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Module 2 Lesson 2.4 Mixture - Separation - 090054

This document discusses 9 different methods for separating mixtures: mechanical separation, magnetic separation, filtration, decanting, distillation, evaporation, density separation, centrifugation, and chromatography. Each method takes advantage of different physical properties like size, magnetism, state of matter, density, boiling point, or molecular polarity to separate components of a mixture. Examples are given to illustrate how each technique can be used.

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34 views

Module 2 Lesson 2.4 Mixture - Separation - 090054

This document discusses 9 different methods for separating mixtures: mechanical separation, magnetic separation, filtration, decanting, distillation, evaporation, density separation, centrifugation, and chromatography. Each method takes advantage of different physical properties like size, magnetism, state of matter, density, boiling point, or molecular polarity to separate components of a mixture. Examples are given to illustrate how each technique can be used.

Uploaded by

bigcas.ariana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Methods of Mixture Separation

Module 2 Lesson 2.4

Prof. Princess Lydia S. Fuentes


Course Facilitator
REVIEW
1) What is a mixture?
2) What is a homogeneous and
heterogeneous mixtures?
Methods of Mixture Separation
1) Mechanical Separation (often by hand)
takes advantage of physical properties
such as color and shape.

Example: Recycling Plastic, Paper, Metal


Methods of Mixture Separation
2) Magnetic Separation takes advantage of
the physical property of magnetism.

Example:
Separating Metals in
a Scrap Yard
Magnetic Separation Example

◎ Turbo Beads Animation


◎ This video clip illustrate how tiny
(nanoparticle size) magnetic beads called
Turbo Beads can be used to separate
dissolved impurities (magnetic chemical
compounds) from water.
◎ https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=vlGQ6wd8_Jk
Methods of Mixture Separation
3) Filtration takes
advantage of the
physical
property of the
state of matter.
A screen lets the
liquid particles
through, but
traps the solid
particles.
Example: Filtering Coffee, Spaghetti
A filter can
also be used
to separate
solid
particles of
different
sizes.
(ex. a window
screen, an air
filter, a sand
sieve)
Methods of Mixture Separation
4) Decanting:
To pour off a
liquid, leaving
another liquid or
solid behind.
Takes advantage
of differences in
density.

Example: To decant a liquid from a precipitate


or water from rice.
Methods of Mixture Separation
5 ) Distillation: The
separation of a
mixture of
liquids based
on the physical
property of
boiling point.

Example: the distillation of alcohol or oil


Distillation Animation

◎ This animation shows how two liquids


dissolved together can be separated by
distillation at their respective and different
boiling points.
◎ http://www.footprints-science.co.uk/
index.php?
module=2&type=Distillation&section=Secti
on1&info=10
A distillation tower or “still” used in
crude oil refining
Methods of Mixture Separation

6) Evaporation:
Vaporizing a
liquid and
leaving the
dissolved
solid(s) behind.
Used to
separate salt
solutions.

Example: Obtaining sea salt from sea water evaporation ponds


Methods of Mixture Separation

7) Density Separation:

More dense components


sink to the bottom and
less dense components
float. The components
cannot be soluble within
each other.
Methods of Mixture Separation

8) Centrifuge:
Circular motion
helps denser
components
sink to the
bottom faster.

Examples: The separation of blood or DNA from blood


DNA Separation Animation

◎ This video animation explains how DNA is


separated out of blood. Centrifuging is
used multiple times in the process.
◎ http://mmia.iupui.edu/application/files/
dna_isolation_rev.swf
◎ https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=8cYvyYOjzOc
Methods of Mixture Separation

9) Paper
chromatography:
Uses the property of
molecular attraction
(molecular polarity) to
separate a mixture.
Different molecules have
varying molecular
attractions for the paper
(the stationary phase) vs.
the solvent (the mobile
phase)
Example: the separation of
plant pigments and dyes
Chromatography Animation

◎ This animation shows how the different


molecular components of a mixture are
separated out based upon their varying
molecular attractions for the mobile phase
(a solvent like water) and the stationary
phase (like paper or resin beads).
◎ https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=0m8bWKHmRMM
Methods of Mixture Separation
10) Fractional
Crystallization:
Dissolved
substances
crystallize out of a
solution once their
solubility limit is
reached as
the solution cools.

Examples: Growing Rock Candy or the Crystallization of a


Magma Chamber
QUIZ
Password: Mixtures

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