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EVS Case Study

The Great Smog of London in December 1952 was a severe air pollution event caused by cold weather conditions trapping smoke from coal fires and industrial emissions close to the ground. It is estimated to have caused between 4,000 to 12,000 deaths from respiratory illnesses. In response, the British government passed the Clean Air Act in 1956, which established smoke-free zones and restricted coal burning. Homeowners were also offered incentives to switch to cleaner heating sources like gas and electricity. While change was gradual, the Clean Air Act helped improve public health in Britain by reducing air pollution.

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134 views8 pages

EVS Case Study

The Great Smog of London in December 1952 was a severe air pollution event caused by cold weather conditions trapping smoke from coal fires and industrial emissions close to the ground. It is estimated to have caused between 4,000 to 12,000 deaths from respiratory illnesses. In response, the British government passed the Clean Air Act in 1956, which established smoke-free zones and restricted coal burning. Homeowners were also offered incentives to switch to cleaner heating sources like gas and electricity. While change was gradual, the Clean Air Act helped improve public health in Britain by reducing air pollution.

Uploaded by

Samrudhi Patil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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The London’s

Killer Fog - 1952


EVS PPT by group 4....
Nelson Column
(1952)

     Introduction to Case Study

• The Great Smog of London, or Great Smog of 1952, was a severe air


Nelson Column
pollution event that affected London, England, in December 1952. A
(2022) period of unusually cold weather, combined with an anticyclone and
windless conditions, collected airborne pollutants—mostly arising
from the use of coal.
• Government medical reports in the weeks following the event
estimated that up to 4,000 people had died as a direct result of the
smog and 100,000 more were made ill by the smog's effects on the
human respiratory tract.
• Most recent research suggests that the total number of fatalities
may have been estimated between 10,000 and 12,000 deaths.
Why and When it happened... 
Great Smog of London, lethal smog that covered the city of London for five days (December 5–9) in 1952.

The Great Smog of 1952 was a pea-souper of unprecedented severity, induced by both weather and
pollution. On the whole, during the 20th century, the fogs of London had become more infrequent, as
factories began to migrate outside the city.

On December 5, an anticyclone settled over London, a high-pressure weather system that caused an


inversion whereby cold air was trapped below warm air higher up.

Consequently, the emissions of factories and domestic fires could not be released into the atmosphere
and remained trapped near ground level. The result was the worst pollution-based fog in the city’s
history.
Visibility was so impaired in some parts of London that pedestrians were
unable to see their own feet.

Aside from the Underground, transportation was severely restricted.


Ambulance services suffered, leaving people to find their own way to
hospitals in the smog. Many people simply abandoned their cars on the
Effects Of Killer road.

Fog There was a spike in deaths and hospitalizations relating


to pneumonia and bronchitis, and herds of cattle in Smithfield reportedly
choked to death.

On December 9, its severity was not fully appreciated until the registrar
general published the number of fatalities a few weeks later, which
amounted to about 4,000. The effects of the smog were long-lasting,
however, and present-day estimates rank the number of deaths to have
been about 12,000.
POST DISASTER CAUTIONS

After the events of 1952, the


seriousness of London’s air
The act established smoke-free areas
pollution became undeniable. Slow to
throughout the city and restricted the
act at first, the British government
burning of coal in domestic fires as
ultimately passed the Clean Air
well as in industrial furnaces.
Act four years later, in 1956, as a
direct response to the lethal fog.

Though change was gradual and


another smog crisis occurred in 1962,
Moreover, homeowners were offered
the Clean Air Act is generally
grants that would allow them to
considered a major event in the
switch to different heating sources,
history of environmentalism, and it
such as oil, natural gas, and electricity.
helped improve public health
in Britain.
Vedashree:
Conclusion - Individual karo apni

Samurudhi: Divyanshi:

Aditya N.: Sarvesh: For me, the conclusion of this case


study is that, government played
important role in implementing Clean
Air Act, 1962 and by encouraging
people to use newer technology
other than burning coal
Thank You!!!

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