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IIS Lecture 0

This document provides an outline for an introductory course on information systems. It includes the course lecturer, a brief overview of topics to be covered like digital innovation and transformation. It also lists essential readings for the course and provides guidance on examinations, coursework, lectures and a target schedule. It aims to help students understand the differences between data and information and how information systems are applied in organizations.

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Umair Cheema
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30 views

IIS Lecture 0

This document provides an outline for an introductory course on information systems. It includes the course lecturer, a brief overview of topics to be covered like digital innovation and transformation. It also lists essential readings for the course and provides guidance on examinations, coursework, lectures and a target schedule. It aims to help students understand the differences between data and information and how information systems are applied in organizations.

Uploaded by

Umair Cheema
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IS1060

INTRODUCTION TO
INFORMATION
SYSTEMS

Lecturer

UMAIR CHEEMA
Course Outline
The subject of information systems is often
discussed under the heading of the
‘application of ICT’, where this technology is
seen as something we apply to various human
activities.
Digital innovation
Digital transformation
We certainly should not just assume

that all technology is good, easy


to use and will work as

planned!
By information we mean data that
have been shaped into a form that is
meaningful and useful to human
beings
Data, in contrast, are streams of raw facts
representing events occurring in
organizations or the physical environment
before they have been organized and
arranged
Laudon, K.C. and J.P.
Laudon
The subject of information systems looks at the uses
made of ICT within human organisations
and societies.

In particular, we study how ICTs are applied


to improve or change the way organisations
operate and achieve their goals, and to help people
to do their jobs.
This is principally achieved by
collecting, storing, processing and
sharing data and information.
EMFSS UOL
EXAMINATION
Theoretical Assessment 75%
3 questions out of 6 needs to be attempted
Show you can think
Show you have read widely (subject guides,
books,
journals, newspapers)
Show evidence of your knowledge, analysis, critical
skills and understanding
Essential Readings
1. Laudon, K.C. and J.P. Laudon
Management information
systems: managing the digital
2. Beynon-Davies, P.
Business information systems
3. Curtis, G. and D. Cobham
Business information systems:
analysis, design and practice
INFORMATION
SYSTEMS
Information systems are

purposive
systems

Cornford (2019)
Realise the important difference between
data and information, and
the consequences this distinction makes
to understanding the benefits of the
digital
to organisation.
To help coordinate activity, people and
machines must communicate through the
accomplishment of information.
Communication occurs through data
structures acting as messages or as
records.
DATA & INFORMATION
Streams of raw facts representing
events occurring in organisations or
the physical environment

before they have been organised and


arranged into a form that people
can
Laudon and Laudon (2018)
understand and use.’
Note that the word data is plural.
You normally need a set of
differences to make data. A single
unit of data is sometimes called a
datum.
So what do these two examples have in
common? The answer lies in differences.

Data are differences made in a substance


by an actor that makes a difference, in
the

sense of informing an actor of


something of significance.
Beynon-Davies, P. (2020)
Value traditionally comes in two forms, goods and services.
reliable and accurate
I N FO R MAT I O accessible
up-to-date or timely
N
conveniently presented
HAS at an appropriate level of detail

VALU E
reduces our uncertainty
I N FO R MAT I O
exclusive
N evokes a direct response

HAS enables some other valued task

VALU E
C O S T O F I N F O R MAT I O N
S YS T E M S

We need to use various types of resources,


including people and technology, to produce,
manage and distribute information.
SO CI OTECHNI CAL

a combination of concern and consideration


for people (what they do and what they want)
and concern for the technologies.

Laudon, K.C. and J.P.


Laudon
“an application makes assumptions about the
environment & we should not expect the
application to work in environments for
which its assumptions are not valid”

Goldratt, The Goal


(2009)
PRECO C E PT I O
N N
"If the first thinking process should lead us to
answer the question 'what to change?' the
second thinking process should lead us to
answer the question 'what to change to?'
and the need for a third thinking process
'how to cause the change.’
Goldratt, The Goal
(2009)
Don’t cut corners, methodologically. In the
long run, this results in system failure or an
inadequate system that doesn’t meet
the users’ needs.

Dr. Paul Dorsey


There are three factors that all successful
projects seem to have in common.

Top management support


A sound methodology
Solid technical leadership by someone who has
successfully completed a similar project
Dr. Paul Dorsey
There is no free lunch in software
engineering. If you insist on keeping costs
low and hurrying the project along, then
quality will be low or the risk of failure will
be high no matter how well the project is
Dr. Paul Dorsey
managed.
Digital transformations are continuously
changing how people live, work and function in
their societies. These applications of
technology can be noticed in education,
transportation, data storage, communications
and healthcare, among other fields.
Artificial intelligence and digital
transformation
UNESCO Publication
HOW DO ARTI FI CIAL
I N T E L L I G E N C E AND
I N FO R MAT I O N T E C H N O LO
GY WORK TOGETHER?

Eray Eliaçık, The ultimate combination of


success: AI & IT
“AI is the science and engineering of making intelligent
machines, especially intelligent computer programs. It
is related to the similar task of using computers to
understand human intelligence, but AI does not have to
confine itself to methods that are biologically
observable.” John McCarthy
one of the founders of the discipline of artificial
intelligence
One of the main reasons some businesses are hesitant
to use artificial intelligence technology is that they
worry that it will render many jobs outdated and
irrelevant.
SO,
WILL AI
R E P LA C E
It’s crucial to remember that technological
advancements have historically led to the loss of
particular jobs. These job losses have, however,
always been offset by the creation of new ones
AI systems have lessened the strain on developers
by boosting productivity, increasing efficiency, and
guaranteeing quality.
AI’s impact on IT is already visible in data

security, process automation, coding


productivity, quality assurance, and server
optimization. In the future, the impact undoubtedly
will rise, making IT professionals’ lives more

productive.
TARGET
SCHEDULE
300 hours of study
required
96-100 hours of lectures
Monday & Tuesday
Theoretical & Practical
Division
COURSEWORK
25% Weightage
Database coursework
Spreadsheet coursework
LECTURE
Concise understanding of the
relevant literature
In-depth discussion based
activities of case studies and
articles
Question solving exercises,
written assignments
FURTHER READINGS
www.datamation.com/
Datamation. A good source of material
on contemporary information systems topics.

www.informationweek.co.uk/
A good source of news about ICT and
information systems.

www.computerweekly.com/ and
www.computing.co.uk
The sites of the two most prominent UK weekly
computing trade papers.
Academic Journal Guide 2021
STRATEGY
FOR
SUCCESS
QUESTIONS!

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