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Intro To Robotics

Robots are automatic machines that can perform tasks that are hazardous, impossible, or repetitive for humans. They have controllers, sensors, a drive system, arms/actuators, and end-effectors. There are different types of robots including mobile robots that can move, stationary robots, autonomous robots that operate independently, and remotely controlled robots. Robots are used in industries for tasks like welding, assembly, packaging and more. While they provide benefits like speed, accuracy and ability to work continuously, they can also result in job losses for people.

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Dustin Burdick
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43 views

Intro To Robotics

Robots are automatic machines that can perform tasks that are hazardous, impossible, or repetitive for humans. They have controllers, sensors, a drive system, arms/actuators, and end-effectors. There are different types of robots including mobile robots that can move, stationary robots, autonomous robots that operate independently, and remotely controlled robots. Robots are used in industries for tasks like welding, assembly, packaging and more. While they provide benefits like speed, accuracy and ability to work continuously, they can also result in job losses for people.

Uploaded by

Dustin Burdick
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Intro To robotics

Indian River High school


What is a Robot…?

A reprogrammable, multifunctional, automatic machine designed to replace


human world interactions.

It can be used as :- •An automatic machine sweeper •An automatic car for
a child to play with •A machine removing mines in a war field •In space •In
military , and many more..

Often hazardous or impossible for humans.


What is magic?

Can we use robots like spells?

Robots do things we can and can’t.

At the push of a button, or flick of

a switch we have work being done.


Define Robotics

Robotics is science of designing or building an application of robots. The


aim of robotics is to design an efficient robot that completes it’s task.

Robotics is needed because:- •Speed • Can work in hazardous/dangerous


temperature • Can do repetitive tasks • Can do work with accuracy
5 Parts of a robot
Most robots can be broken down into following five parts:

Controllers

Sensors

Drive

Arm/Actuators

End-Effector
Controller

Every robot is connected to a computer controller, which regulates the


components and keeps them working together. The controller also allows
the robot to be networked to other systems, so that it may work together
with other machines, processes, or robots. Almost all robots are pre-
programmed using "teaching" devices or offline software programs. In the
future, controllers with artificial intelligence (AI) could allow robots to think
on their own, even program themselves. This could make robots more self-
reliant and independent.
Drones Communicating
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t8Zr6qpKPgs

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UPgnZJaX7mQ
Sensor

The sensor sends information, in the form of electronic signals back to the
controller. Sensors also give the robot controller information about its
surroundings and lets it know the exact position of the arm, or the state of
the world around it. One of the more exciting areas of sensor development
is occurring in the field of computer vision and object recognition.
Drive or How it Moves

The links (the sections between the joints) are moved


into their desired position by the drive. Typically, a drive
is powered by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure, or
electricity.
Arm

The arm is the part of the robot that positions the end-effector and
sensors to do their pre-programmed business. Many are built to resemble
human arms, and have shoulders, elbows, wrists, even fingers. Each joint is
said to give the robot 1 degree of freedom. A simple robot arm with 3
degrees of freedom could move in 3 ways: up and down, left and right,
forward and backward. Most working robots today have 6 degrees of
freedom to allow them to reach any possible point in space within its work
envelope. The human arm has 7.
End-Effector

The end-effector could be thought of as the "hand" on the end of the


robotic arm. There are many possible end-effectors including a gripper, a
vacuum pump, tweezers, scalpel, blowtorch, welder, spray gun, or just
about anything that helps it do its job. Some robots can change end-
effectors, and be reprogrammed for a different set of tasks.
Why separate the Arm from the Effector?
Changing Effectors to accomplish different tasks

Allows for multi purpose Arms


Types of robots

Mobile robots

Stationary

Autonomous

Remote controlled

Virtual Robots
Mobile robots

Mobile robots are able to move, usually they perform task such as search
areas.

A prime example is the Mars Explorer, specifically designed to roam the


mars surface.

Mobile robots are a great help to such collapsed building for survivors
Mobile robots are used for task where people cannot go. Either because it
is too dangerous of because people cannot reach the area that needs to be
searched.
Mobile robots are of two types….

Rolling robots have wheels to move around. They can quickly and easily
maneuver. However they are only useful in flat areas. Wheels can get stuck
on rocks or slow movement on uneven surfaces

Robots on legs are used when the terrain is rocky. Most robots have at
least 4 legs; usually they have 6 or more. Robots have a hard time shifting
balance and keep them from tumbling. The more legs the more stability
when lifting one.
Stationary Robots

Most robots are built to perform repeating tasks without moving.

These robots are ‘working’ in industry settings and are stationary .

Especially dull and repeating tasks are suitable for these robots.
Autonomous robots

Autonomous robots are self supporting or in other words self contained. In


a way they rely on their own ‘brains’. Autonomous robots run a program
that give them the opportunity to decide on the action to perform
depending on their surroundings. At times these robots even learn new
behavior. They start out with a short routine and adapt this routine to be
more successful at the task they perform. The most successful routine will
be repeated as such their behavior is shaped. Autonomous robots can learn
to walk or avoid obstacles they find in their way. Think about a six legged
robot, at first the legs move at random, after a little while the robot adjust
its program and performs a pattern which enables it to move in a direction.
Autonomous Continued

An autonomous robot is despite its autonomous not a very clever or


intelligent unit. The memory and brain capacity is usually limited, an
autonomous robot can be compared to an insect in that respect. In case a
robot needs to perform more complicated yet undetermined tasks an
autonomous robot is not the right choice. Complicated tasks are still best
performed by human beings with real brainpower. A person can guide a
robot by remote control. A person can perform difficult and usually
dangerous tasks without being at the spot where the tasks are performed.
To detonate a bomb it is safer to send the robot to the danger area.
Remote Controlled and Virtual Robots

Remote controlled

A person can guide a robot by remote control. A person can perform


difficult and usually dangerous tasks without being at the spot where the
tasks are performed.

Virtual robots

Virtual robots don’t exist In real life. Virtual robots are just programs,
building blocks of software inside a computer.
Deep Learning

Virtual robots use deep learning to try to predict outcomes and self
program.

Self Driving Cars

Game Playing/ GO

Stock Market

Youtube
Advantages
Going to far away planets.

Going far down into the unknown waters and mines where humans would
be crushed

Giving us information that humans can't get

Working at places 24/7 without any salary and food. Plus they don't get
bored They can perform tasks faster than humans and much more
consistently and accurately Most of them are automatic so they can go
around by themselves without any human interference.
Benefits
Robots offer specific benefits to workers, industries and countries. If
introduced correctly, industrial robots can improve the quality of life by
freeing workers from dirty, boring, dangerous and heavy labor. it is true
that robots can cause unemployment by replacing human workers but
robots also create jobs: robot technicians, salesmen, engineers,
programmers and supervisors. The benefits of robots to industry include
improved management control and productivity and consistently high
quality products. Industrial robots can work tirelessly night and day on an
assembly line without an loss in performance. Consequently, they can
greatly reduce the costs of manufactured goods. As a result of these
industrial benefits, countries that effectively use robots in their industries
will have an economic advantage on world market.
Disadvantages

People can lose jobs in factories

It needs a supply of power It needs maintenance to keep it running .

It costs money to make or buy a robot


Industrial Usage
● Spray Coating/Painting ● Part Inspection

● Material Removal ● Part Sorting

● Machine Loading ● Part Cleaning

● Material Transfer ● Part Polishing

● Cutting Operations ● Assembling Operations

● Continuous Arc Welding & Spot Welding ● Packaging/Palletizing

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