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Metering Deficiency HT

This document discusses metering deficiencies, power calculations for single and three phase systems, and different types of energy meters. It also covers meter registration at various power factors, tamper analysis for different meter defects, and how reversing the blue phase current transformer polarity affects meter registration. Tables are provided showing the percentage of energy registered for different tamper types at varying power factors.

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Gautam Chattopadhyay
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86 views

Metering Deficiency HT

This document discusses metering deficiencies, power calculations for single and three phase systems, and different types of energy meters. It also covers meter registration at various power factors, tamper analysis for different meter defects, and how reversing the blue phase current transformer polarity affects meter registration. Tables are provided showing the percentage of energy registered for different tamper types at varying power factors.

Uploaded by

Gautam Chattopadhyay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Metering Deficiency

By M. C. Gurani
[email protected]
Power Calculation

 Single Phase Vp X Ip X cos Ф

Three Phase

 3 Phase 4 Wire 3 x Vp X Ip X cos Ф

 3 Phase 3 Wire √3 x VL X IL X cos Ф


Three Phase Four Wire meter
(Three Watt meter method)

Vr

Ir

Ib

Vb Iy Vy
W1
Vp X Ip X cos Ф
R
W2
Vp X Ip X cos Ф
Y
W3
B Vp X Ip X cos Ф

N 3 Vp X Ip X cos Ф
Three Phase Three Wire meter
(Two Watt meter method)

Vry
Vr

Ф
Ir
Vby
Ф
Ib
W1 Vb Iy Vy
VL X IL X cos(30* + Ф)

W2
VL X IL X cos(30*- Ф)

√3 x VL X IL X cos Ф
HT Energy Meter (3Phase 3Wire)
LT CT Meter (3Phase 4Wire)
Poly Phase Meter (3Phase 4Wire)
Multiply Factor (LT)
= Mains Capacity / Meter capacity

Mains (Box) CTR


Reading X ---------------------------
Meter CTR
In NDPL LT meters are rated CTR 60/5A, 100/5A and 200/5A
Similarly installed in Boxes CTR are 60/5A, 100/5A and 200/5A

As such MF always remain 1

Reading X 1
Multiply Factor (HT)
= Mains Capacity / Meter capacity

Mains CTR X PTR


Reading X ---------------------------
Meter CTR X PTR

In NDPL HT 11 KV meters are rated CTR is -/5A and PTR is 11KV/110V


Hence For Metering Cubicle of CTR 30/5A

30/5 X 11000/110
5/5 X 11000/110

Or MF = Cubicle CTR (Or CT-PT Unit CTR)


Reading X 6
Meter Registration at various power
factor against particular element
This table will be useful while assessment and back billing

Sl. No. Case W1 W2 Net


Red Element Blue Element √3 VI CosФ

1. Ф = 30˚ VI 0.5 VI 1.5 VI


P.F. = 0.866 (33%) (67%) (86.6%)

2. Ф = 60˚ 0.0 0.866 VI 0.5 VI


P.F. = 0.5 (0) (50%) (50%)

3. Ф = 90˚ -√3/2VI +√3/2 VI 0.0


P.F. = 0 (-50%) (50%) (0)

4. Ф = 0˚ √3/2 VI √3/2 VI √3 VI
P.F. = 1 (50%) (50%) (100%)
Tamper Analysis
1. Red Phase CT not connected
2. Blue Phase CT not connected
3. Red phase CT polarity reversed
4. Blue Phase CT Polarity reversed
5. ‘R’ & ‘B’ phase CT interchanged
6. ‘R’ phase PT missing
7. ‘Y’ phase PT missing
8. ‘B’ phase PT missing
9. ‘R’ & ‘Y’ PT lead interchanged
10.‘Y’ & ‘B’ PT lead interchanged
11.‘B’ & ‘R’ PT lead interchanged
Tamper Analysis (Practical)
Percentage of Energy Registered to Actual Flow of Energy
S. Type of defect Power PF PF PF PF PF
No factor 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5
. 1.0

1. Red Phase CT not connected 50% 63% 60% 75% 82% 100%
2. Blue Phase CT not connected 50% 33% 25% 17% 15% Nil
3. Red phase CT polarity reversed Nil 25% 39.2% 52% 75% 100%
4. Blue Phase CT Polarity Nil -25% -39.2% -52% -75% -100%
reversed
5. ‘R’ & ‘B’ phase CT interchanged Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
6. ‘R’ phase PT missing 50% 55% 65% 75% 82% 100%
7. ‘Y’ phase PT missing 50% 50% 50% 44% 47% 40%
8. ‘B’ phase PT missing 50% 42% 31% 20% 15% Nil
9. ‘R’ & ‘Y’ PT lead interchanged Nil Creep Creep Creep Creep Creep
forward forward forwar forwar forward
d d

10. ‘Y’ & ‘B’ PT lead interchanged Nil Creep Creep Creep Creep Creep
back back back back back

11. ‘B’ & ‘R’ PT leads interchange Nil Creep Creep Creep Creep Creep
forward forward forwar forwar forward
d d
‘B’ phase CT Reverse

Vry Association : Correct


Vr Polarity ‘B’ : Negative
Polarity ‘R’ : Positive
Ф
Ir
Angle between Vry and Ir
Vby Ib = 30˚ + Ф
Ф
Ib Angle between Vby and Ib
Vb Iy Vy = 150˚ + Ф

Net Registration
Vry Ir Cos (30˚ + Ф) +
Vby Ib Cos (150˚ + Ф)
= - V I SinФ

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