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Relation and Function

The document discusses relations, functions, and their representations. It defines relations and functions, and how they can be represented through ordered pairs, tables of values, mapping diagrams, and graphs. It also differentiates between the three types of relations (one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one) and defines functions as a special type of relation where each domain value maps to only one range value.

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Kim Rebucas
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
186 views

Relation and Function

The document discusses relations, functions, and their representations. It defines relations and functions, and how they can be represented through ordered pairs, tables of values, mapping diagrams, and graphs. It also differentiates between the three types of relations (one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one) and defines functions as a special type of relation where each domain value maps to only one range value.

Uploaded by

Kim Rebucas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Representations of

Relations and
Functions
Learning Competency
1. Illustrate a relation and a function. (M8AL-IIc-1)

2. Verify if a given relation is a function. (M8AL-IIc-2)

3. Determine dependent and independent variables. (M8AL-IIc-


3)
Relation
- Is a set of ordered pairs.

{(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9)}
- The set of all first coordinates is the domain (x), of the relation. The set of
all second coordinates is the range (y) of the relation.

Domain (x) : {1,2,3,4,5} Input

Range (y) : {1,3,5,7,9} Output


Representations of Relations
Aside from ordered pair, a RELATION can also be represented in three (3)
different ways:
Ex: {(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9)}
x y
X y

1
1 1
1
2 3
2 3
3 5
3 5
4 7
4 7
5 9
5 9

Table of Values Mapping Diagram Graph


Kinds of Relations
x y x y x y
1 1 1 1
2 3 1 3 3 1
3 5 5 5
4 7 3 7 7 5
5 9 9 9

one-to-one one-to-many many-to-one


relation relation relation

one-to-one {(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9)}
one-to-many {(1, 1), (1, 3), (3, 5), (3, 7), (3, 9)}
many-to-one {(1, 1), (3, 1), (5, 1), (7, 5), (9, 5)}
Let’s Try!
Graph and list the domain and range of
each relation. Identify the kind of relation.

{(1, 3), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5), (5, 6)}

Domain (x) :
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
Range (y) :
{3, 3, 4, 5, 6,}
Kind of Relation :
many-to-one correspondence
Function
- A function is a special type of relation. It is a relation in
which every element in the domain is mapped to exactly one
element in the range. Thus, a set of ordered pairs is a function
if no two distinct ordered pairs have equal abscissas.
{(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9)}
FUNCTION
{(1, 1), (2, 3), (1, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9)}
RELATION
Kinds of Relations
x y x y x y
1 1 1 1
2 3 1 3 3 1
3 5 5 5
4 7 3 7 7 5
5 9 9 9

one-to-one one-to-many many-to-one


relation relation relation

one-to-one {(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9)} Function
one-to-many {(1, 1), (1, 3), (3, 5), (3, 7), (3, 9)} Relation
many-to-one {(1, 1), (3, 1), (5, 1), (7, 5), (9, 5)} Function
How will you determine Vertical Line Test
if a graph is a function or
not?

NOT A
FUNCTION
FUNCTION

Vertical Line Test


FUNCTION
If a vertical line crosses the graph of a relation in more than
one point, the relation cannot be a function. If no vertical line
crosses the graph in more than one point, then the graph is a graph
of function.
Functions
Determine whether each relation is a function.
1. A={(1, 1), (2, 1), (3, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9)} Function
2. A={(a, b), (b, d), (c, e), (c, f), (d, e)} Relation
3. X 1 4 8 10 12
y 2 4 6 8 10
Function
4. 5.
Jennie Jin

Kath DJ

Bea Red

Function
Relation
Function
Relation
Function

Relation Function Function

05/09/2023 11
Function

Relation

Relation Function
12
DEPENDENT AND
INDEPENDENT
VARIABLE

Another common representation of a function is the


“function machine”. It illustrates the idea that a single input
number from the domain of the function produces a unique
number in the range of the function. Think of the independent
variable as the input and the dependent variable as the output.
The table below shows the relationship between Do you know that a running
the number of minutes the water runs (x) and faucet can waste about 15
the number of liters of water wasted (y). liters of water per minute?

No. of minutes (x) 1 2 3 4 5

No. of liters (y) 15 30 45 60 75

{(1, 15), (2, 30), (3, 45), (4, 60), (5, 75)}
y=15x
Rule : multiply “x” by 15
Since the number of liters of water wasted (y) depends on the number of
minutes the water runs (x);
x – independent variable (Number of minutes the water runs)
y – dependent variable (Number of liters of water wasted)

No. of minutes (x) 1 2 3 4 5

No. of liters (y) 15 30 45 60 75

y=15x

“y is a function of x”
y=f(x)
DOMAIN Function Rule RANGE
y = 15x
Set of all inputs Set of all outputs

For the running faucet function, the


domain is {x|x0} and the range is {y|
y0}.
Activity: DO YOU KNOW ME?
Direction: Determine which of the following variable is
independent or dependent.
1. time and salary
independent variable: _____________________
dependent variable: _____________________
2. the number of hours boiling and the number of
ounces of water in the pot.
independent variable: _____________________
dependent variable: _____________________
3. The distance covered and the volume of the gasoline
left
independent variable: _____________________
dependent variable: _____________________
4. The number of hours studied to grade on test
independent variable: _____________________
dependent variable: _____________________
5. Height of plant to the number of months grown
independent variable: _____________________
dependent variable: _____________________
ACTIVITY 1: MY CALL
DIRECTION: Read the problem carefully, and then answer the questions that
follow.
Suppose you want to call your mother by phone. The charge of a pay phone
call is Php 9.00 for the first 3 minutes and an additional charge of Php 2.00
for every additional minute or a fraction of it.
1. How much will you pay if you have called your mother 3 minutes? 4
minutes? 5 minutes? 10 minutes?
2. Based on your answers in item 1, write ordered pairs in the form (time,
charged).
3. Based on your answers in item 2; what is the domain? What is the range?
4. What kind of correspondence was shown on the relation?
5. How is the amount charged related to the number of hours you called your
mother?
Summary
A relation is a set of ordered pairs.
The set of all first coordinates is the Domain (x).
The set of all second coordinates is the Range (y).
A relation can be represented through table of values, mapping diagram and
graph.
The three kinds of relation are one-to-one correspondence, one-to-many
correspondence and many-to-one correspondence.
A functions is a relation in which every element in the domain is mapped to
exactly one element in the range
All functions are relations but not all relations are functions.
Vertical line test is used to determine if the graph is a function or not.

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