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Code Design For Relay Channels: Behnaam Aazhang

This document discusses code design for relay channels. It proposes using low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes that can operate in both broadcast and multiple access modes. The codes would have a structural relationship where the source-relay code used in broadcast mode is a subgraph of the source-destination code used in multiple access mode. This allows for joint optimization of the degree profiles to satisfy additional constraints. Challenges include achieving high rates for the source-relay link while maintaining low rates for the source-destination link. Estimation and forwarding is also proposed where the relay transmits an estimate of the information to provide side information to the destination.

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Aniket Kumar
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54 views

Code Design For Relay Channels: Behnaam Aazhang

This document discusses code design for relay channels. It proposes using low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes that can operate in both broadcast and multiple access modes. The codes would have a structural relationship where the source-relay code used in broadcast mode is a subgraph of the source-destination code used in multiple access mode. This allows for joint optimization of the degree profiles to satisfy additional constraints. Challenges include achieving high rates for the source-relay link while maintaining low rates for the source-destination link. Estimation and forwarding is also proposed where the relay transmits an estimate of the information to provide side information to the destination.

Uploaded by

Aniket Kumar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Code Design for Relay Channels

Behnaam Aazhang

Credits
Arnab Chakrabarti Alexandre de Baynast Ashutosh Sabharwal

Basic Idea
Network-Channel Explore all available dimensions
Signal Space Network R S X1

U2 D D

U1

Focus
The gap
Information theory results Algorithms
Protocols Synchronization--CSI Coding

Implementation S S

Assumptions
Power constraint tPS BC + (1 t )( PS MAC + PRMAC ) P AWGN channels with collinear path loss

SR
Source X1 h12

1 1 = , RD = , SD = 1 d (1 d )
Z0 h10 Destination

Y 0= h10 X1+ h20 X2+ Z0


Z1 X2 h20 Relay

Y1 = h12 X1+ Z1

Assumptions
Fading
AWGN relay codes could be used! Channel (network) state information
Power control [Ahmed, et. al. 04] Rate control [Ahmed, et. al. 05]

Relay Operation
Full duplex Half duplex
Relay will not receive and transmit same time and same frequency band
Multiple access Broadcast

R S

1st time slot

2nd time slot

Relay Function
Fixed relaying
Decode and forward Estimate and forward Amplify and forward

Decode

Adaptive relaying
Selection Incremental

Not to decode

Relay Channel
Achievable rates
BSC, DMC, Binary AWGN, AWGN, fading

Code design
Turbo, LDPC Convolutional with CRC S X1
Y1 R X2

D Y0

Coding for Relay Channels


BC mode
Relay can decode Destination may not

MAC mode
Relay re-encodes/transmits Source transmits
New information Repeats previous information

Destination decodes

correlation

Low SNR: Stay with Binary


Binary relay

Lessons at Low SNR


Binary Coding Half duplex Correlation 1

LDPC
Binary linear block codes
Information vector u is 1xK Code vector c is 1xn The kxn generator G produces codes c=uG Sparse parity check matrix HcT=0

LDPC on bipartite graph


Variable nodes Check nodes

LDPC
Codes with sparse parity-check nodes
Cycles Belief propagation

Degree profiles
Large n, only the distribution of node degrees determines performance

Coding Methodology
Variable nodes for BC mode Variable nodes sent by R for MAC mode

Check nodes for BC mode SR code Additional check nodes for BC mode SD code

Check nodes for relay MAC code

Variable nodes sent by S for MAC mode

Check nodes for source MAC code

LDPC Codes
Structural relationship between
SR code in BC SD code in MAC
SR subgraph of SD

Joint optimization of degree profiles for the two codes


Additional constraints on degree distributions
Check nodes Variable nodes

Modified density evolution.

LDPC Codes for Relay


Modeling the densities of messages in belief propagation
Gaussians

Noise thresholds Code profiles

Low rate

Beamforming

High rate

First phase of successive decoding

More iterations

Challenges
SR link in BC mode high rate
Check node large degree

SD link in MAC mode low rate


Check node smaller degree
Variable nodes for BC mode

Subgraph

Check nodes for BC mode SR code Additional check nodes for BC mode SD code

Challenges
Belief propagation
Speed of convergence Variance of degree profile

Reliability factor in messages


Weighted belief propagation

TAP: A Mesh Network

Research Platform

Board at Work

Progress
RF board--Daughtercard
2.4GHz ISM band Half duplex

Baseband processing board


FPGA basedmodular Front end
Single carrier and OFDM

LDPC coding and decoding


Coherent combing! Superposition decoding!

Estimate and Forward


Relay transmits an estimate of information in MAC mode Destination decodes SD in MAC mode with side information

Estimate and Forward


Side information for D
Vector quantization LDPC

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