Scribd
Upload
17 views10 pages

Topic 2 - Title 8 - SUPPORT SYSTEM AND LOCOMOTION

The document discusses the human skeletal and muscular systems. It describes three types of skeletons found in nature and outlines the key functions of the human skeleton, which is divided into the axial and appendicular parts. Joints are classified as immovable, slightly movable, or freely movable synovial joints. Muscles work in antagonistic pairs to flex and extend joints. Skeletal muscles are composed of fibers containing contractile myofibrils of actin and myosin.

Uploaded by

SN10621 Lim En Yu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
17 views10 pages

Topic 2 - Title 8 - SUPPORT SYSTEM AND LOCOMOTION

The document discusses the human skeletal and muscular systems. It describes three types of skeletons found in nature and outlines the key functions of the human skeleton, which is divided into the axial and appendicular parts. Joints are classified as immovable, slightly movable, or freely movable synovial joints. Muscles work in antagonistic pairs to flex and extend joints. Skeletal muscles are composed of fibers containing contractile myofibrils of actin and myosin.

Uploaded by

SN10621 Lim En Yu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

SUPPORT SYSTEM AND

LOCOMOTION
Diversity of Skeleton
• Three types of skeleton are found in the animal kingdom :
1.Hydrostatic skeleton (cnidarians, flatworms and segmented
worms)
2.Exoskeleton (certain molluscs and arthropods)
3.Endoskeleton (vetebrates)
• The rigid but jointed skeleton of arthropods and vetebrates helped
them colonize the terrestrial environment.
The human skeletal system
The human skeleton :
1.Gives support to the body
2.Helps protect internal organs
3.Provides sites for muscles attachment
4.Storage area for calcium and phosphorous salts
5.A site for blood cell formation
The human skeleton is divided into two parts:
1.The axial skeleton which made up of the skull, the ribs, the sternum
and the vertebrae
2.The appendicula skeleton which composed of the girdles and their
appendages
• Joints are classified as immovable like those of the cranium, slightly
movable like those between vertebrae and freely movable or synovial
joints like those in the knee and hip
• In synovial joints, ligament bind the two bones together, forming a
capsule in which there is synovial fluid.
The human muscular system
• Whole skeletal muscle can only shorten when they contract;
therefore they work in antagonistic pairs.
• For example, if one muscle flexes the joint and brings the limb toward
the body, the other one extends the joint and straightens the limb.
• A muscle at rest exhibits tone dependent on tetanic contractions.
• A whole skeletal muscle is composed of muscle fibers
• Each muscle fiber is a cell that contain myofibrils in addition to the
usual cellular components
• Longitudinally, myofibrils are divided into sarcomeres which display
the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments.

You might also like