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Momentum and Impulse

Momentum depends on an object's mass and velocity. It is a vector quantity that includes both magnitude and direction. Impulse is the change in an object's momentum due to a force applied over time. Impulse equals the force applied over the time interval and also equals the change in momentum of the object.

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65 views10 pages

Momentum and Impulse

Momentum depends on an object's mass and velocity. It is a vector quantity that includes both magnitude and direction. Impulse is the change in an object's momentum due to a force applied over time. Impulse equals the force applied over the time interval and also equals the change in momentum of the object.

Uploaded by

Rhea Corpuz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Momentum and Impulse

Momentum
• Momentum can be defined as "mass in
motion." All objects have mass; so if an
object is moving, then it has momentum
• Momentum depends upon the variables
mass and velocity
• Momentum = mass * velocity
• p=m*v
• where m = mass and v=velocity
Momentum is a vector quantity
• To fully describe the momentum of a 5-kg
bowling ball moving westward at 2 m/s,
you must include information about both
the magnitude and the direction of the
bowling ball
• p=m*v
• p = 5 kg * 2 m/s west
• p = 10 kg * m / s west
Elastic and inelastic Collisions
• When a Ball hits the ground and sticks, the
collision would be totally inelastic
• When a Ball hits the ground and bounces
to the same height, the collision is elastic
• All other collisions are partially elastic
collision
Check Your Understanding
• Determine the momentum of a ...
• 60-kg halfback moving eastward at 9 m/s.
– p = mv = 60 kg ( 9 m/s ) Given: m = 60Kg
– 540 kg *m /s east v= 9 m/s
• 1000-kg car moving northward at 20 m/s.
– p = mv = 1000 kg ( 20 m/s )
Find :
– 20,000 kg *m /s north
momentum (p)
Given: m = 1000Kg
v= 20 m/s
Momentum and Impulse
Connection
• To stop such an object, it is necessary to apply a
force against its motion for a given period of time

J = F (t) = m v

en t um
han g e in mom
ul se = C
Imp
Check Your Understanding
• If the halfback experienced a force of 800
N for 0.9 seconds to the north, determine
the impulse Given: F = 800 N
• J = F ( t ) = m v t = 0.9 s
• 800N ( 0.9s ) = 720 N*s Find :
• the impulse was 720 N*s or Impulse (J)
• a momentum change of 720 kg*m/s
Impulse Question #2
• A 0.10 Kg model rocket’s engine is designed
to deliver an impulse of 6.0 N*s. If the rocket
engine burns for 0.75 s, what is the average
force does the engine produce?
• J=F(t)=mDv Given: F = 800 N
• 6.0 N*s = F ( 0.75s ) t = 0.9 s
• 6.0 N*s/ 0.75s = F Find :
• 8.0 N = F Average
Force
Impulse Question # 3
• A Bullet traveling at 500 m/s is brought to
rest by an impulse of 50 N*s. What is the
mass of the bullet? Given: v = 500 m/s
• J = F ( t ) = m v J = 50 N*s
• 50 N*s = m ( 500 m/s – 0 m/s ) Find :
• 50 kg-m/s 2 *s / 500 m/s = m m=?
• .1 kg = m
Summary
• the impulse experienced by an object is
the force*time
• the momentum change of an object is the
mass*velocity change
• the impulse equals the momentum change

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