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Database Management Systems

A database management system (DBMS) is software that allows for the creation, management, and use of databases. It provides functionality for querying and modifying data, and enforcing rules to maintain data integrity. Examples of DBMSs include Microsoft Access, Oracle, MySQL, and SQL Server. A DBMS allows data to be organized into tables with records and fields to efficiently store and retrieve related information.

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13 views

Database Management Systems

A database management system (DBMS) is software that allows for the creation, management, and use of databases. It provides functionality for querying and modifying data, and enforcing rules to maintain data integrity. Examples of DBMSs include Microsoft Access, Oracle, MySQL, and SQL Server. A DBMS allows data to be organized into tables with records and fields to efficiently store and retrieve related information.

Uploaded by

stephan scott
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Database

Management
Systems
Exercise - Label the Diagram
Database
Record
Database Administrator
Field
Table
Database Management System
Primary key
Character
What is a DBMS?

 A database management system is complex software


that constructs and maintains a database.
 It is application software that allows creation, access,
and management of a database
 List some examples
Examples of DBMSes
 Microsoft Access
 Oracle
 MySQL
 DB2
 SQL Server
 Visual Foxpro
 Informix
 Ingres
 Paradox
 Sybase
What is a character?
 A single byte which represents a number, letter,
punctuation mark or other symbol
What is a field?
 A characteristic of an entity
 An entity is any person, place or thing that we capture data on.
 All fields must have a field/data type (give examples)
 Fields can have field properties
What is a primary key?
 A field or group of fields that uniquely identify a record
 Must have a value (cannot be null)
 Links to foreign key of another table
 Give some examples of fields that are unique
Examples of fields that are
unique
 TRN
 Student id number
 Employee id number
 License plate number
 Passport number
 NIS number
 Chassis number
 Engine number
 Part number
 Reference number
 International Standard Book Number (ISBN)
 Bar code
 Department id
What is a foreign key?
 The primary key of one entity that is placed in a second
entity for the purpose of accessing the first entity.
 In other words it is used to create relationships or link
tables.
What is a record?
 A group of related fields about a particular entity.
 It contains information about a given person, place, event or thing
What is a table?
 A group of related records
 It captures all of the records of a particular type of entity
 A table structure is made up of fields, data/field types, field
descriptions, primary key, field properties.
What is a database?
 A group of related tables
 An organized collection of data
Examples of databases in
society
 Common examples of databases in society include:
 Payroll, Employee data, Inventory management/Stock,
Sales, Customer data, Supplier data, Library book
management, Banking, Student record keeping, Hotel
guest list etc.
 In other words, every type of information system has a
database to store the data.
 Now you know why a DBMS is important.
Functions of a DBMS

 Data dictionary
 Retrieval and maintenance
 Query
 Forms
 Reports
 Security
 Backup & Recovery
A Query (showing criteria)
A Form
A Report
The Database Administrator

 Person who is responsible for the environmental aspects


of a database
 He/She coordinates the use of the database
 Implements (sets up) the DBMS
 Maintains the Database
 Monitors security
 Backup & Recovery
Advantages of a DBMS
 Less data redundancy
 Standardization
 Better/improved data integrity
 Shared data
 Easier and Faster access/retrieval
 Security
 Availability
 Extensibility

 Again, having a DBMS is very important


Disadvantages of a DBMS

 More memory, storage, processing power


 Inconsistencies
 Complexity
 Breach of confidentiality
Payroll system database
structure
 Employee (TRN, Fname, Lname, DOB, Addr1, Addr2, Tel,
Sex, JobCode)
 Jobs (JobCode, JobDescription, Salary)
 Hours Worked (TRN, Date, TimeIn, TimeOut)

Create the table structure for the Employee


table
Group table structure
exercise
 Library management
 Student management
 Hotel management
 Doctor office management
 Banking
 Inventory management
Practice questions

 1.Which of the following is best


example of a primary key?
A. Gender
B. Date of birth
C. First name
D. NIS number

John’s name, id number and
2.
phone number together create his
_______.
A. Database
B. Field
C. Record
D. Table

3.All of the following are examples
of DBMS’s EXCEPT:
A. MS-Access
B. Oracle
C. MS-Excel
D. DB2

Which of the following is an
4.
advantage of a DBMS?
A. Requires less memory
B. Improved data integrity
C. Increased programming time
D. More data redundancy
 5. In which category would you place MS-Access?
A. System software
B. Application software
C. Operating System
D. Utility

Which of the following is the best
6.
example of a field?
A. House colour
B. “For sale” sign
C. Real Estate Agency brochure
D. Sale agreement for a house
 7. Software which constructs and maintains a database
in a controlled way is:
A. Database
B. Recording
C. DBMS
D. MS-Office
 8. Which data type would be most appropriate for your
address?
A. Text
B. Number
C. Yes/No
D. Date/Time
 9. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about primary
keys?
A. A primary key can be made up of more than one field
B. A primary key is a unique identifier
C. A primary key allows NULL values
D. A primary key is used to relate tables to each other
 10. A DBA does all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Backup the database
B. Enter user data
C. Issue user passwords
D. Monitor the database

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