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Conditional Probability (Y10 Science)

This document discusses conditional probability and provides examples of how to calculate conditional probabilities. It defines conditional probability as a probability whose sample space has been limited to only those outcomes that fulfill a certain condition. It gives the formula for calculating conditional probability and provides examples such as finding the probability of getting an even sum of dice rolls given that the second die is a 2, and finding the probability that a home has a garage given that it has a deck.

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Owain Cato Daniwan
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40 views

Conditional Probability (Y10 Science)

This document discusses conditional probability and provides examples of how to calculate conditional probabilities. It defines conditional probability as a probability whose sample space has been limited to only those outcomes that fulfill a certain condition. It gives the formula for calculating conditional probability and provides examples such as finding the probability of getting an even sum of dice rolls given that the second die is a 2, and finding the probability that a home has a garage given that it has a deck.

Uploaded by

Owain Cato Daniwan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conditional

Probability

Year 10 Science
Arranged by :
Mr. Togu mangihut B
Probability
‘Combined events’

Combined events look at the probability of two or more events

Listing or counting all the possible outcomes for two or more combined
events enables you to calculate the probability of any particular event
occurring. This can be done by listing outcomes systematically, or using
sample space diagrams to record all the outcomes in a table.
TABLES

Total outcomes = 4 ( 2 x 2)
Total outcomes = 36 ( 6 x 6 )
Probability

Total outcomes = ( 2 x 2 x 2) = 8
1st Dice 2nd Dice
Outcomes
(1,1) , (1,2), (1,3),(1,4), (1,5), 1,6)

P (1,1) = 1/36 ( 1/6 x 1/6)


Outcomes
(2,1) , … , (2,6)

Outcomes
(3,1) , … , (3,6)

Outcomes
(4,1) , … , (4,6)

Outcomes
(5,1) , … , (5,6)

Outcomes
(4,1) , … , (6,6)

Total outcomes = 36
Definition
A conditional probability is a probability whose
sample space has been limited to only those
outcomes that fulfill a certain condition.
1. The conditional probability of event A given
that event B has happened is
P(A|B) =
2. The conditional probability of event B given A∩B
that event A has happened is
P(B|A) =
Example 1
• Let E = the sum of the faces is even
• Let S2= the second die is a 2

1. P(S2|E) =

2. P(E|S2) =
EXAMPLE 2
In Alpha Housing Plan, 42% of the houses have a deck and a garage; 60% have a
deck. Find the probability that a home has a garage, given that it has a deck.

P(G|D) =
EXAMPLE 3
 The probability that a randomly selected student plays sports given that they are male
is 0.31. What is the probability that the student is male and plays sports if the
probability that they are male is 0.49?

P(S|M) =
0.31 =
Number of brothers and Sisters (Br and S)
0 1 2 3 ≥4 Total
Boys (B) 2 3 3 2 0 10
Girls (G) 3 1 6 3 1 14
Total 5 4 9 5 1 24

a. P (G) = 14/24
b. P (≥ 4 2 BS) = 5/24
c. P(NoBrS|G) =
d. P(B|≥ 4 BrS) =
60 a. P(C)

C = 29
M = 10
2
12 4
3
1
12

26

B = 52
0.8
Win

Play 0.65
Not win

Win

Not play
Not win
Win Lose Draw
Score first 0.38 0.12 0.18
Don’t score first 0.02 0.22 0.08

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