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DC System - Mar 2023

The document discusses DC power systems which provide backup power during blackouts. It includes 3 key components: rechargeable batteries like lead acid and nickel cadmium, battery chargers to charge the batteries, and DC distribution boards. It then describes the working principles of lead acid batteries which use lead, lead dioxide, and sulfuric acid reactions and nickel cadmium batteries which use nickel oxide, cadmium, and potassium hydroxide reactions to store and release power. Standards and different types of batteries are also covered.

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Srikanth Purushothaman
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49 views23 pages

DC System - Mar 2023

The document discusses DC power systems which provide backup power during blackouts. It includes 3 key components: rechargeable batteries like lead acid and nickel cadmium, battery chargers to charge the batteries, and DC distribution boards. It then describes the working principles of lead acid batteries which use lead, lead dioxide, and sulfuric acid reactions and nickel cadmium batteries which use nickel oxide, cadmium, and potassium hydroxide reactions to store and release power. Standards and different types of batteries are also covered.

Uploaded by

Srikanth Purushothaman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DC SYSTEM

Presented by,

Srikanth P

DCE/Electrical (PSE)
CONTENTS

• What is DC system ?
• Components of DC System
• Type of Batteries
• Working Of Lead Acid Batteries
• Working of Ni-Cd Batteries
• Codes & Standards

DC SYSTEM 2
DC SYSTEM ??

• Direct Current Power Supply system providing Control


Power during plant normal operation and feeding
critical loads during Plant Black out condition.

• Unlike Alternating Current, DC supply can be stored


for a finite period, hence would be available during
emergency operation / Plant disturbance condition.

DC SYSTEM 3
COMPONENTS OF DC SYSTEM

• Rechargeable Batteries

• Battery Chargers (Float charger/Boost Charger )

• DC Distribution Boards

DC SYSTEM 4
TYPES OF BATTERIES
Based on the Functional Material

•Lead Acid Batteries

•Nickel Cadmium Batteries

Based on the Construction

•Lead acid Tubular Construction ( Vented Batteries)

•Lead acid Plante Construction ( Vented Batteries)

•Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) / Sealed Maintenance Free (SMF)

•Vented Nickel Cadmium Batteries

•SMF Ni-Cd Batteries

DC SYSTEM 5
WORKING OF LEAD ACID BATTERIES

Main active materials to construct a lead acid battery

• Lead peroxide (PbO2) as Positive Electrode

• Soft sponge lead (Pb) as Negative Electrode

• Dilute sulfuric acid (H2SO4) with a ratio of water : acid =


3:1.

DC SYSTEM 6
WORKING OF LEAD ACID BATTERIES

DC SYSTEM 7
WORKING OF LEAD ACID BATTERIES

DC SYSTEM 8
WORKING OF LEAD ACID BATTERIES

DC SYSTEM 9
WORKING OF Ni-Cd BATTERIES

Main active materials to construct a Ni-Cd battery

• Nickel Oxide-hydroxide as positive plate

• Cadmium as Negative Plate

• Alkaline Electrolyte (Potassium Hydroxide)

DC SYSTEM 10
WORKING OF Ni-Cd BATTERIES

DC SYSTEM 11
WORKING OF Ni-Cd BATTERIES

DC SYSTEM 12
LEAD ACID BATTERIES

DC SYSTEM 13
LEAD ACID BATTERY - CATEGORZATION

DC SYSTEM 14
CONSTRUCTION

DC SYSTEM 15
CONSTRUCTION

DC SYSTEM 16
CONSTRUCTION

DC SYSTEM 17
CONSTRUCTION

DC SYSTEM 18
CONSTRUCTION

DC SYSTEM 19
CONSTRUCTION

DC SYSTEM 20
MERITS OF PLANTE CONSTRUCTION

•In Case of Loss of material due to shedding , next layer of Pure


Lead is converted into lead-oxide resulting in No loss of
capacity, i.e Continuous regeneration of active material

•No Ageing factor to be considered while sizing the battery

No

DC SYSTEM 21
DC SYSTEM : Part -2 Covers..

•VRLA Battery

•Ni-Cd Battery

•Comparison between Various Batteries

•Sizing of Batteries

•Various modes of Battery Charging

•Applicable Standards

No

DC SYSTEM 22
Thank You !

DC SYSTEM 23

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