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Autism

Autism spectrum disorder is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that affects behavior, communication, and sensory experiences. It causes difficulties in social communication and interaction as well as restrictive and repetitive behaviors. There are five types of autism spectrum disorder with varying levels of impairment. Common symptoms include challenges with social skills, communication differences, and repetitive behaviors. It typically becomes apparent in early childhood and lasts a lifetime.

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Aditi Mangal
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56 views11 pages

Autism

Autism spectrum disorder is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that affects behavior, communication, and sensory experiences. It causes difficulties in social communication and interaction as well as restrictive and repetitive behaviors. There are five types of autism spectrum disorder with varying levels of impairment. Common symptoms include challenges with social skills, communication differences, and repetitive behaviors. It typically becomes apparent in early childhood and lasts a lifetime.

Uploaded by

Aditi Mangal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AUTISM

SPECTRUM
DISORDER
A complex neurodevelopmental disorder
affecting behavior, communication, and
sensory experiences
WHAT IS AUTISM?
• A complex neurodevelopmental
disorder that affects how a person
perceives the world, communicates,
and interacts with others
• Causes difficulties in social
communication, behavior, and
sensory experiences
• Spectrum disorder – each individual
has a unique combination of
strengths and challenges
Five Types within ASD
• Autistic Disorder
• Impaired functioning across cognitive, social and communication domains
• Asperger Syndrome
• Difficulty with social interaction, but not with intelligence
• Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
• Late onset of developmental delays in language, social function & motor skills
• Rett Syndrome
• Progressive loss of motor skills and language
• Pervasive Developmental Disorder
• Delays in development of social and communication skills
Common Symptoms and Behaviors

Social Challenges Communication Differences Repetitive Behaviors


• Difficulty understanding • Delayed speech or language • Engaging in repetitive
social cues and gestures development movements or activities
• Struggle with making • Repetitive language patterns • Insistence on sameness and
and maintaining (echolalia)
friendships routines
• Limited eye contact or • Difficulty starting or • Intense interests in specific
preference for solitary maintaining conversations subjects
activities • Lack of expression of emotions
Onset and Prevalence
• Children affected are born with the
disorder
• Typically becomes apparent in
early childhood (age 2 or 3 years)
and lasts throughout a person's
lifetime
• According to WHO, approximately
1 in 100 children suffer with ASD
worldwide
CAUSES
• A combination of genetic and
environmental factors (family history
and traits, prenatal and natal
exposures)
• Differences in brain development,
neural connections, and
neurotransmitter levels
Other Treatments
• Special educational support – Individual
Educational Plans (IEPs) to meet each child’s
needs

• ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis) to use


positive reinforcement and specific
techniques to teach skills

• Parent and family training to cope with


stress and support the child
• Ignoring their needs
• Comparing them to other kids
Behaviors to • Yelling or hitting
Avoid as a • Not communicating enough
Parent • Isolating yourself and child
• Lack of routine
• Insulting, demotivating or calling names
THANK YOU! ANY
QUESTIONS?

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