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Classification, Elimination, Family of Curves

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88 views33 pages

Classification, Elimination, Family of Curves

Uploaded by

Monato, Kaye L.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DIFFERENTIA

L EQUATION
A PROPERTY OF PUP
DMS
***NOT FOR COMMERCIAL USE***
Hello!
Future Engineers!
I am Engr. Oscar L. Poloyapoy
Your instructor in Differential Equation
ADDITIONAL
READINGS
TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION TO DIFFERENTIAL
01 EQUATIONS
SOLUTION TO 1ST ORDER 1ST DEGREE
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
02

1ST ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF


HIGHER DEGREE THAN THE FIRST
03

HIGHER ORDRED DIFFERENTIAL


04

EQUATIONS
APPLICATIONS OF FIRST ORDER
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
05
INTRODUCTION
DIFFERENTIAL
EQUATION
` INTRODUCTION

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS are a very important tool used to


solve several problems in application of mathematics in the field of
engineering as well as in science. Using differential equations,
problems in engineering such as relationship between an electric
current and their corresponding magnetic field can be solved for the
equation of the families of curves, orthogonal, and isogonal
trajectories, and notion in a straight line. In science, it is used in the
comparison of the law of exponential growth and mixture problems.
` 1 DEFINITION

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

It is an equation containing the


derivatives or differentials of one or
more dependent variables with respect
to one or more independent variable.
` EXAMPLE
`
independent variable
if an equation involves one or more derivatives
with respect to a particular variable.

dependent variable
if the derivatives of that variable occurs.
` 2 CLASSIFICATION BY
TYPE
01 ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
It is an equation which contains only the derivatives of one or
more dependent variables, with respect to a single independent
variable.

EXAMPLE
`
02 PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

It is an equation involving the partial derivatives of one or more


dependent variables of two or more independent variables.

EXAMPLE
` 3 CLASSIFICATION BY
ORDER
The order of the differential equation is the order of the
highest order term involved in the equation.

EXAMPLE
` 4 CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO
DEGREE
The degree of the differential equation in the algebraic
degree of the highest-order derivative in the
differential equation.

EXAMPLE
` 5 CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO
LINEARITY

1 LINEAR ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION


A linear ordinary differential equation of order n, in the
independent variable y and the independent variable x, is an
equation that is in, or can be expressed in the form
`

EXAMPLE
`
2 NON-LINEAR ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

A non-linear ordinary differential equation is an


ordinary differential equation that is not linear.

EXAMPLE
` 1.6 ELIMINATION OF ARBITRARY
CONSTANTS
One way of obtaining a differential equation is through
elimination of arbitrary constant/s. To determine the
correct differential equation, following properties must be
satisfied.

1. The order of the differential equation must be equal to


the number of arbitrary constant/s in the given equation.
2. Differentiation must be consistent with the given
relation.
3. The differential equation must be free from any
arbitrary constant.
` STEPS IN ELIMINATION OF ARBITRARY
CONSTANTS

STEP 1

STEP 2

STEP 3
` EXAMPLE
` ACTIVITY #1
COMPLETE THE TABLE

EQUATION TYPE D.V. I.V. ORDER DEGREE LINEARITY


           
1.
           
2.
           
3.
           
4.
` ACTIVITY #2
COMPLETE THE
TABLE
EQUATION TYPE D.V. I.V. ORDER DEGREE LINEARITY
           
5.
           

6.
           

7.
` ACTIVITY #3

ELIMINATE THE ARBITRARY CONSTANTS OF THE


FOLLOWING:
` 1.7 FAMILIES OF
CURVES
STEPS IN SOLVING EQUATIONS OF FAMILIES OF
CURVES
01 Determine the given equation what is the curve involved

02 Determine the general equation of the curve

03 Determine and substitute all the data given from the problem.

04 Perform elimination of arbitrary constant.


`

FAMILIES OF CURVES
`
1
(one parameter) – Family of
lines passing through the origin
`
2
(one parameter) – Family
of parabolas with axis at y.
`
3
(one parameter) – Family of
concentric circles with centers
at the origin.
`
4
(2 parameters) – Family of circles
where centers on y-axis
`
5
(2 parameters) – Family of circles
where centers on the x-axis.
`
6

(one parameter) – Family of circles


with center on the line y=x and passing
through the origin.

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