication Technology

ICT – combination of IT and CT because many


machines including computers allow the user to
communicate with other people and can retrieve
information.

•Communicating and Exchange of Information by


means of Technology.
ICT is often categorized into two broad types of product:

Traditional computer-based technologies (things


you can typically do on a personal computer or
using computers at home or at work).

Digital communication technologies (which allow


people and organizations to communicate and
share information digitally.)
Data and Information

Think of data as a "raw material" - it needs to be


processed before it can be turned into something
useful. Hence there is a need for "data processing".
Data comes in many forms - numbers, words,
symbols. Data relates to transactions, events and facts
on its own; it is not very useful.

Information is data that has been processed in such a


way as to be meaningful to the person who receives it.
What is a Computer?

A computer is an automatic, high speed,


digital, electronic data processing machine used
for performing program instructions to produce
the desired output.

It is fast and accurate manipulating system


that is designed and organized to accept and
store inputted data automatically, process and
produce output results under the direction of a
detailed step-by-step program of instructions.
Functions of Computer

•A computer accepts input – computer input is


whatever is put into a computer system. “Input”
means to feed information into a computer.

•A computer process data – process is a systematic


series of actions that a computer uses to manipulate
data.

•A computer stores data – computer must store data


so that it will be available for processing.

•A computer produces output – computer output is the


results produced by a computer.
Elements of a Computer
•Hardware – physical devices, tangible parts.
•Software – computer instructions, programs.
•Peopleware – computer users
•Data – raw facts

Components of Computer System


•Input Devices – data entry operations
•Output Devices – data result operations
•Processing Unit – data manipulation and control operations
•Storage Devices – data storage within the computer
•Secondary/Auxiliary Storage Devices – data storage using
auxiliary devices
Types of Computer According to Size

•Microcomputers
•Minicomputers
•Mainframe
•Super Computer

Types of Computer According to Function

•General Computer
•Special Computer

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