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Presenting and Interpreting Data in Graphical Form

This document discusses different techniques for presenting data visually, including line graphs, bar graphs, histograms, pie charts, and pictographs. It provides examples and explanations of when each type of graph is most appropriate based on the nature of the data being displayed, such as whether it is continuous or categorical data, and whether comparisons over time or between groups are being made. The key message is that using the right graph is important for clearly communicating findings and interpretations to readers.

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Xavier Naelgas
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155 views

Presenting and Interpreting Data in Graphical Form

This document discusses different techniques for presenting data visually, including line graphs, bar graphs, histograms, pie charts, and pictographs. It provides examples and explanations of when each type of graph is most appropriate based on the nature of the data being displayed, such as whether it is continuous or categorical data, and whether comparisons over time or between groups are being made. The key message is that using the right graph is important for clearly communicating findings and interpretations to readers.

Uploaded by

Xavier Naelgas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presenting and

Interpreting Data in
Graphical Form
To be able to create and present an organized
picture of information from a business report, it is
important to use a certain technique to
communicate findings and interpretations in visual
forms. The common techniques being used to
display data results are tabular, textual and
graphical methods. All these provide an essential
part for data presentation.
1. Line Graph
A line graphs is a graphical presentation of data that shows a
continuous change or trend. It may show an ascending or
descending trend. Line graphs are used to track changes over short
and long periods of time. When smaller changes exist, line graphs
are better to use than bar graphs. Line graphs can also be used to
compare changes over the same period of time for more than one
group.
Line graphs are used for quantitative continuous data and is
appropriate with frequency data.
Figure 1. Philippines: Unemployment rate from 1999 to 2020
Data Source: www.statista.com; published by H. Plecher, Oct. 28, 2020
2. Bar Graph or Bar Chart
A bar graph uses bars to compare categories of data. It may be
drawn vertically or horizontally. A vertical bar is best when
comparing means or percentages between distinct categories. The
categories are measured independently and compared with one
another. A horizontal bar graph may contain more than 5
categories. A bar graph is plotted on either the x axis or the y axis.
The categories may be plotted on one axis while the other axis
contains the numerical values that represent the data being
measured.
2.a Vertical Bar Graph

Figure 2. Age distribution of confirmed COVID-19 cases in the


Philippines in % 18 January – 23 June 2020 (=31 825)
Source: WHO: onenews.ph
2.b Horizontal Bar Graph

Figure 3. Favorite vegetables of catterpillars


3. Histogram
A histogram is a graphical presentation of a frequency
distribution. It is a representation of tabulated frequencies (Y-axis)
using adjacent erected rectangles with their corresponding class
intervals (X-axis). The rectangles are of equal width since the class
mark is used to represent the class intervals.
4.Pie Graph
A Pie graph is also called a circle graph. It is a circle with the
wedges or sectors to show how much of the whole each part makes
up. Each slice of the pie is written in percentage. To get the measure
of each sector in the chart, we compute the following:
 
5. Pictograph
A pictograph uses pictures or symbols to represent quantitative
data. Each symbol corresponds to a specific quantity.
In summary, the graph is your effective channel to your
readers. It gives clarity and emphasis on your data. Know
the right graph and do not miss important facts. It is
advisable to present data using the different types of
graphs.
1. Which make of car was the most popular?
2. Which car sold over 150 each?
3. Which was the lowest selling make?
A survey of students' favorite after-school activities was
conducted at a school. The table below shows the results of
this survey.

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