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Gravitation Problems

1. The gravitational force (Fg) between an 8 kg object and the Earth is calculated to be 78.6 N using the mass of the object, mass of the Earth, and distance between their centers. 2. The gravitational force (Fg) between Saturn and the Sun is calculated to be 3.74 x 1022 N. The orbital period of Saturn is also calculated to be 29.3 years. 3. Given the gravitational force between Earth and the Moon, the mass of the Earth is calculated, and using this, the mass of the Moon is calculated to be 7.2 x 1022 kg, and the orbital period is calculated to be 28 days.

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Sesirekha Ravinuthula
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27 views

Gravitation Problems

1. The gravitational force (Fg) between an 8 kg object and the Earth is calculated to be 78.6 N using the mass of the object, mass of the Earth, and distance between their centers. 2. The gravitational force (Fg) between Saturn and the Sun is calculated to be 3.74 x 1022 N. The orbital period of Saturn is also calculated to be 29.3 years. 3. Given the gravitational force between Earth and the Moon, the mass of the Earth is calculated, and using this, the mass of the Moon is calculated to be 7.2 x 1022 kg, and the orbital period is calculated to be 28 days.

Uploaded by

Sesirekha Ravinuthula
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

What do we know?
m1 = mass of the object = 8 kg
m2 = mass of the earth = 5.98 × 1024 kg
d = distance between the center of the earth and
the center of the object = 6370 km
G = 6.67 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2
24
m1m 2 11
(8)(5.98x10 )
Fg  G Fg  6.67 x10
d2 (6,370,000)2
Fg = 78.6 N
REMEMBER
This could have been solved in a g = 9.8 m/s2 is only
much easier manner . . . . valid for an object
ON THE EARTH”S
Fg = mg = (8)(9.8) = 78.4 N SURFACE
2. What do we know?
m1 = mass of Saturn = 5.69 x 1026 kg Fg = 3.74 x 1022 N
m2 = mass of the sun = 2.0 × 1030 kg
d = distance between the center of Saturn and
the center of the sun = 9.5 AU
Fg = ?;T = ? s
1 AU = 1.5 x 10 8
km
R 3
Gm d = 1.425 x 10 m 12

2
 2 This could have been solved in a
T 4 much easier manner . . . .
12 3 11 30 3 3
(1.425x10 ) 6.67 x10 (2.0 x10 ) R1 R2
2
 
T 4 2 T1
2
T2
2

REMEMBER
This equation is
(9.5)3 (1)3
T =9.25 x 108 s 2
 2
only valid for two T (1)
objects ORBITING
29.3 years THE SAME 29.3 years
CENTRAL BODY
3.
What do we know?
Fg = force of attraction between earth and moon = 1.9 x 1020 N
m1 = mass of the earth = 5.98 × 1024 kg
d = distance between the center of earth and
the center of the moon = 3.9 x 105 km
G = 6.67 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2 24
20 11 (5.98x10 )(m 2 )
m1m 2 1.9 x10  6.67 x10 8 2
Fg  G (3.9x10 )
d2
m2 = 7.2 x 1022 kg
3
R Gm (3.9 x108 )3 6.67 x10 11 (5.98x10 24 )
2
 2 2

T 4 T 4 2

T = 2.4 x 106 s = 28 days


4.
m1 = 1.67 x 10-27 kg m1m 2
m2 = 9.11 × 10-31 kg
Fg  G
d2
d = 0.528 x 10-10 m 27 31
11 (1 .67 x10 )(9 .11 x10 )
G = 6.67 x 10 Nm /kg Fg  6.67 x10
-11 2 2
10 2
(.528x10 )
5.
Fg = 5.42 x 10-71 N
d = 1.00 m Fg = 3.64 x 10-47 N
m 1 = m2 = ?

m1m 2 (m1 )(m 2 )


Fg  G 5.42 x 10 -71
 6.67 x10 11
d2 (1.0) 2
m1 = m2 (m)(m) = m2
( m 2)
m = 9.0 x 10-31 kg
5.42 x 10-71  6.67 x1011
(1.0) 2
6. F g = 4.0 x 10 -8
N
d = 0.30 m m1m 2
Fg  G
m 1 = m2 = ? d2
radius of Saturn =60,280 km
-8 11 (m1 )(m 2 )
4.0 x 10  6.67 x10 2
(0.3)
( m 2)
4.0 x 10-8  6.67 x10 11 2 m = 7.3 kg
(0.3)
24
( 7.3)(5 .98 x10 )
Fg  6.67 x10 11 EARTH Fg = 72 N
(6,370,000) 2
26
( 7. 3)(5 .69 x10 )
Fg  6.67 x10 11 SATURN Fg = 76 N
(60,268,000) 2
7. T = 23 hrs
m1 = 5.69 × 1026 kg
G = 6.67 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2

3
R Gm
2
 2
T 4 This is the radius
of the moon’s
R3 6.67 x10 11 (5.69 x10 26 ) orbit; we must
2
 subtract the
(82,800) 4 2 planet’s radius to
determine altitude
above the planet
R = 1.88 x 108 m
- 60,268,000 m
1.27 x 108 m = 127,000 km

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