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Non Volatile Memory1

A brief presentation on what are the types of non-volatile memory till date( till 2010) and what all come under it..

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Jane D'Souza
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432 views14 pages

Non Volatile Memory1

A brief presentation on what are the types of non-volatile memory till date( till 2010) and what all come under it..

Uploaded by

Jane D'Souza
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction

Non-volatile memory is computer memory that can retain the stored information even the system is not powered. It is typically used for the task of secondary storage, or long-term persistent storage. It either costs more or performs worse than volatile random access memory. IBM is currently developing MRAM (Magneto resistive RAM) Its data storage, classified as, electrically addressed and mechanically addressed systems.

Types of Non Volatile Memory


ROM PROM

FLASH MEMORY

EPROM

EEPROM

ROM
Read only Memory

Permanently or semi-permanently holds data Special program required to write data Ideal place to put the computers start-up instruction
3 types of ROM:
PROM EPROM EEPROM

PROM

Programmable Read Only Memory Originally contained silicon or metal fuses which would be blown in order to change 0s and 1s. Once the bits are changed, they cannot be restored Widely used in consumer and automotive electronics, RFID, HDMI

EPROM
Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

Invented by Engineer Dov Frohman


Can hold data from 10-20 years

Erasing EPROM Programming


Erasure is accomplished by using UV light UV light belongs to UVC range Frequency of 253.7 Shouldnt remain under EPROM erasure for too long, may lead to over-erasure Over-charging of UV light makes the EPROMs floating gates unstable

TYPES OF EPROM

UV Erase EPROM
Data erased by UV light To remove charge, place chip under UV lamp for 20-30 minutes

OTP EPROM
Its electrically an EPROM, but with a quartz window missing First 2716 EPROM launched in October 1977 in Texas

EEPROM
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory

The only user-modifiable ROM that can be erased & reprogrammed EEPROM IC SERIAL, 32K x 8 64K chip

HISTORY
Designed by George Perlegos at Intel Seeq Technology designed 1st fully functional EEPROM To configure an EEPROM chip, an electric field produced by the charge pump is applied locally to cells marked for modification.

EEPROM

EEPROM Structure
Physically similar to EPROM but also composed of cells with two transistors

Floating gate - separated from the control gate by a thin oxide layer Insulating layer - around 1nanometer voltage requirements to initiate changes in cell Floating gate and control gates bit value is from 1-0

Limitations
Can be re-programmed but only limited times Hence, used as computers BIOS code Modern day EEPROM can be rewritten upto a million times

FLASH MEMORY

A type of constantly powered non-volatile memory that can be erased and reprogrammed A close relative to EEPROM Information stored in cells in the chip Data gets erased off in a flash

Advantages (over traditional hard-drive)


Non-volatile Smaller in size Highly portable Faster Access Time Low Price & High Capacity Maintains Storage even without Power Supply

FLASH MEMORY

Uses
Digital Cellular Phones Digital Cameras LAN switches PC Cards for Notebooks Digital Set-top Boxes Your Computers BIOS Memory Sticks Video Game Cards Modems MP3 Players Pen Drives

Summary

From all of these, we conclude that non volatile memory has 5 basic types which have helped in storing data, using effective techniques even when there is no power supply connected to the storage device We still have the hope that non-volatile memory may one day eliminate the need for comparatively slow forms of secondary storage systems, which include hard disks.

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