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EDP Week 3 Database Management Systems

This document provides an overview of database management systems. It discusses the purpose of databases, the components of a database including tables, fields, and records. It also covers database management systems software, the roles of users, administrators and the physical database. Database models like hierarchical, network and relational models are explained. The document concludes with a discussion of controlling and auditing databases which includes access control and backup control.

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sabila fajriati
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37 views

EDP Week 3 Database Management Systems

This document provides an overview of database management systems. It discusses the purpose of databases, the components of a database including tables, fields, and records. It also covers database management systems software, the roles of users, administrators and the physical database. Database models like hierarchical, network and relational models are explained. The document concludes with a discussion of controlling and auditing databases which includes access control and backup control.

Uploaded by

sabila fajriati
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Database Management Systems

EDP Audit – Week 3


Hall, IT Auditing, Chapter 4

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


CHAPTER REVIEW
CHAPTER 1 Auditing and Internal Control 1
CHAPTER 2 Auditing IT Governance Controls 35
CHAPTER 3 Security Part I: Auditing Operating Systems and Networks 67

CHAPTER 4 Security Part II: Auditing Database Systems 129

CHAPTER 5 Systems Development and Program Change Activities 171


CHAPTER 6 Transaction Processing and Financial Reporting Systems Overview 223
CHAPTER 7 Computer-Assisted Audit Tools and Techniques 289
CHAPTER 8 Data Structures and CAATTs for Data Extraction 327
CHAPTER 9 Auditing the Revenue Cycle 393
CHAPTER 10 Auditing the Expenditure Cycle 469
CHAPTER 11 Enterprise Resource Planning Systems 545
CHAPTER 12 Business Ethics, Fraud, and Fraud Detection 585

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Tujuan Pembelajaran Pertemuan 3 :
 Mampu menjelaskan pengetahuan dasar
tentang Basis Data, Jenis Basis Data, dan
Kendali Basis Data

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Database ??
 Database is…
 Suatu koleksi data komputer yang terintegrasi,
diorganisasikan dan disimpan dengan suatu cara
sehingga memudahkan pengambilan kembali.
 Pusat kumpulan data yang dipakai oleh banyak user
untuk berbagai aplikasi.
 Tujuan:
 Meminimumkan redundancy data.
 Independensi data (tabel)

 Ibarat seperti Data Warehouse.


Week 3 – Database Management Systems
Unsur Database
 Table
• Field (Judul / Column)
• Record (Baris / Row)

 Query / View
• Gabungan tabel (Master dan Transaction file)

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Contoh Aplikasi Database
 mySQL
 SQL Server 2000 – 2017
 Oracle
 Postgre SQL
 Microsoft Access
 DBase

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Kumpulan Database

Kumpulan Table

Isi Database:
 Table
 View

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Daftar Table
Table Properties
Nama Field

Tipe Data:
 DateTime
 Numeric
 Character/Text
 Boolean
 dll

Ukuran Field

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Column
Or Field

Row Or
Record

Isi Table
Week 3 – Database Management Systems
Data Management Approach
 Flat File (Excel, Access, SQLite)

 Database
• More efficient
• Less Space (only in a computer/server)
• Real Time (Updating Time)
• Integrity

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Data Management Approach (cont’d) - Flat
File
 Every data file is not related to other data file.
 Disadvantages
 Data storage - Take A lot of Space
 Data updating - Redundant Update
 Currency of information – outdated information
 Task-data dependency
 Data integration
 Do not use accounting data to support decisions
 Manipulate existing data to suit unique needs
 Obtain additional private sets of data, incurring costs and
operational problems
Week 3 – Database Management Systems
Data Management Approach (cont’d) -
Database
 Integrates all data to a single database to be used/
shared together.
 How database approach eliminates the five
disadvantages of flat files

• Data storage – single storage


• Data updates – single update
• Currency of information – available for all users.
• Task-data dependency
• Data integration – with query

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


DATABASE ENVIRONMENT
 DBMS
 Users
 Database administrator
 Physical database

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Pengertian DBMS
 Perangkat lunak yang menetapkan dan memelihara integrasi
logis antar file.
 Sasaran: menyediakan lingkungan data yang efisien untuk
menyimpan dan mengambil informasi dari dan ke database.

 Typical features
 Program development
 Backup and recovery
 Database usage reporting
 Database access

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Posisi DBMS ?
Database Model

User Aplikasi DB s/w Database

D
B
M
S

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Week 3 – Database Management Systems
DBMS (cont’d)
 Data definition language (DDL)
is a computer language to defining data structure.
(Create, Drop, Alter)

 Views
 Internal / physical view
• Hubungan Database pada hard disk, metode akses
 Conceptual / logical view – db Schema
• Mendeskripsikan keseluruhan database
 External / user view
• Akses user ke database, view data.
Week 3 – Database Management Systems
3 type of View

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Contoh DDL
CREATE TABLE employees (

id PRIMARY KEY,
first_name (50) not null,
last_name (75) not null,
fname (50) not null,
dateofbirth not null );

DROP TABLE employees;

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Database
Schema

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


USERS
 Formal access: application interfaces

 Data Manipulation Language (DML)


Computer language to insert, delete and update data in database.

 Informal access: query


 An ad hoc access to gain information from database.
 SQL (Structured Query Language)
 is industry de facto standard query language
 Select, from, where commands
 Review Figure 4.5 – SQL process
Week 3 – Database Management Systems
Week 3 – Database Management Systems
Database Administrator
 DBA Job:
• Database planning : define data
• Database design : table interconnection
• Implementation,
• Database operation, maintenance
• Database changing & Growth
• Data Dictionary maintenance

 Interactions (figure 4.6)

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


DBA Job Desk

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


DBA Interaction

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Istilah2…
 Interface
 Port
 Hardware
 Data Manipulation Language (DML)
 Query
 Plug & Play
 Server
 Joy Stick
 SQL
 QBE (Query By Example) : view database
 Client

So… The Server provides a plug & play service


for the client…
Week 3 – Database Management Systems
Database Model
 Model Hierarkis
• A hierarchical data model is a data model in which the data is
organized into a tree-like structure. The structure allows repeating
information using parent/child relationships: each parent can
have many children but each child only has one parent.

 Model Jaringan
• The network model allows each record to have multiple parent
and child records, forming a generalized graph structure

 Model Relasional
• Is a collection of data items organized as a set of formally-
described tables from which data can be accessed in many
different waysWeek
without having
3 – Database to reorganize
Management Systems the database tables.
Database Model : Hierarkis
File Master
Barang

File Master
File Stok
Supplier

File File
Pembelian File Penjualan Pengeluaran
Barang Kas

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Week 3 – Database Management Systems
Database Model : Jaringan

File Master
Barang

File Master
File Stok
Supplier

File
File
Pembelian
Penjualan
Barang
Week 3 – Database Management Systems
Database Model : Relasional

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


CONTROLLING & AUDITING
DBMS

 Access Control
 Backup Control

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Access Control
 User Views -> separate user access to db table
 Database authorization table (Fig 4.3, p.157) -> read,
write, delete, modify
 User-defined procedure
• Mother’s maiden name, pet’s name
 Data Encryption

 Biometric device
 Inference Control
 Berapakah total gaji seluruh karyawan? 400jt
 Berapakah total gaji yang bukan lawyer dan bukan
wanita? 360jt
Week 3 – Database Management Systems
Example Encrypted Text
 To Encrypt Text :
 https://codemoji.org/#/encrypt

 To Decrypt Text :
 https://codemoji.org/#/decrypt

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Backup Control
 Flat File
• GPC (Grandparent-Parent-Child)
• Direct access backup
 Database
• Backup
• Transaction Log
• checkpoint

Week 3 – Database Management Systems


Week 3 – Database Management Systems
DBMS : Audit Objectives
 Access Control
 OBJECTIVE: Verify that database access
authority and privileges are granted to users in
accordance with legitimate needs.

 Backup Control
 OBJECTIVE: Verify that backup controls in place
are effective in protecting data files from physical
damage, loss, accidental erasure, and data
corruption through system failures and program
errors.
 Week 3 – Database Management Systems
Week 3 – Database Management Systems
The End

Week 3 – Database Management Systems

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