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Design and Control of An Elevator

The document describes a project to simulate the control of an elevator using a PLC. It involves designing logic for a 4-story building with calls registered on each floor. The process involves the elevator moving up and down between floors to answer calls. C++ is used to simulate the logic with modular functions for the up and down cycles. The code uses variables and conditional statements to control elevator movement and check for calls at each floor. A level translator circuit is also described to interface the different voltage levels between the elevator and PLC.

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AgrajJain
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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19 views

Design and Control of An Elevator

The document describes a project to simulate the control of an elevator using a PLC. It involves designing logic for a 4-story building with calls registered on each floor. The process involves the elevator moving up and down between floors to answer calls. C++ is used to simulate the logic with modular functions for the up and down cycles. The code uses variables and conditional statements to control elevator movement and check for calls at each floor. A level translator circuit is also described to interface the different voltage levels between the elevator and PLC.

Uploaded by

AgrajJain
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A project on the control of an elevator using PLC

To design and simulate the working of an elevator

servicing a four story building To develop logic for the operation of the elevator To simulate the working of the logic in a suitable programming software like C++ To implement the hardware for the level translation of PLC to interfacing card voltage and vice versa

Process
Elevator starts off at the ground floor
Calls from various floors are taken in as input Calls answered as elevator moves up

Elevator reaches top floor


Calls answered as elevator moves down Elevator reaches ground floor Process repeats

Process Chart
Ground floor

DOWN calls answered

Calls

UP calls answered

Top floor

Modules
UP cycle
DOWN cycle

PC Implementation
Choice of C++ based on following factors
Simplicity and familiarity Modular function based approach Number comparison functions

Ease in duplicating and assigning variables


Timer functions Counting functions Logic can be scaled to PLC level Relatively easy debugging

The Code
Modules
Function based Four user defined functions

One main function

Modular Approach
Main() function
Check_call_up() Check_call_down()

Up_cycle()
Down_cycle()

Logic and Code


Header files added are as follows
#include <iostream.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #include <windows.h>

Global Variables defined are as follows


int cur_pos = 0; int calls[4];

Check_call_up()
Checks for up calls
void check_call_up() {

int t; for (int i=cur_pos;i<3;i++) For loop to input calls if (calls[i]==0) { cout<<"Is call pressed in floor "<<(i+1)<<" (Press 1 or 0):"; cin>>t; calls[i]=t; } }

Binary input Temporary variable t Stored in array

Check_call_down()
Similar to check_call_up()

void check_call_down() { int t; for (int i=cur_pos;i>1;i--) if (calls[i]==0) { cout<<"Is call pressed in floor "<<(i-1)<<" (Press 1 or 0):; cin>>t; calls[i]=t; } clrscr(); }

Up_cycle()
Status display messages
Movement of elevator Check for call

Door status message


Check for new calls Repeat cycle

Level Translator Circuit


Elevator interface consists of ICs of 3.5 to 5V high and

0 to 2.5V low PLCs work at a voltage level of 24V high and 0V low Step down part mainly consists of optocoupler ICs Step up part is a TTL circuit

Applications of elevator
Transport of people from floor to floor. Eliminates the

need for stairs or escalators. Carrying loads. Can be used as a scaled down and inexpensive version of a crane or lift. Control via remote location for lifting of heavy goods.

Thank You

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