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Lesson 2 - Structural Analysis II

The document discusses different methods for analyzing beam deflection, including the moment-area method and conjugate beam method. The moment-area method uses theorems relating slope and displacement to the area under the bending moment diagram. The conjugate beam method models the beam using an equivalent beam with bending moment diagram as loads. Worked examples are provided to demonstrate solving for slope and displacement using these methods.

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40 views

Lesson 2 - Structural Analysis II

The document discusses different methods for analyzing beam deflection, including the moment-area method and conjugate beam method. The moment-area method uses theorems relating slope and displacement to the area under the bending moment diagram. The conjugate beam method models the beam using an equivalent beam with bending moment diagram as loads. Worked examples are provided to demonstrate solving for slope and displacement using these methods.

Uploaded by

STOCK MSOWOYA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Structural Analysis II

Lesson 2

© 2023 PBK
Deflection of beam
B. Moment-Area Method
Moment-Area theorem 1
This method is based on the M/EI diagram shown and is
derived on the basis of the M/EI equation.

Recall, from integration theory:

Thus,

Integrating the M/EI equation (area under the


M/EI diagram) gives the angle θB/A as follows:

Theorem 1: The change in slope between any two points on the elastic
curve equals the area of the M/EI diagram between these two points 2
Deflection of beams
B. Moment area method

3
B. Moment area method continued…
Moment-Area theorem 2
This theorem is based on the relative deviation of tangents to
the elastic curve- see the figure. The deviation is measured
along a vertical line passing through point A.

Assumptions:
• Very small slope of the elastic
curve
• Very
Thus,small deflection
ds ≈ dt; r≈x of the beam
and the arc length, ds = rdθ ↔ dt = xdθ

Substituting dθ with (M/EI) gives:


dt = x(M/EI)dx

Thus, ↔

Theorem 2: The vertical deviation of the tangent at a point (A) on the elastic curve with
respect to the tangent extended from another point (B) equals the “moment” of the area
under the M/EI diagram between the two points (A and B). This moment is computed
about point A (the point on the elastic curve), where the deviation is to be determined. 4
B. Moment area method continued…
Procedure for analysis
1. Draw M/EI diagram
 Determine reactions
 Draw bending moment diagram
 From BMD, draw M/EI diagram
2. Draw an elastic deflection curve indicating all important parameters:
 The displacement to be determined
 Slope to be determined
3. Apply the Moment-area theorem to solve the deflection problem:
 Slope under consideration
 Displacement under consideration

Note that this method may not give a direct value for the deflection parameters for the
beams and one may have to use the determined values in order to get the actual
displacements and slopes
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B. Moment area method continued…
Example

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B. Moment area method continued…

7
C. Conjugate beam method

Thus,
integrating

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C. Conjugate beam method
Conjugate-Beam Supports

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C. Conjugate beam method
Real beams vs conjugate-beam – support illustrations

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C. Conjugate beam method

11
C. Conjugate beam method
Example:
Determine the maximum deflection of the steel beam
shown below. Take E = 200 GPa, I =60 x 106 mm4

Solution
1. Draw a conjugate beam
• Determine reactions using equations of static equilibrium
→ RA = 2 kN; RB = 6 kN
• Establish the bending moment for the beam (BMD) and then M/EI (diagram)
→ Maximum bending moment occurs at the point load =18kNm
→ Maximum M/EI load = 18/EI
• Draw a conjugate beam, indicating the appropriate supports and the M/EI
load. Solve external reactions for the conjugate beam
External reactions for
Conjugate beam
the conjugate beam

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C. Conjugate beam method

Figure

Figure 8-26d: Internal reactions

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