REVIEW/
RECALL
HYGIENE
SHOW IT NAME IT
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NAIL CLUBBING
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INGROWN TOENAIL
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SPLITTING NAIL
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NAIL FUNGUS
NAIL DISEASES
AND
NAIL DISORDER
•Did you know that Podiatrists can
tell a lot about your general health just
by assessing your nails?
•Nails can change color, shape, and
strength based on your overall health
and well-being.
Taking care of your nails is not just a regular cut and
file but can involve a more holistic approach. Here are
some common nail conditions that we see regularly
NAIL DISEASES
AND DISORDERS
Nail diseases are conditions of both the nail and the surrounding skin,
which result from bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. Some
conditions will show a green, yellow, or black discoloration of the
nail, depending on the nature of the infection. The main course for
infection is through damaged cuticles and broken skin.
NAIL DISORDER-
• are a large group of conditions that
affect the appearance of fingernails
and toenails. Nails can reveal a lot
about your child’s health.
Infections caused by bacteria,
fungus or viruses, underlying
conditions and inherited ailments
can all cause abnormalities in the
nails.
NAIL DISEASES-
• or onychosis is a disease or
deformity of the nail. Although the
nails is a structure produced by the
skin and is a skin appendage, nail
diseases have a distinct
classification as they have their own
signs and sympthoms which may
relate to other medical conditions.
14 Most Common Nail
Disorder
1.BLUE NAILS-
CHARACTERISTICS:
Bluish in color, these
may be attributed to
poor blood circulation
or heart disorder.
CHARACTERISTICS: 2. BRITTLE NAILS
Vertical splitting or
separation of the nail plate
layers at the distal (free)
edge of the nail plate.
Over exposure to detergent
soap and other chemical
solvents may be the cause .
3. BRUISEDNAILS
CHARACTERISTICS:
Shows dark purplish
(almost black or
brown)spots, usually due to
injury and bleeding of the
nail bed. As the nail grows,
dried blood in the nail bed
will also go out.
CHARACTERISTICS:
4. EGGSHELL NAILS
In this disorder, the nail
plate separates from the
nail-bed and curves at the
free edge .
It may be caused by
chronic illness of the
systemic or nervous origin.
CHARACTERISTICS: 5. FURROWS
These are long ridges that run either
lengthwise or across the nail. Some
lengthwise ridges are normal in
adults. These ridges increase with
age and can also be caused by
psoriasis, poor circulation and
frostbite. Ridges that run across the
nail are caused by high fevers,
pregnancy and measles.
6. HANGNAILS
CHARACTERISTICS:
These are marked by a condition
in which the cuticle splits around
the nail. Carelessness in removing
the cuticle ,dryness, cutting off
too much may result in
hangnails . It may cause infection
if not treated.
CHARACTERISTICS: 7. LECONYCHIA OR WHITE SPOT
A white spot appears
frequently in the nails . They
may be caused by injury to
the base of the nail. As the
nail continues to grow ,these
white spots eventually
disappear.
8. PTERYGIUM CHARACTERISTICS:
It is an overgrowth of
cuticles which sticks to
the surfaces of the nail
plate. Carefully remove
the adhering growth by
means of a cuticle nipper.
9. ONYCHATROPHIA
CHARACTERISTICS:
It is described as wasting
away of the nail. The nail
loses its luster, shrinks and
fails. This can be caused by
injury to the nail matrix or
by internal disease.
10.ONYCHAUXIS OR
HYPERTROPHY CHARACTERISTICS:
It is an overgrowth of the
nail usually in thickness
rather than length. It is
caused by an internal
imbalance, such as local
infection or heredity.
ONYCHOPHAGY OR
BITTEN NAIL
•It is a deformity of the
nail plate caused by
biting the nails. Biting
is an acquired nervous
habit which prompts
the individual to chew
the nail or the
hardened cuticle.
ONYCHORRHEXIS
OR SPLIT OR
BRITTLE NAILS
•These are caused by an
injury to the finger ,careless
filing of the nails, excessive
use of cuticle solvents and
nail polish removers. The
nails may be extremely dry
because of granular
disorder
RIDGES
• It is caused by
uneven growth of
the nails, usually
resulting from
illness. Buffing the
nails with paste
polish will help
remove the ridges .
TREATING CUTS
It is caused by an
accident during
manicure . Apply an
antiseptic
immediately . Do not
apply nail polish on
the affected area.
GROUP ACTIVITY
SHORT QUIZ
INSTRUCTION: READ CAREFULLY THE
FOLLOWING QUESTION AND CHOOSE
THE CORRECT ANSWER. WRITE YOUR
ANSWER ON A ¼ SHEET OF PAPER..
WHAT NAIL DISORDER
DO YOU CALL THE
BLUISH COLOR THAT
ATTRIBUTED TO POOR
BLOOD CIRCULATION
OR HEART DISORDER?
A. BLUE NAILS
B. BRITTLE NAILS
C. BRUISEDNAILS
D. EGGSHELL NAILS
2. This nail disorder separates
from the nail-bed and curves at
the free edge . It may be caused
by chronic illness of the systemic
or nervous origin.
A. BLUE NAILS
B. BRITTLE NAILS
C. BRUISEDNAILS
D. EGGSHELL NAILS
3. It is Vertical splitting or
separation of the nail plate layers at
the distal (free) edge of the nail
plate. Over exposure to detergent
soap and other chemical solvents
may be the cause .
A. BLUE NAILS
B. BRITTLE NAILS
C. BRUISEDNAILS
D. EGGSHELL NAILS
4. What nail disorder that
shows dark purplish spots
due to injury and bleeding
of nail bed?
A. BLUE NAILS
B. BRITTLE NAILS
C. BRUISEDNAILS
D. EGGSHELL NAILS
5. Shyla has a condition in
nail disorder which the
cuticle splits around her
nail. Her nails causes
dryness, and infection.
What nail disorder that
Shyla have?
A. CONYCHIA OR WHITE
SPOT
B. FURROWS
C. HANGNAILS
D. EGGSHELL NAILS
6. These ridges increase with
age and can also be caused by
psoriasis, poor circulation and
frostbite. Ridges that run across
the nail are caused by high
fevers, pregnancy and measles.
A. CONYCHIA OR WHITE
SPOT
B. FURROWS
C. HANGNAILS
D. EGGSHELL NAILS
7. It is a white spot appears
frequently in the nails. They
may be caused by injury to the
base of the nail.
A. CONYCHIA OR WHITE
SPOT
B. FURROWS
C. HANGNAILS
D. EGGSHELL NAILS
8. This can be caused by
injury to the nail matrix or
by internal disease it loses
its luster, shrinks and fails.
What nail disorder is this?
a. .PTERYGIUM
b. ONYCHATROPHIA
c. ONYCHAUXIS OR
HYPERTROPHY
d. ONYCHOPHAGY OR BITTEN
NAIL
9. It is caused by uneven growth of
the nails, usually resulting from illness.
a. ONYCHOPHAGY OR BITTEN
NAIL
b. ONYCHORRHEXIS OR SPLIT
OR BRITTLE NAILS
c. .RIDGES
d. TREATING CUTS
10. Lian accidentally cut her nails during
manicure process. She apply immediately
a antiseptic solution to prevent the nail
infection. What nail disorder does Lian she
experience?
a. ONYCHOPHAGY OR BITTEN
NAIL
b. ONYCHORRHEXIS OR SPLIT
OR BRITTLE NAILS
c. .RIDGES
d. TREATING CUTS
