PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD MOTOR

MEET PANDYA

20EE006
 CONSTRUCTION
The printed circuit board (PCB) motor
consists of a rotor in the form a disc
w h i c h i s m a d e u p o f n o n - m a g n e ti c a n d
n o n - c o n d u c ti n g material. Hence, the
printed circuit board motor is also
called as disc armature m o t o r. The
b a s i c c o n s t r u c ti o n o f a p r i n t e d c i r c u i t
b o a r d m o t o r i s s h o w n i n t h e fi g u r e .

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The whole armature winding of the motor
and the commutator are printed in copper
on both sides of the rotor disc. The
brushes are placed around the inner
periphery of the rotor disc.

The disc armature of the motor is placed

between two sets of permanent magnet
p o l e s w h i c h a r e m o u n t e d o n f e r r o m a g n e ti c
e n d p l a t e s . T h i s e n ti r e c o n fi g u r a ti o n o f t h e
m o t o r p r o v i d e s a x i a l m a g n e ti c fl u x t h r o u g h
t h e a r m a t u r e . T h e c u r r e n t s fl o w i n g r a d i a l l y
through the rotor disc interacts with the
axial fl u x to produce the torque that
r o t a t e s   t h e   r o t o r.

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 WORKING
• PCB Motors consist of two parts: The Stator, which holds the actuators and electrical connecting
circuit; and The Rotor, which is pressed onto the surface of the stator and delivers the mechanical
output.

• A traveling wave is generated over the stator surface, acting like a flexible ring to produce elliptical
motion on the rotor interface. The elliptical motion of the contact surface propels the rotor and
the connected drive-shaft. The teeth attached to the stator can be used to increase rotational
speed. Operation depends on friction between the moving rotor and stator as well as amplitude
and quality of the wave traveling on the stator.

• STATOR: A traveling wave is generated within the stator by activating two modes simultaneously.
These modes are induced by a drive circuit performing cos(w t) and sin(w t) signals, respectively,
close to the mechanical resonance of the stator ring. The traveling wave’s direction can be reverse
by changing the sign on one of the drive signals.

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 TYPES OF PCB MOTOR

• There is two types of PCB Motor

1. Axial Flux Motor

2. Radial flux motor

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 AXIAL FLUX MOTOR

• An axial flux motor (also known as an axial gap motor, or pancake motor) is a geometry of electric motor construction where the gap
between the rotor and stator, and therefore the direction of magnetic flux between the two, is aligned parallel with the axis of rotation,
rather than radially as with the concentric cylindrical geometry of the more common radial gap motor

• Axial geometry can be applied to almost any operating principle (e.g. brushed DC, induction, stepper, reluctance) that can be used in a
radial motor. Even within the same electrical operating principle, different application and design considerations can make one geometry
more suitable than the other. Axial geometries allow some magnetic topologies that would not be practical in a radial geometry. Axial
motors are typically shorter and wider than an equivalent radial motor.

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 AXIAL FLUX MOTOR

• Axial motors have been commonly used for low-power applications,

especially in tightly integrated electronics since the motor can be
built directly upon a printed circuit board (PCB), and can use PCB
traces as the stator windings. High-power, brushless axial motors are
more recent, but are beginning to see usage in some electric vehicles.
[2] One of the longest produced axial motors is the brushed DC Lynch
motor, where the rotor is almost entirely composed of flat copper
strips with small iron cores inserted, allowing power-
dense operation.

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 RADIAL FLUX MOTOR
• features of a radial flux permanent magnet motor are
designed on the sides. The copper windings are wrapped
around slots. The flux is generated perpendicular to the axis
of rotation.

• As an example, traditional radial flux BLDC motors consist of a

rotor made of permanent magnets located inside a stator. In
this case:

• A stator contains support known as a yoke, which is outfitted

with "teeth" containing electromagnetic coils

• The teeth function as alternating magnetic poles The rotor’s

magnetic poles interact with the alternating magnetic flux of
the wound stator teeth, resulting in the motor’s torque

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 APPLICATIONS
• The characteristics and the high torque to inertia ratio of the printed circuit board motors make
them suitable for the control applications. The PCB motors have a wide range of applications,
some of them are given as follows −

• 1)PCB motors are used in high-speed tape readers

• 2)PCB motors are used in X-Y recorders Click icon to add picture

• 3)PCB motors are used in point to point tool positioners

• 4)PCB motors are used in robotics and other servo drives.

• 5)PCB motor with an in-built optical position encoder is used in place of the stepper motor.

• 6)The PCB motors are also suitable for some heavy-duty drives like lawn-mowers, heavy
driven vehicles, etc.

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 ADVANTAGES
• The advantages of a printed circuit board motor are given as follows −

• 1)The printed circuit board motor can provide quick acceleration and retardation. Since it has a very low inertia and hence, its torque
to inertia ratio is very high.

• 2)Since the rotor of the printed circuit board motor is made up of non-magnetic material, there is no cogging torque.

• 3)A printed circuit board motor has a high overload current capacity.

• 4)Since there is no iron in the rotor of the printed circuit board motor, the inductance of the armature is low.

• 5)The time constant of the armature is very small due to the low armature inductance of the printed circuit board motor.6)In PCB
motors, the armature current builds up very quickly and the full-load torque is developed almost instantly.

• 6)The lower inductance of the armature of the printed circuit board motor reduces the sparking and significantly increases the brush
life.

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 DISADVANTAGES

• Disadvantages of PCB motors

• Uneven Surfaces

• Not Good for Fine Pitch

• Contains Lead (HASL)

• Thermal Shock

• Solder Bridging

• Plugged or Reduced PTH's (Plated Through Holes)

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THANK YOU

M E E T PA N D YA