MATHEMATICS

Measures of
Central Tendency
for Ungrouped
Data
7
WEEK 3: TOPIC NO. 1
MELC1
 The learner illustrates the measures of
central tendency (mean, median and mode)
of a statistical data. (M7SP-IVf-1
 The learner calculates the measures of
central tendency of ungrouped data and
grouped data.(M7SP-IVf-g-1)
Objectives
1. Illustrate the measures of central
tendency of ungrouped data
2. Calculate the measures of central
tendency of ungrouped data.
Key Concepts:
MEAN
 The most commonly used measure of average of
central tendency.
 Denoted by the symbol
 Can be determined by getting the sum of the set
of data and dividing it by the number of data
Key Concepts:
MEAN
 In symbols,

Where, is equal to the sum of all given data;

N refers to the total number of data.
Example:

1. The scores of a group of 10 students in a test are

8, 6, 7, 5, 4, 10, 4, 9, 7, and 3. Find the mean score
of the 10 students.
Solution:
Key Concepts:
MEDIAN
 Refers to the middle value in a given set of data.

 It may be obtained by arranging the scores in

either ascending or descending order, and then
locating the term.
Example:

1. Determine the median of the following scores:

9,12, 10, 16, 8, 11, and 10.
Solution: Arrange the scores in ascending order.
8, 9, 10, 10, 11, 12, 16

Thus, x = 10.
Example:

2. Identify the median of the following grades:

82, 75, 90, 77, 88, 78, 97, 93, 91, and 95.
Solution: Arrange the scores in ascending order.
75, 77, 78, 82, 88, 90, 91, 93, 95, 97
Example:

Therefore, to get the median, just get the average of

the 5th and 6th number from the arranged set of
data. 75, 77, 78, 82, 88, 90, 91, 93, 95, 97

Thus, the median is 89.

Key Concepts:

MODE
 The value that appears most frequently in a given
set of data.
Example:

1. Determine the mode of the following set of data:

5, 6, 8, 11, 6, 7, 8, 8, and 9.
Solution:
Mode: 8  The value that appears most
frequently in a given set of
data.
Activity:

1. The following sets of data show the weekly income

(in peso) of ten households living in two different
barangays in the town of Maragondon, Cavite.
Brgy. Garita A: 150 1500 1700 1800 3000
2100 1700 1500 1750 1200
Brgy. Kaingin : 1000 1200 1200 1150 1800
1800 2000 1470 8000
Activity:

Brgy. Garita A: 150 1500 1700 1800 3000

2100 1700 1500 1750 1200
Brgy. Kaingin : 1000 1200 1200 1150 1800
1800 2000 1470 8000
a. Compute for the mean and median for each
Barangay. Mean is 1345 Median is 1700
Mean is 2142 Median is 1635
Activity:

Brgy. Garita A: 150 1500 1700 1800 3000

2100 1700 1500 1750 1200
Brgy. Kaingin : 1000 1200 1200 1150 1800
1800 2000 1470 8000
b. What information can we get from these values?
Using the mean value, it seems that Barangay Caingin’s household
income is far greater than that of Barangay Garita A’s. However, using
the median, it seems that the two are almost the same.
Activity:

Arrange in increasing order and calculates the mean,

median and mode/s of each of the following sets
of data.
1. 5, 6, 6, 4, 8
2. 3,5, 6, 7, 4
3. 1, 3, 2, 5, 9, 1, 7, 6, 6, 8
4. 5, 6, 0, 6, 8, 2, 9, 4, 6, 8, 2, 3
5. 10, 10, 12, 14, 15, 9, 13, 13, 12
Activity:

Below are the mathematics grades of 30 Grade 7

students in the last quarter: Compute for the mean,
median, and mode.
78 98 76 89 89 83 87 75 72 91
90 79 84 84 85 88 87 95 96 95
96 96 76 80 96 95 96 76 96 80
Solve the following problems:

a. The mean of fifteen numbers is 30 and the

mean of ten numbers is 25. What is the mean
of all the twenty-five numbers?
b. Given the set of numbers N = { 7, 9, 10, 14, 8,
16, 13}. When a number x is added to the set,
the new mean is 12. Calculate the value of x.
Solve the following problems:

1. Answer: 9 or 10 – (the possible values of y)

2. Answer: 28

3. Answer: x = 19
Activity:

Direction: Calculate the mean, median and mode/s of the

following (UNGROUPED DATA).
1. Given scores in Algebra Quiz: 18, 20, 22, 15, 16, 12, 17,
21, 10.
2. The sizes of 15 families in chosen barangay in Tagaytay
City at random are as follows: 8,7, 4, 6, 12, 6, 7, 6, 8, 10,

7, 8, 5, 3, 4.
3. The grades of 10 selected students in Mathematics of
CCNHS are 85, 82, 85, 86, 81, 79, 80, 78, 86, 88.
Activity:

Direction:.UNGROUPED DATA :Calculate the mean, median

and mode/s of the following.

1. Mean = 16.78 Median = 17 Mode = no mode

2. Mean = 6.73 Median = 7 Mode = 6, 7and 8
3. Mean = 83 Median = 83.5 Mode = 85 and 86
 Measures of MATHEMATICS

Central
Tendency for
Grouped Data
7
WEEK 3: TOPIC NO. 2
MELC1
 The learner illustrates the measures of
central tendency (mean, median and mode)
of a statistical data. (M7SP-IVf-1)
 The learner calculates the measures of
central tendency of ungrouped data and
grouped data.(M7SP-IVf-g-1)
Objectives
1. Illustrate the measures of central
tendency of grouped data.
2. Calculate the measures of central
tendency of grouped data.
Key Concepts:

Mean for Grouped Data

 To get the mean of a grouped data, you use the
formula,
Key Concepts:
Mean for Grouped Data
To simplify the process, follow these steps:
1. Compute the class marks of each class.
2. Multiply each class mark by the corresponding
frequencies.
3. Get the summation of all products in step 2.
4. Divide the summation of the products by the total

number of observations.
Example:

Below is a frequency distribution table of ages 50 adult patients

in a city hospital for a specific time of the day. Compute the mean
age of the patients.
Example:
Solution:
1. Get the class mark of each class interval (or age brackets).
Example:

Solution:
1. Get the class mark of each class interval (or age brackets).
Example:
Solution:
2. Find the products of the frequency (number of patients) and
class marks
Example:
Solution:
3. Finally, divide the summation of the products by the total
number of patients.
Key Concepts:
Median for Grouped Data
To compute for median of grouped data, use the
formula:
Key Concepts:
Lower-class boundary
 the halfway between the lower-class limit of the
class and the upper-class limit of the preceding
class.
Class size
 the difference of the upper-class boundary of a
class and the upper-class boundary of the
preceding class.
Key Concepts:

 The formula above only works when the class

intervals are arranged in ascending order..
Key Concepts:

Steps in getting the median for grouped data:

Step 1. Compute the less than cumulative frequencies.
Example: The following table gives the time (in minutes). It takes
40 students to finish a skill test in statistics. Calculate the
median.
Key Concepts:

Steps in getting the median for grouped data:

1. Compute the less than cumulative frequencies.
Key Concepts:

Steps in getting the median for grouped data:

Step 2. Locate the median class. Since the median is the middle
value in the distribution, it can be found on the first-class
interval whose less than cumulative frequency is at least .
Key Concepts:
Key Concepts:

Steps in getting the median for grouped data:

Since , the median class is the interval 19 – 22.

Note: Subtracting two consecutive lower limits or upper limits,

determines the class size
Key Concepts:

Steps in getting the median for grouped data:

Step 3: Use the formula to compute the median.
This means that 20
students can finish a test
in less than 20.72 minutes
and 20 students can finish
a test in more than 20.72
minutes.
Key Concepts:

Mode for Grouped Data

 can be computed by first identifying the class (or

classes) with highest frequency

 This is called the modal class.

Key Concepts:

Mode for Grouped Data

 After determining the modal class, the mode can be estimated
using the following formula:

Note: This formula gives only the best estimate for the
value of the mode and not its actual value.
Example:

The following data show the scores of 50 students in a 25-item

geometry quiz. Find the mode of the scores
Example:
 MATHEMATICS
Measures of
Variability for
Ungrouped Data 7
WEEK 3: TOPIC NO. 3
MELC1
 The learner illustrates the measures of variability
(range, average deviation, variance, standard
deviation) of a statistical data. (M7SP-IVh-1)

 The learner calculates the measures of

variability of ungrouped and grouped data.
(M7SP-IVh-i-1)
Objectives
1. Illustrate the measures of variability
(range, average deviation, variance, standard
deviation) of a statistical data.
2. Calculate the measures of variability of
ungrouped data
Key Concepts:
Range (R)
 refers to the distance between the highest and the
lowest values in a set of data.
 is the difference between the highest score (HS) and
the lowest score (LS).

R = HS – LS
Example 1:

Determine the range of the following set of data:

76, 90, 98, 82, 94, 79, 88, 82, 97, 75
Solution:
 Locate the highest and the lowest score and find their
difference.

R = HS – LS R = 98 – 75 R = 23
Example 2:

Determine the range of the following set of data:

178, 183, 123, 118, 127, 192, 200
Solution:
 Locate the highest and the lowest score and find their
difference.

R = HS – LS R = 200 – 118 R = 82
Key Concepts:

Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD)

 is one of the measures of variability that utilizes all
values in a data set.
 it is defined as average of the absolute deviations of
each score from the mean.
Key Concepts:

Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD)

Formula:
Key Concepts:

Steps to keep in mind when solving for the MAD:

 Find the mean.

 Calculate the distance of each score from the mean by

getting the absolute value of their difference.
 Plug the appropriate values in the formula and solve.
Example:

The shoe sizes of 8 students in a classroom are 6, 6, 7, 8, 8,

9, 10, and 10. Find the mean absolute deviation.

Solution: The mean of the shoe sizes is

Example:

Getting the absolute value of the difference of each size from the
mean:

Thus, 1.25 is the average distance of each shoe size.

Key Concepts:

Variance
 the basic measure for dispersion.
 is the average of the squared deviations of each score
from the mean

(for population) (for sample variance)

Key Concepts:

Standard Deviation
 the most commonly used measure for dispersion.
 is the square root of the variance.

(for population SD) (for sample SD)

Example:

Compute the variance and the standard deviation of

the daily rate (in pesos) of 7 employees in a company: 352,
388, 402, 391, 339, 362, and 426.
Step 1: Compute the mean.

Php 380 is the mean Salary rate of employee.

Example:

Step 2: Construct a table and determine the square of the

deviations of each score from the mean.
Example:

Step 3: Substitute in the values in the formula. Note that

N = 7.