Scribd
Upload
63 views41 pages

Practical Research 1

This document provides information about the nature and process of research. It defines research as a systematic investigation and study of materials and sources to establish facts and reach new conclusions. The document outlines the key characteristics of research, including being empirical, logical, cyclical, analytical, critical, methodical, and replicable. It also discusses important ethical principles in research such as honesty, objectivity, integrity, care, and social responsibility. The seven step research process is defined as defining the problem, reviewing literature, formulating hypotheses, designing the study, collecting data, analyzing data, and writing the report. Qualitative and quantitative research methodologies are also compared. Finally, different types of research are outlined, including applied, basic, correlational

Uploaded by

Rynan Sarabia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
63 views41 pages

Practical Research 1

This document provides information about the nature and process of research. It defines research as a systematic investigation and study of materials and sources to establish facts and reach new conclusions. The document outlines the key characteristics of research, including being empirical, logical, cyclical, analytical, critical, methodical, and replicable. It also discusses important ethical principles in research such as honesty, objectivity, integrity, care, and social responsibility. The seven step research process is defined as defining the problem, reviewing literature, formulating hypotheses, designing the study, collecting data, analyzing data, and writing the report. Qualitative and quantitative research methodologies are also compared. Finally, different types of research are outlined, including applied, basic, correlational

Uploaded by

Rynan Sarabia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 41

Nature and Inquiry

of Research
Choose the words that are related to the
definition of RESEARCH.
Biases System Data
Intuition Theories Validate
Dreams Drama Story
Productivity Experiences Subjective
Instrument Discovery Phenomena
Opinions Investigation Interview
Guessing Literature
INQUIRY-BASED LEARNING
 INQUIRY – a learning process that motivates
you to obtain knowledge or information
about people, things, places, or events.
 HOW WILL YOU INQUIRE?
◦ by INVESTIGATING or ASKING QUESTIONS
 You can collect data, meaning, facts and
information about the object of your inquiry
and examine such data carefully.
INQUIRY-BASED LEARNING
 INQUIRY – a learning process that motivates
you to obtain knowledge or information
about people, things, places, or events.
◦ A problem-solving technique
◦ Elevates your thinking power
◦ Cooperative learning
A seeking for truth, information and
knowledge
 C:\Users\Lara\Downloads\700,000 sandwich
es later, this man is still helping the homeless
.mp4
Discussion Questions
 How does Allan Law and the work he’s doing set an example
for others?
 Why do you think so many people have stepped forward to
help him in his cause?
 What are some other ways we can help those less fortunate
than us?
 How would you go about beginning a delivery organization
of your own in your city?
 Do you believe that what Allan is doing is truly making a
difference? Why or why not?
RESEARCH
 Systematic investigation and study of
materials and sources to establish facts and
reach new conclusions
 It has come up with developing appropriate

solutions to improve the individual’s quality


of life
ROLE OF RESEARCH
 Discovery and creation of knowledge
 Testing, confirmation, revision and

refutation of knowledge
 Advance a discipline or field
 Advancement & improvements in various

aspects of life
 Promotion & tenure of individuals
SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH
 Gather necessary information
 Improve standard of living
 Have a safer life
 Know the truth
 Explore our history
 Understand arts
Identify what type of research is being asked. Choose from the
wordbank below.
ECONOMICAL SOCIAL HEALTH CULTURAL
ENVIRONMENTAL
1. contributes to a better understanding of the causes of
medical conditions
2. increased the understanding of cultural values or social
approaches
3. focuses on improved techniques to ensure sustainable
food production
4. leads to an increased knowledge of people and their
interaction with one another
5. concerning the environment and economy to improve
everyone’s life
CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES
& ETHICS OF RESEARCH
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
 EMPIRICAL
 LOGICAL
 CYCLICAL
 ANALYTICAL
 CRITICAL
 METHODICAL
 REPLICABILITY
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
 EMPIRICAL

◦ Research is based on direct experience


or observation by the researcher
◦ There should be supporting pieces of
evidence and accompanying details for
every variable used in the study
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
 LOGICAL

◦ Research is based on valid


procedures and principles
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
 CYCLICAL

◦ Research is a cyclical process


because it starts with a problem and
ends with a problem
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
 ANALYTICAL

◦ Research utilizes proven analytical


procedures in gathering the data,
whether historical, descriptive,
experimental and case study
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
 CRITICAL

◦ Research exhibits careful and precise


judgment
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
 METHODICAL

◦ Research is conducted in a
methodical manner without bias
using systematic method and
procedures
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
 REPLICABILITY

◦ The research design and procedures


are replicated or repeated to enable
the researcher to arrive at valid and
conclusive results
ETHICS AND RESEARCH
 Researchethics involves the application of
fundamental ethical principles
 ETHICAL PRINCIPLES:
◦ Honesty * Respect for intellectual property
◦ Objectivity * Confidentiality
◦ Integrity* Responsible publication
◦ Carefulness * Social Responsibility
◦ Openness * Non-discrimination
◦ Competence * Legality
RESEARCH PROCESS
 Research is a process that require patience and
thought
 7 Steps of Research Process
◦ 1. define research problem
◦ 2. review of literature
◦ 3. formulate hypotheses
◦ 4. preparing the research design
◦ 5. data collection
◦ 6. data analysis
◦ 7. interpretation and report writing
RESEARCH PROCESS
 Research is expected to be organized. It is also
systematic when there is a definite set of
procedures and steps which you will follow.
 The processes are considered and selected
based on the following factors:
◦ Validity and appropriateness to the research
topics
◦ Manageability including time and reserved
◦ Safety and ethical manners
FIX ME, I’M DIZZY
1. TEGINTYRI – act with sincerity; consistency of thought &
action
2. ENSSENPO – open to criticism and new ideas

3. STETHNO – do not fabricate. Falsify or misinterpret data

4. TYLIAELG – obey relevant laws and government policies

5. OCMENCETEP – maintain & improve professional expertise

6. VYTITIJECOB – avoid/ minimize bias or self-deception

7. ECTERSP – treating them fairly

8. SSENERACUFL – keep good records or research;avoid errors

9. TIONANNODISMICRIN – avoid discrimination

10. TITIAYDENLIFCNO – protect confidentiality


QUALITATIVE AND
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Two broad Methodologies of Research
 1. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
 2. QUANTITATIVE RESAERCH
Two broad Methodologies of Research
 1. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
◦ Deals with designs, techniques and
measures that do not produce
discrete numerical data
◦ Involves extensive narrative data in
order to gain insights into
phenomena
Two broad Methodologies of Research
 2. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
◦ More often associated with hard data
◦ It is used to quantify – to put
numerical equivalents to findings
◦ It quantifies attitudes, opinions,
behaviors, and other defined
variables
Differences of Qualitative & Quantitative
Research
QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE
Objectives In-depth understanding of Quantification of data
underlying reasons and
motivations Measurement of incidence, etc

Data Analysis Non-statistical Statistical


Contextual
Thematic
Outcomes Not conclusive nor Broad based insights
generalizable Population based
understanding
Commonalities of Qualitative & Quantitative
Research
 Empirical research is aimed at
creating new knowledge
 Research creates knowledge by

observing phenomena
Commonalities of Qualitative & Quantitative
Research
 All the entities of interest like

attitudes, motives and learning can be


inferred from observing what people
do or say in each setting
 All researchers are concerned about

the universality of ideas or expressing


an idea in a general statement
TYPES AND EXAMPLES OF RESEARCH
IN DIFFERENT AREAS OR FIELDS
1. APPLIED RESEARCH
 Designed to solve practical
problems of the modern world
rather than to acquire knowledge
for knowledge’s sake
 The goal is to improve human

condition
2. BASIC RESEARCH
 Advances fundamental knowledge
about the human world
 Focuses on refuting or supporting

theories
3. CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH
 Systematic investigation or
statistical study of relationships
among two or more variables
 Seeks to establish relation or

association between two or more


variables
4. DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
 Also known as statistical research
 Provides an accurate portrayal of

a class or a particular individual


situation or group
 It is a means of discussing new

meanings, describing what exists


5. ETNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH
 Investigation of a culture through
an in-depth study of the members
of the culture
 Involves systematic collection,

description & analysis of data for


development of theories of
cultural behavior
6. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
 Objective,systematic, controlled
investigation for the purpose of
predicting and controlling
phenomena and examining
probability and causality among
selected variables
7. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH
 This type is conducted for a problem
that has not been clearly defined
 Helps determine the best research

design, data collection method &


selection of subjects
 Can be informal relying on secondary

research such as review, available


literature and/or data
8. HISTORICAL RESEARCH
 Involves analysis of events that
occurred in the remote or recent
past
 Show patterns that occurred in the

past that can help to see where we


came & what kind of solutions we
have used in the past
9. PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH
 Aim to describe an experience as
it is lived by the person
 Concerned with the study of

experience from the perspective


of the individual
10. ACTION RESEARCH
 Applications of the steps of the
scientific method in the classroom
problems
 It is done in very limited scope
 Population to be studied is not so

big
 Helpful to beginning researchers

You might also like