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LANWAN Networking An Overview

This document provides an overview of LAN/WAN networking, including defining different network types like LANs, MANs, and WANs. It discusses the history and evolution of these networks from the 1960s to present. It also describes various methods for integrating LANs and WANs, such as using bridges, routers, gateways, and switches. The document concludes with introducing the basics of network design.

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20 views

LANWAN Networking An Overview

This document provides an overview of LAN/WAN networking, including defining different network types like LANs, MANs, and WANs. It discusses the history and evolution of these networks from the 1960s to present. It also describes various methods for integrating LANs and WANs, such as using bridges, routers, gateways, and switches. The document concludes with introducing the basics of network design.

Uploaded by

hasan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LAN/WAN Networking:

An Overview
Chapter 1
Learning Objectives
Define and identify the different types of networks
Describe the history of LANs and WANs
Discuss LAN and WAN integration, including the
basic functions of bridges, routers, gateways, and
switches
Describe network protocol integration methods
Explain the preparatory steps of network design
Computer Network
System of computers, print devices, and
computer software linked by
communications cabling or radio waves
Typically classified according to:
Reach and complexity
Protocols and topologies
Network Communication
Network Types Defined
Local area networks
Metropolitan area networks
Wide area networks
Local Area Network (LAN)
Series of interconnected computers, printing
devices, and other computer equipment that
share hardware and software resources
Service area usually limited to a given
office area, floor, or building
Example of a LAN
Metropolitan Area Network
Links multiple LANs in a large city or
metropolitan region
Typically uses fiber-optic connections
Example of a MAN
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Far-reaching system of networks that
usually extends over 30 miles and often
reaches across states and continents
Network Classification
Enterprise network
Combination of LANs, MANs, or WANs that
provides users with an array of computer and
network resources to complete different tasks
Enterprise Network
Identifying a Network Type
Communications medium
Wire cable, fiber-optic cable, radio waves, microwaves
Protocol
How networked data is formatted into discrete units
How each unit is transmitted and interpreted
Topology
Physical layout of cable and logical path
Network type
Private versus public
Events that Led up to LANs
and WANs
1800s 1900s
Oersted Transcontinental and transatlantic
calls
Morse
Voice digitization
Undersea cable
Electronic digital computers
Pony Express Transistors
Bell Sputnik
Communications satellites
ASCII
Mass-produced minicomputers
LAN/WAN History: 1960s
First WAN
Hypertext
Use of fiber optics for phone signals
Beginning of ARPANET
Packets and packet switching
UNIX
Telecommunications equipment
First IMP prototype
LAN/WAN History: 1970s
Ethernet Telecommunications
ARPANET - 15 sites conversion from
E-mail analog to digital
Terminal emulation X.25
First wireless gateway
International
connections to Internet Protocol
ARPANET LSI and VLSI chips
ICCB
LAN/WAN History: 1980s
BITNET Internetwork hosts
IBM’s PC 5,000 in 1986
Dial-up modem 100,000 in 1989
technology “Cyberspace”
TCP and IP adopted as T-carrier services
protocol suite for NFSNET
ARPANET Desktop authoring and
First PC LAN multimedia
Arrival of Internet SNMP
LAN/WAN History: 1990s
ARPANET retired
SS7 technology
NSFNET opened to commercial use
First cyberbank
Internet service providers
Over 16 million Internet hosts
LAN/WAN History: 2000s
IPv6 used for Internet2 backbone
communications
Video and radio capability
Prices of 1-Gbps devices fall as competition
increases
LAN/WAN Integration
1960s-1980s
Direct connection to host mainframe using
Systems Network Architecture (SNA)
communications protocol
Networks
Allow connections to many devices
Enable distributed client/server computing
Using SNA to Directly
Connect without a Network
LAN/WAN Integration
Becoming more advanced through
networking devices
Bridges
Routers
Gateways
Switches
Bridges
Connect different LANs or LAN segments
using the same access method
Routers
Connect networks having the same or
different access methods and media
Forward packets and frames to networks by
using a decision-making process based on:
Routing table data
Discovery of most efficient routes
Preprogrammed information from network
administrator
Routers
Gateways
Enable communications between two
different types of networked systems
Gateways
Switches
Link network
segments
Forward and filter
frames between
segments
Integrating Data Between
LANs and WANs
Translation
Encapsulation
LAN emulation (LANE)
Network Design Introduction
How networks work in terms of protocols, access
methods, and topologies
Physical equipment used in LANs and WANs
Basic network design principles
Using structured wiring and structured networking
techniques
Designing for multimedia and client/server applications
Taking advantage of LAN and WAN device
characteristics

continued…
Network Design Introduction
Assess characteristics of the organization that
affect network design
Types and locations of computers
Software applications and resources required
Business patterns
High and low network use periods
Designing to facilitate troubleshooting
Type of security required
Anticipated growth
Chapter Summary
Basic networking terms and concepts
History and evolution of local and wide
area networking technologies
Different methods of integrating short and
long distance information networks
How to prepare for designing networks

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