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Series Sequence

This document provides an overview of sequences and series in pre-calculus. It defines what a sequence and series are, and introduces arithmetic and geometric sequences. Formulas are given for the nth term and sum of n terms for arithmetic and geometric sequences. Examples of finding common differences, common ratios, specific terms, and sums of terms are worked out. The document aims to explain the basic concepts and calculations involving sequences and series.

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Lance Creon P Lucero
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8 views21 pages

Series Sequence

This document provides an overview of sequences and series in pre-calculus. It defines what a sequence and series are, and introduces arithmetic and geometric sequences. Formulas are given for the nth term and sum of n terms for arithmetic and geometric sequences. Examples of finding common differences, common ratios, specific terms, and sums of terms are worked out. The document aims to explain the basic concepts and calculations involving sequences and series.

Uploaded by

Lance Creon P Lucero
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Notre Dame of Tacurong College

Senior High School Department


City of Tacurong

PRE-CALCULUS

FRANKLIN B. FLORES
Sequences &
Series
What is Sequence?

is a function whose domain is the finite


set (1, 2, 3,…,n) or the infinite set of
positive integers (1, 2, 3, 4,…). Is a list
of numbers (separated by commas).
USING AND WRITING SEQUENCES

n
DOMAIN: 1 2 3 4 5 The domain gives
the relative position
of each term.

an
RANGE: 3 6 9 12 15 The range gives the
terms of the
sequence.

where an represents the nth term of the sequence.


What is Series?

represents the sum of the terms of a


sequence. Sum of numbers
(separated by “+” or “-” sign).
Arithmetic Sequence

– is a sequence in which term after the


first is obtained by adding a constant
(called the common difference) to the
preceding term.
Symbols and Formula for Arithmetic Sequence
= first term d = common difference

= nth term = Sum of n terms

n = number of terms

nth term of arithmetic sequence → = + (n - 1) d

Sum of n terms of arithmetic sequence → = d


Practice Solve
a.) 1, 4, 7, 10,…
Find the common Formula: = + (n - 1) d
difference each arithmetic
sequence.
10 = 1 + (4 – 1)d 7 = 1 + (3 – 1)d
10 = 1 + (3)d 7 = 1 + (2)d
a.) 1, 4, 7, 10,… d=3
10 - 1= 3d 7 - 1 = 2d
9 = 3d 6 = 2d
b.) 10, 5, 0, -5,…
= =
c.) -5, -3, -1, 1,… 3=d 3=d
Practice Solve
Find the common b.) 10, 5, 0, -5,…
difference each arithmetic Formula: = + (n - 1) d
sequence.
0 = 10 + (3 – 1)d
a.) 1, 4, 7, 10,… d=3 0 = 10 + (2)d
-10 = 2d
b.) 10, 5, 0, -5,… d = -5 =
-5 = d
c.) -5, -3, -1, 1, d=2
Practice Solve d.) 2, 5, 8, 11,…
Formula: = + (n - 1) d
Find the 20th, and 100th
term of the following:
11 = 2 + (4 – 1)d = 2 + (20 - 1) 3
11 = 2 + (3)d = 2 + (19) 3
d.) 2, 5, 8, 11,…
11 - 2 = 3d = 2 + 57
= 59 = 299
9 = 3d = 59
e.) 8, 3, -2, -7,… =
3=d = 2 + (100 - 1) 3
d = -5
= 2 + (99) 3
= -87 = 2 + 297
= -487 = 299
Practice Solve f.) = 301
Formula: = + (n - 1) d
In the arithmetic
sequence 4, 7, 10, 13,…,
which term has a value 13 = 4 + (4 – 1)d 301 = 4 + (n - 1) 3
of the following: 13 = 4 + (3)d 301 = 4 + 3n – 3
13 - 4 = 3d 301 – 4 + 3 = 3n
f.) = 301
9 = 3d 300 = 3n
n = 100
= =
3=d 100 = n
g.) = 151

n = 50
Practice Solve
h.) = 38, d = -3
Find the first term () of the Formula: = + (n - 1) d
following arithmetic
sequence:
38 = + (15 – 1)(-3)
h.) = 38, d = -3 38 = + (14) (-3)
= 80 38 = + (-42)
38 = - 42
i.) = 139, d = 4 38 + 42 =
80 =
=3
Practice Solve
j.) 25, 17, 9, 1,…,
Find the Sum of n terms of Formula: = d
the following arithmetic
sequence:
= (-8)
j.) 25, 17, 9, 1,…, = (50 + 19) (-8)
= (69) (-8)
𝐒𝟐𝟎=−𝟓𝟓𝟐𝟎 = (690)(-8)
= (690)(-8)
k.) -15, -4, 7, 18,…, = -5520

𝐒𝟏𝟓=𝟗𝟑𝟎
Geometric Sequence

- is a sequence where each term after the


first is obtained by multiplying the
preceding term by a nonzero constant
called the common ratio.
Symbols and Formula for Geometric Sequence
= first term r = common ratio

= nth term = Sum of n terms

n = number of terms

nth term of arithmetic sequence → = ()

Sum of n terms of arithmetic sequence → = ,r≠1


Practice Solve a.) 32, 16, 8, 4,…
Formula: = ()
Find the common ratio
each geometric sequence. 4 = 32 ()
16 = 32 ()
4 = 32 ()
16 = 32 ()
r= 4 = 32
a.) 32, 16, 8, 4,… 16 = 32 r
=
=
=
=r
b.) 5, 20, 80, 320,… =
=r
c.) -2, -4, -8, -16,…
Practice Solve
Find the common ratio each b.) 5, 20, 80, 320,…
geometric sequence.
Formula: = ()

a.) 32, 16, 8, 4,… r=


20 = 5 ()
20 = 5 ()
b.) 5, 20, 80, 320,…
r=4 20 = 5 r
=
c.) -2, -4, -8, -16,… r = 2
4=r
Practice Solve
d.) 3, 12, 48, 192,…
Find the 10th term of
Formula: = ()
the following geometric
sequence:
12 = 3 () = 3 ()
d.) 3, 12, 48, 192,… 12 = 3 () = 3 ()
= 786,432 12 = 3 r = 3 (262,144)
= = 786, 432
e.) 3, 1, 1/3, 1/9,… 4=r
r= =
Practice Solve
f.) 2,048, r = -2
Find the first term () of the
following geometric Formula: = ()
sequence:
2,048 =
f.) 2,048, r = -2 2,048 =
= 2,048 = (4,096)
2,048 = 4,096
g.) 192, r = -2 =
=-6 =
Practice Solve j.) -2, 10, -50, 250,…,
Formula: = , r ≠ 1
Find the Sum of n terms of the
following geometric sequence:
10 = -2 () =
h.) -2, 10, -50, 250,…, 10 = -2 ()
10 = -2 r =

130,208 =
=
-5 = r
i.) 3, 6, 12, 24,…, =

= 130,208
r=2
End of Lesson!!!

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Thank You…

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