CASE STUDY: DATA WAREHOUSE

IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY
FOR RETAIL SECTOR
GROUP 7: P SUMAN PATRO, PARTH SHARTHI , ANKIT SINGH, SAMRIDDHA
CHAKRABORTY
WHAT IS DATA WAREHOUSE?

• A data warehouse, or enterprise data warehouse (EDW), is a system that aggregates data from different sources
into a single, central, consistent data store to support data analysis, data mining, artificial intelligence (AI), and
machine learning. A data warehouse system enables an organization to run powerful analytics on huge volumes
(petabytes and petabytes) of historical data in ways that a standard database cannot.
• Data warehousing systems have been a part of business intelligence (BI) solutions for over three decades, but
they have evolved recently with the emergence of new data types and data hosting methods. Traditionally, a data
warehouse was hosted on-premises—often on a mainframe computer—and its functionality was focused on
extracting data from other sources, cleansing and preparing the data, and loading and maintaining the data in a
relational database. More recently, a data warehouse might be hosted on a dedicated appliance or in the cloud,
and most data warehouses have added analytics capabilities and data visualization and presentation tools.
CASE STUDY : DATA WAREHOUSE
IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY FOR RETAIL
SECTOR.
• The case of the expanding supermarket chain highlights the importance of data warehousing for organizations that collect and process large
amounts of data on a daily basis. By implementing a data warehouse, retailers can store and analyze data from multiple sources, including
transactional data from point-of-sale systems, customer data from loyalty programs, and marketing data from advertising campaigns.
• The benefits of a data warehouse include improved data quality, faster query response times, and the ability to perform complex analytics and
reporting. In addition, a data warehouse can help retailers identify trends and opportunities for growth, such as which products are popular
among certain customer segments or which store locations are underperforming.
• The case also underscores the importance of selecting the right data warehouse architecture and tools for the organization's needs. Different
architectures, such as the traditional Inmon or Kimball approaches, may be better suited for different types of data and analytical requirements.
Similarly, tools like Apache Hadoop and Microsoft Power BI offer different capabilities for data storage and reporting.
• Overall, the case shows that a data warehouse can be a valuable asset for retailers looking to gain a competitive edge in a crowded and rapidly
evolving market. However, it is important to carefully plan and design the data warehouse to ensure it meets the organization's specific needs
and goals.
ATTRIBUTES AND DATA MODELLING:

1. Sales data: This includes information about the products sold, their prices, quantities, and time of sale.
2. Inventory data: This includes information about the products in stock, their quantities, and their locations in the
store.
3. Customer data: This includes information about customers, such as their demographic data, purchase history,
and feedback.
4. Employee data: This includes information about employees, such as their personal details, job roles, and
performance.
5. Marketing data: This includes information about marketing campaigns, such as their effectiveness, costs, and
customer responses.
DATA COLLECTION

• To design a data warehouse for a supermarket chain, data collection is a crucial step. Here are some possible ways to collect data for the supermarket chain:
1. Point of Sale (POS) systems: Supermarkets use POS systems to process transactions and collect data on sales, products, and customers. POS systems can be
configured to capture detailed information such as product IDs, prices, quantities, discounts, and payment methods. This data can be aggregated at the store
level and sent to a central data repository.
2. Customer feedback: Supermarkets can collect customer feedback through various channels such as online surveys, in-store kiosks, and customer service
representatives. Customer feedback can provide insights into customer preferences, satisfaction levels, and areas for improvement.
3. Inventory systems: Supermarkets use inventory systems to manage their stock levels and monitor product movements. Inventory systems can capture data such
as product IDs, quantities, locations, and replenishment schedules.
4. Employee records: Supermarkets can collect data on their employees such as personal details, job titles, performance metrics, and training records. This data
can be used to track employee productivity, identify training needs, and optimize staffing levels.
5. Marketing campaigns: Supermarkets run marketing campaigns to promote their products and services. Data on marketing campaigns such as campaign types,
costs, and outcomes can be collected and analyzed to measure the effectiveness of the campaigns and optimize future campaigns.
6. Social media: Supermarkets can monitor social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram to track customer sentiment, trends, and feedback.
Social media data can be used to improve customer engagement and brand awareness.
DATA WAREHOUSE ARCHITECTURE:

• Data sources: The sources of data will be identified and connected to the data warehouse.
• ETL tools: The data will be extracted, transformed, and loaded into the data warehouse
using ETL tools.
• Data storage: The data will be stored in a star schema or snowflake schema to provide
efficient querying and analysis.
• Data access: The data will be accessed using OLAP tools or SQL queries.
• Reporting: The data will be used to generate reports and dashboards to provide insights into
the business processes.
WAREHOUSE ARCHITECTURE
ANALYSIS & REPORT
• Simple warehouse architecture- As per the warehouse architecture of Walmart , small retail shops don’t need a complicated warehouse structure . It must remail small because it
doesn’t have operations as Walmart is doing.

• The case study highlights the challenges faced by supermarket chains in managing and analyzing the vast amounts of data generated by their business operations. The traditional
DBMS systems used by supermarkets have limited storage capacity, making it difficult to store and process large volumes of heterogeneous and decentralized data. To address
this challenge, the case study proposes the design of a data warehouse for a supermarket chain to efficiently manage and analyze the data.

• The data warehouse is designed using the star schema or snowflake schema to provide efficient querying and analysis. The data is collected from various sources such as point-
of-sale terminals, online transactions, customer feedback, and inventory systems. The data is then extracted, transformed, and loaded into the data warehouse using ETL tools.

• The conceptual schema design is crucial to ensure that the data warehouse meets the business needs. The business processes such as sales forecasting, inventory management,
customer segmentation, and marketing campaigns are identified and defined to determine the data warehouse's scope.

• The data warehouse architecture includes various components such as data sources, ETL tools, data storage, data access, and reporting and analysis. The data is accessed using
OLAP tools or SQL queries, and advanced analytics techniques such as data mining and machine learning are applied to uncover hidden patterns and trends in the data.

• The reports and dashboards generated using OLAP tools or SQL queries provide insights into the business processes such as sales reports, inventory reports, customer reports,
employee reports, and marketing campaign reports. The data warehouse helps in generating valuable insights for decision-making, enabling the supermarket chain to stay
competitive in the market.
REFERENCES

1. Kimball, R., Ross, M., Thornthwaite, W., Mundy, J., & Becker, B. (2013). The Data Warehouse Toolkit: The
Definitive Guide to Dimensional Modeling. John Wiley & Sons.
2. Inmon, W. H. (2005). Building the data warehouse. John Wiley & Sons.
3. Chaudhuri, S., & Dayal, U. (1997). An overview of data warehousing and OLAP technology. ACM Sigmod Record,
26(1), 65-74.
4. Aggarwal, C. C., & Han, J. (Eds.). (2014). Data Warehousing and Knowledge Discovery. Springer.
5. Walmart Corporate. (2021). Walmart Annual Report. Retrieved from
https://corporate.walmart.com/our-story/annual-report/2021/
6. Hadoop. (2021). Apache Hadoop. Retrieved from https://hadoop.apache.org/
7. Microsoft. (2021). Microsoft Power BI. Retrieved from https://powerbi.microsoft.com/en-us/