INVERSE

FUNCTIONS

General Mathematics
PRE-TEST
Instructions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write them on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following BEST describes a one-to-one function?
A. for any x1, x2 in the domain of f, then f(x1) = f(x2)
B. the same y-value is never paired with two different x-values
C. two elements in the domain of f corresponds to the same element in the range
D. each x in the domain has more than one image in the range
2. Which of the following relations show a real-life example of a one-to-one function?
A. a person to his citizenship
B. an airport to its code
C. a real number to its square
D. distance d (km) traveled along a jeepney route to the jeepney fare
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3. Which of the following is a one-to-one function? A. {(0,0), (1,1),
(2,8), (3,27), (4,64)} C. {(-1 , 2),(0 , 4),(2 , -4),(5 , 2),(10 , 4)}
B. {(1,1), (2,1), (3,1), (4,1), (5,1)} D. {(12 , 2),(15 , 4),(19 , -4),(25 ,
6),(78 , 2)}
4. Which of the following graphs show a one-to-one function?
A. B. C. D
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For questions 7-10, please refer to the graph shown below:
15
 •LESSON 13

ONE-TO-ONE
FUNCTIONS
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•At the end of this lesson, you
are expected to:
•orepresent real life situations
using one-to-one functions;
•odetermine the properties of
one-to-one functions; and
•oidentify one-to-one functions
using horizontal line test.
L E T ’ S H AV E A R E V I E W F I R S T B E F O R E W E S TA RT T H E L E S S O N .
R E V I E W T H E T E R M S A N D C O N C E P T S S H O W N B E L O W.

A function is a “special” kind of relation because it follows an extra rule.

Just like a relation, a function is also a set of ordered pairs; however, every x
value must be associated to only one y-value.

Vertical Line Test (VLT). This is a method to determine if the given relation
is a function by creating imaginary vertical lines across the graph. If the
vertical line can hit two or more points on the graph, it is not considered a
function.
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There are pairs of objects inside each set. Try to identify the
similarities of the pairs in each set. What makes Set A different from
Set B?
 •What
is a
ONE-TO-
ONE
FUNCTION?

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Definition: The function is one-to-one if for any x1, x2 in
the domain of f, then f(x1)≠f(x2). That is, the same y-value
is never paired with two different x-values (Versoza et al.,
General Mathematics Teaching Guide 2016).
Examples The table below shows real life situations showing a one-to-one function.
The table below shows real life
situations showing a non-one-to-
one function.
 •Graphs

of a One-
to-One
Function
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H O R I Z O N TA L L I N E T E S T A
FUNCTION IS ONE-TO-ONE
I F E A C H H O R I Z O N TA L
•A simple way to
LINE INTERSECTS THE
G R A P H AT E X A C T LY O N E determine if a given
P O I N T.
graph is that of a one-
to-one function is by
using the Horizontal
Line Test.

11 / 2 6 / 2 0 2 3 S a m p l e F o o t e r Te x t 21
•The Vertical and Horizontal Line Tests
•All functions satisfy the Vertical Line
Test. All one-to-one functions satisfy
both the Vertical and Horizontal Line
Test.
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NOW IT’S YOUR TURN!
Remember
 Lesson 14

INVERSE OF
ONE-TO-
ONE
FUNCTION
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 •Atthe end of this lesson,
you are expected to:
•odetermine the inverse of a
one-to-one function; and
•o identify the properties of
the inverse of a one-to-one
function.

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 •Inverting functions:
Consider the rule, table of
values and graph shown
below. If the values in the
domain and range will be
interchanged, how does this
affect the function? Is it
still a function? Let’s
investigate on the next
SLIDES!
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What is an INVERSE FUNCTION?
A function has an inverse if and only if it is one-to-
one.
34
S a m p l e F o o t e r Te x t 36
NOW IT’S YOUR TURN!
Instructions: Find the inverse of the function and write the letter of the inverse in the box
above the number of the given function. Show your solutions on a separate sheet of paper.
Remember
LESSON
15 •Graphs

of Inverse
Functions
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 •Atthe end of this lesson,
you are expected to:
•orepresent an inverse
function through its
graph; and
•ofind the domain and
range of an inverse
function.

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 •Let’srecall the important
terms and concepts you’ve
learned in the previous
lesson such as one-to-one
function, finding the inverse
function and properties of
inverse function.

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Copy and complete the drawings by sketching the
reflection of the figure across the line y=x.
 •• Verify if the given graph is a one-
to-one function by using the
horizontal line test. If the horizontal
line touches the graph only once,

GRAPHING then the function is one-to-one.

••The graph of the inverse of a one-

INVERSE to-one function can be drawn by

reflecting the graph about the line
y=x.
FUNCTIONS 46
Example 1: Graph the inverse of the function, f (x)=3x-2 with domain {x|-1≤ 𝑥≤2} as shown below.
(a) What is the range of f (x)?
(b) What is the domain and range of its inverse?

Solution:
Step1: Draw the reflection of the
restricted graph f (x)=3x-2 with
domain {x|-1≤𝑥≤2} across the
line y=x.
 (a)The range of the original function can be
determined by the inspection of the graph.
The range is {f(x) ∈ R| -5≤𝑓(𝑥)≤4}.

(b) The domain and range of the inverse

function can also be determined by
inspection of the graph. b.1 The domain of
the inverse is {x ∈ R| -5≤𝑥≤4}. b.2 The
range of the inverse is {y ∈ R| -1≤𝑦≤2}.

Step2: Determine the values of the range of the original

function and the domain and range of the inverse function by
inspecting the graph above.
(c) Find the graph of its inverse.
 REMEMBER

••The graph of the inverse of a one-to-one function can

be drawn by reflecting the graph about the line y=x.
••The domain of the inverse is the range of the original
function, and that the range f of the inverse is the
domain of the original function.
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