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Evaluation, Control of Hazards and Risks

The document discusses various standard safety measures for healthcare workers including handwashing, use of personal protective equipment, cleaning and disinfecting surfaces, electrical and fire safety, and waste management. It also covers evaluating hazards and risks, controlling hazards and risks through methods like elimination, substitution, and use of personal protective equipment, and establishing protocols for workplace emergencies.

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Princess Ann
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54 views30 pages

Evaluation, Control of Hazards and Risks

The document discusses various standard safety measures for healthcare workers including handwashing, use of personal protective equipment, cleaning and disinfecting surfaces, electrical and fire safety, and waste management. It also covers evaluating hazards and risks, controlling hazards and risks through methods like elimination, substitution, and use of personal protective equipment, and establishing protocols for workplace emergencies.

Uploaded by

Princess Ann
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Evaluation,

Control of
Hazards and
Risks
PRINCESS ANN B. ESPIRITU
Standard Safety
Measures
 As a health care worker, safety measures at
work is essential to carry out care services,
and at the same time to protect oneself and
the patient. It entails infection prevention to
all patient care. Regardless of the status –
confirmed or suspected – to any healthcare
setting. In other words, precautionary
activities are taken to improve safety and
avoid contacting and spreading of infection.
A. HandWashing Hand washing is the most
important measure to prevent the spread of
infections among patients and healthcare
workers.
Always wash your hands:
a. Before and after you eat or cook.
b. Before and after contact with a patient.
c. Before and after interacting with body fluid.
d. After you cough, sneeze, or blow your nose.
e. After changing a diaper.
f. After wound dressing.
g. After handling garbage.
h. After using the toilet.
 B. Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
-PPE protects the healthcare worker against
disease-causing microorganisms.
-It safeguards by preventing the transmission
of contaminants to and from hands, eyes,
hairs, nose, and other exposed body parts.
-Personal protective equipment (PPE)
equipment that is worn to minimize
healthcare
C. Cleaning and Disinfecting Environmental
Surfaces
Cleaning and disinfecting of the
surroundings are important in promoting care
and wellness. Cleaning is a process of removing
unwanted matter, such as dirt, infectious
agents, contaminants, and pollutants. According
to Pharmaceutical Microbiology (2016),
Disinfecting is a process of killing
microorganisms to a certain level.
D. Electrical and Fire Safety
Safety must also not be compromised while
working with electricity. It is crucial to take safety
precautionary measures to any activities which
involved electricity that will cause fire.
1. Nevertouch or try repairing any electrical
equipment or circuits with wet hands.
2. Donot use equipment with damaged insulation,
broken plugs, and torn cord.
3. Put
up a sign on the service panel, so that
nobody would turn on the switch accidentally.
4. Use insulated tools while working.
5. Try to look for a warning sign on every device
stating, “Shock Risk”, follow the safety rules by
the electrical code.
6. Use rubber gloves and goggles while working
on any electrical circuit.
7. Do not repair energized equipment.
8. Be knowledgeable of your country’s wire
code.
E. Waste Management
Proper healthcare waste disposal is
important because there are wastes that are
hazardous to health such as physical, chemical,
and biological hazards as well as psychosocial
and ergonomic. It can also possibly contaminate
the environment. Improper handling of these
wastes can unfortunately lead to the
transmission of diseases.
Healthcare Waste Management
Hierarchy
 According to the DOH, the best way to prevent the
generation of waste and reduce the quantity of
waste is by prevention and reduction through safe
use, recycling, and recovery methods. The ideal
waste minimization is from Prevention to Recovery.
Those steps are the best practice to manage waste.
Treatment and disposal should be the resort when
all else fails.
Green Procurement
Green procurement is the prevention and
reduction of waste at source. It has more
economic and environmental benefits since it
cuts waste production right at the source. One
perfect initiative is where the purchased goods
should have minimal packaging.
Resource Development (3R’s)
a. Reuse – it is the repeated use of a certain good
again and again. This also promotes that consumers
should use a product that can be used again and
again rather than a one-time use product and
materials.
b. Recycle – it is the reuse of products or materials
that first underwent processing to become a new
product. Examples of recyclable materials are
plastics, papers, metals, etc.
c. Recovery – it means energy recovery, such as that
waste is converted into fuels that can generate
electricity.
End of Pipe

a. Treatment – waste treatment is the process of


minimizing the potential to cause harm to a
certain biological or chemical matter by
changing its nature.
b. b.Disposal – the deposit of waste into air,
land, or water.
Evaluating
Hazard and Risk
Caregivers, just like any other workers, will be
protected from workplace hazards, injuries,
illnesses, and other unfortunate incidents when
there are an effective hazard and risk control
implementation. It also ensures that employers
provide a safe working space conditions to their
workers.
Risk evaluation comes next once a risk and/or
hazard is identified. Risk assessment is the
process of assessing risks to workers' safety and
health from any workplace hazards. There are
five steps to properly evaluate and assess hazard
and risk:

1. Identify the hazard that causes harm.


2. Decide who may be harmed, and how.
3. Examine the risks and make an action.
4. Document the findings including the whole
details of the circumstances and the action
taken. This documentation will be used for the
adaption of future working practices to avoid the
same harm.

5. Review the risk assessment,


• To ensure that agreed safe working
practices continue to be applied
• To take into consideration to new working
conditions.
Controlling
Hazard and Risk
Controlling exposures to occupational hazards is
necessary for protecting healthcare workers.
The hierarchy of controls has been the means to
reduce and control possible hazards.
1. Eliminate the hazard
Eliminates the risk of exposure to hazard and/or
removing the hazard completely.

2. Substitute the hazard with a lesser risk


It is a way of exchanging a hazardous chemical into a
non-dangerous or lesser dangerous none. Though it does not
always guarantee the entire removal of the hazard or may
have the possibility of introducing a new one, however, it
could lessen the harm it could bring.
3. Engineering Controls
It is a process in which there is physical
modification such as removing equipment or
installation of new equipment to contain the hazard
away from the workers.
4. Signage/warnings and/or Administrative controls
There is an adherence to Standard Operating
Procedures (SOP) or strictly following the safe work
practice protocols. Providing appropriate training to
workers, flexible working conditions, and complete
orientation on equipment operation are examples of
administrative control.
5. Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Establishing
Protocols in
Workplace
Emergencies
A workplace emergency is either natural or man-made that
threatens workers, customers, or the public; disrupts or
shuts down operations, or causes physical or environmental
damage.
 Emergencies and disasters would most likely occur when we
least expect it and cause untimely injuries and illnesses.
 Properplanning before an emergency is necessary to respond
effectively.
Examples are tornadoes, earthquakes, floods, wildfires, winter
weather, chemical spills or releases, disease outbreaks,
releases of biological agents, explosions involving nuclear or
radiological sources, and many other hazards.
Workplace Emergency Categories
1. Naturalemergencies - Natural emergencies are
sudden events that involve geological
processes that cause damage; it often occurs
without warning.
a. Earthquake - a sudden and intense shaking of
the ground due to some of the geological
processes within the earth’s crust.
b. Flood- an enormous rising and overflowing of
a body of water onto dry land.

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