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Vectors

Vectors have both magnitude and direction, while scalars only have magnitude. Vectors can be added by drawing them head to tail or using mathematical methods. When adding forces that act at the same time on an object, the parallelogram method can also be used. Equilibrium occurs when the vectors sum to zero, resulting in no net force. A vector can be resolved into its horizontal and vertical components.

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278 views

Vectors

Vectors have both magnitude and direction, while scalars only have magnitude. Vectors can be added by drawing them head to tail or using mathematical methods. When adding forces that act at the same time on an object, the parallelogram method can also be used. Equilibrium occurs when the vectors sum to zero, resulting in no net force. A vector can be resolved into its horizontal and vertical components.

Uploaded by

api-3755159
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Vectors

• Scalar quantities vs Vector


quantities
• Scalars are quantities only
with a magnitude (size)
• Vectors are quantities with
both magnitude and
direction
Scalars Vectors
distance displacement
speed velocity
 
force
 
weight
 
momentum
 
acceleration
 
time
 
money
 
mass
The difference between
vectors and scalars
• A) Scalars are added numerically while
Vectors are added either graphically or
mathematically
• B) Vectors have a direction (head of the
arrow) and a magnitude (size) while scalars
only have a magnitude (size).
• C) Vectors act independently of each other.
• D) Vectors can be added in any order.
How to Add Vectors
• Head to tail method, either draw to
scale or solve mathematically.
• Ex) d1 = 3 m East and d2 = 4 m East

d1 d2
3m 4m
How to Add Vectors
• The resultant is the line from where you
start to where you finish.
• Ex) d1 = 3 m East and d2 = 4 m East
• The resultant is 7 m East.

7m

3m 4m
How to Add Vectors
• 5 m South and 4 m North
• distance = 9 m
• displacement = 1 m South
How to Add Vectors
• Ex) d1 = 300 m North d2 = 400 m East

d1

d2
How to Add Vectors
• Ex
d1 + d2 = d3

d1
d3

d2
How to Add Vectors
• Ex
d1 + d2 = d3 The
resultant is
how many
d1 degrees
d3
North of
East?
?
d2
Vector Addition of Forces
• Force vectors add the same as other vectors
– head to tail. But since they are acting
concurrently(acting on the same point at the
same time) you could use the parallelogram
method . F1 = 40 N East F2 = 30 N South
F1

F2
Vector Addition of Forces
• Force vectors add the same as other vectors
– head to tail. But since they are acting
concurrently(acting on the same point at the
same time) you could use the parallelogram
method . F1 = 40 N East F2 = 30 N South
F1

F2 We know the
resultant must be to
the SouthEast.
Equilibrium of Forces
• If two or more force vectors add to zero, the object
has no net force.
• When two forces act on a point and their sum is not
zero, there can be found a force which will produce
an equilibrium. This is the Equilibrant Force.
• To find the equilibrant force, find the resultant
force of the two or more concurrent forces and the
equilibrant force is equal in magnitude but opposite
in direction to the resultant force.
Resolving a Vector into its
components
• 100 km 60 degrees North of East
Resolving a Vector into its
components
• 100 km 60 degrees North of East = resultant
Resolving a Vector into its
components
• 100 km 60 degrees North of East = resultant

d1 = 69 km North

d2 = 50 km East
Resolve a Vector
• An airplane flies 30 °
East of South at 200
m/s.
• a) Draw the velocity
vector for the
airplane
Resolve a Vector
• An airplane flies 30 °
East of South at 200 m/s.
• a) Draw the velocity
vector for the airplane
• b) How fast is the plane
flying south?
Resolve a Vector
• An airplane flies 30 °
East of South at 200 m/s.
• b) How fast is the plane
flying south?
Ans. - 170 m/s South
• c) How fast is the plane
flying East?
Resolve a Vector
• An airplane flies 30°
East of South at 200
m/s.
• c) How fast is the plane
flying East?
• Ans. 100 m/s East

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