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1-Basic Introduction To Computer

The document discusses the basic introduction of computers. It defines data and information, then explains that computers are electronic devices that can store, retrieve, and process data. It also classifies computers based on their operating principles, applications, and size/capability. The main components of a computer including the central processing unit, motherboard, storage devices, memory, input devices like the keyboard and mouse, and output devices like monitors and printers are described.

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Muhammad Talha
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views

1-Basic Introduction To Computer

The document discusses the basic introduction of computers. It defines data and information, then explains that computers are electronic devices that can store, retrieve, and process data. It also classifies computers based on their operating principles, applications, and size/capability. The main components of a computer including the central processing unit, motherboard, storage devices, memory, input devices like the keyboard and mouse, and output devices like monitors and printers are described.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Talha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO

COMPUTER

TALHA
Data
Collection of Raw facts and figures is known as
data
Information
Refined or processed form of data is known as
information.
BASIC INTRODUCTION

A computer is an electronic device that


manipulates information, or data. It has the ability
to store, retrieve, and process data. 
IN THE BEGINNING
CLASSIFICATION OF
COMUPTERS
(1) Based on operating principles
(2) Based on applications
(3) Based on size and capability
CLASSIFICATION OF
COMUPTERS
(1) Based on operating principles:
•Analog computers: represent data in the form of
continuous electrical signals having a specific
magnitude. Like Thermometer, Analog clock,
Speedometer, Tire pressure gauge
•Digital computers: store and process data in the
digital form. Like IBM PC
• Hybrid computers: A combination of analog
computer and digital computer because it contains
the best features of both. Touch screen laptop is
an example of HC. Hybrid computer is the
computer used in hospitals to measure the
heartbeat of the patient.
CLASSIFICATION OF
COMPUTERS
(2) Based on applications:
•General purpose computers:
These computers can work in all environments.
Like Personal Computers.

•Special purpose computers:


These computers can perform only a specified task.
Like Calculators, Blood Pressure Machine.
CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS
(3) Based on size and capability
•Microcomputers: Designed to be used by individuals.
•Mini Computers: Can handle more data and more input
and output than micro computers.
•Mainframe Computers: A very large computer use to
calculate complex problems in less time as compare to mini
computers.
•Super Computers: The fastest type of computer that can
perform complex operations at a very high speed.
ANALOG COMPUTERS
DIGITAL COMPUTERS
HYBRID COMPUTERS
SUPER COMPUTERS
MINI COMPUTERS
MICRO COMPUTERS
MAIN FRAME COMPUTERS
COMPUTER PARTS

There are many parts


that work together to
make a computer work.
HARDWARE

Physical parts of the


computer, including
processor and memory
chips, input/output
devices, tapes, disks,
modems, cable, etc.
CPU
• The Central Processing
Unit.
• Also the brain of
Computer.
• It takes input, process
on it and show output
on screen.
PROCESSOR

The CPU – The chip or


chips that interpret and
execute program
instructions and manage
the functions of input,
output, and storage
devices.
COMPUTER CASE

Contains the major


components of the
computer. It helps
protect them.
FRONT OF THE COMPUTER CASE
INSIDE THE COMPUTER CASE
MONITOR
A display screen to
provide “output” to the
user. It is where you
view the information
your are working on.
VIDEO CARD
Connects the computer to the
monitor. It is a circuit board
attached to the motherboard
that contains the memory and
other circuitry necessary to
send information to the
monitor for display on
screen.
KEYBOARD

An input device used to enter information into


the computer and for giving commands.
MOUSE
An input device operated
by rolling its ball across a
flat surface. The mouse
is used to control the on-
screen pointer by pointing
and clicking, double-
clicking, or dragging
objects on the screen.
TOUCHPAD
A pressure-sensitive and motion sensitive device
used in place of a mouse.
MOTHER BOARD

A board of silicon
having other processing
parts of computer on it
like RAM, graphics card,
Network Card, Sound
Card.
CD ROM DRIVE
The drive that plays CDs and reads data that has
been stored on the CD.
CD
Compact Disk – A type
of optical storage device.
HARD DISK
• Magnetic storage
device in the computer.
• It is also called
permanent memory of
computer.
RAM
RAM is a computer’s
temporary memory,
which exists as chips
on the motherboard
near the CPU. It stores
data or programs while
they are being used and
requires power.
PRINTER

An output device that


produces a hard copy on
paper. It gives
information to the user in
printed form.
BARCODE READER
An input device that
converts a pattern of
printed bars into a
number that a computer
can read. They are often
used by businesses to
quickly input price and
product information.
SCANNER

A device that allows


pictures to be placed into
a computer.
It scans the hardcopy of
a document and convert
it into softcopy.
MICROPHONE

Allows the user to record sounds as input to their


computer.
SPEAKERS

Used to generate or
reproduce voice, music,
and other sounds.
SOUND CARD

Connects the speakers


and microphone to the
computer.
MODEM

The place where the


computer is connected to
the phone line.
A necessary part to
create a connection to
internet.
NETWORK CARD

A circuit board that


connects the computer to
the rest of the network
usually using special
cables.
STORAGE DEVICES

The Devices that are used to store data in


Computers are called storage devices. It can be
temporary or permanent type of storage.
HARD DISK
USB(FLASH) DRIVE
FLOPPY DRIVE
CD/DVD DRIVE
MAGNETIC TAPES
INPUT DEVICES

The Devices that is used to Enter data into the


Computer are known as Input Devices
INPUT DEVICES
OUTPUT DEVICES
OUTPUT DEVICES
DATA STORAGE
The amount of data stored is measured in
kilobytes (KB).

Confusingly, 1KB is actually 1,024 bytes (210), not


1,000 as you might expect, but most people think
in multiples of 1,000.

1 megabyte (MB) is 1,024 KB (220)


1 gigabyte (GB) is 1,024 MB (230)
1 terabyte (TB) is 1,024 GB (240)

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