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G10 Math Q1 - Week 7 - Synthetic and Long Division

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37 views

G10 Math Q1 - Week 7 - Synthetic and Long Division

Uploaded by

Jerick Paltong
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Objective

performs division of polynomials


using long division and synthetic
division. (M10AL-Ig-1)
Polynomial long division is a method for
dividing a polynomial by another polynomials
of a lower degree. It is very similar to dividing
numbers.
Example 1: Using Long Division to Divide a
Polynomial

Divide using long division.


(–y2 + 2y3 + 25) ÷ (y – 3)

Step 1 Write the dividend in standard form, including


terms with a coefficient of 0.
2y3 – y2 + 0y + 25

Step 2 Write division in the same way you would


when dividing numbers.

y – 3 2y3 – y2 + 0y + 25
Step 3 Divide.

2y2+ 5y + 15
y – 3 2y3 – y2 + 0y + 25
–(2y3 – 6y2)
5y2 + 0y
–(5y2 – 15y)
15y + 25
–(15y – 45)

70
Step 4 Write the final answer.

–y2 + 2y3 + 25 70
= 2y + 5y + 15 +
2
y–3 y–3
Divide using long division.
(15x2 + 8x – 12) ÷ (3x + 1)
Divide using long division.
(x2 + 5x – 28) ÷ (x – 3)
Synthetic division is a
shorthand method of dividing a
polynomial by a linear binomial
by using only the coefficients.
For synthetic division to work,
the polynomial must be written
in standard form, using 0 and a
coefficient for any missing terms,
and the divisor must be in the
form (x – a).
Using Synthetic Division to Divide by a Linear
Binomial

Divide using synthetic division.


(3x4 – x3 + 5x – 1) ÷ (x + 2)

Step 1 Find a.
a = –2 For (x + 2), a = –2.

Step 2 Write the coefficients and a in the synthetic


division format.

–2 3 – 1 0 5 –1 Use 0 for the coefficient


of x2.
Example 2B Continued

Step 3 Bring down the first coefficient. Then


multiply and add for each column.

–2 3 –1 0 5 –1 Draw a box around the


–6 14 –28 46 remainder, 45.
3 –7 14 –23 45

Step 4 Write the quotient.


45 Write the remainder over
3x – 7x + 14x – 23 +
3 2
x+2 the divisor.
Divide using synthetic division.
(6x2 – 5x – 6) ÷ (x + 3)

Step 1 Find a.

a = –3 For (x + 3), a = –3.

Step 2 Write the coefficients and a in the synthetic


division format.

–3 6 –5 –6 Write the coefficients of 6x2 – 5x – 6.


Step 3 Bring down the first coefficient. Then
multiply and add for each column.

–3 6 –5 –6 Draw a box around the


–18 69 remainder, 63.
6 –23 63

Step 4 Write the quotient.


63 Write the remainder over
6x – 23 +
x+3 the divisor.
Divide using synthetic division.
(x2 – 3x – 18) ÷ (x – 6)
You can use synthetic division to evaluate polynomials.
This process is called synthetic substitution. The
process of synthetic substitution is exactly the same as
the process of synthetic division, but the final answer is
interpreted differently, as described by the Remainder
Theorem.
Example 3A: Using Synthetic Substitution
Use synthetic substitution to evaluate the
polynomial for the given value.

P(x) = 2x3 + 5x2 – x + 7 for x = 2.


2 2 5 –1 7 Write the coefficients of
4 18 34 the dividend. Use a = 2.
2 9 17 41
P(2) = 41

Check Substitute 2 for x in P(x) = 2x3 + 5x2 – x + 7.


P(2) = 2(2)3 + 5(2)2 – (2) + 7
P(2) = 41 
Use synthetic substitution to evaluate the
polynomial for the given value.

P(x) = x3 + 3x2 + 4 for x = –3.


Use synthetic substitution to evaluate the
polynomial for the given value.

P(x) = 5x2 + 9x + 3 for x = -2 .


Lesson Quiz
1. Divide by using long division. 33
(8x3 + 6x2 + 7) ÷ (x + 2) 8x2 – 10x + 20 –
x+2

2. Divide by using synthetic division.


(x3 – 3x + 5) ÷ (x + 2)
3
x – 2x + 1 +
2
x+2

3. Use synthetic substitution to evaluate


P(x) = x3 + 3x2 – 6 for x = 5 and x = –1.
194; –4
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