Fire Safety & Prevention
Presented by :- Isuru Abhiman (00155159)
Pamod Thisara (00150397)
From DIE 117
Presentation Objectives
To educate participants on how to
avoid fires and fire related injuries.
To create awareness of fire deaths
and injuries and their common causes.
To inform participants of their
personal responsibility toward fire
safety and injury prevention.
What is FIRE?
FIRE is the rapid oxidation of a material in the exothermic
chemical process of burning, releasing heat, light and
various reaction products.
Types of FIRE
Class A
Class B
Class C
Class D
Class E
Class A
Fires involving solid materials such as wood, paper or
textiles.
Extinguishing medium – water.
Class B
Fires involving flammable liquids such as petrol, diesel or
oils.
Extinguishing medium – Foam, Co2 , DCP(dry chemical
portable extinguisher).
Class C
Fires involving gases such as Methene (CH4),
Propene(C3H6),LPG (Liquified petroleum gas).
Extinguishing medium – DCP, CO2,water.
Class D
Fires involving metals such as Aluminum, Magnesium,
Copper etc.
Extinguishing medium – DCP, sand, Dry soil, Lime Stone,
Ash.
Warning : Do not use water in this type of fire.
Class E
Fires involving live electrical apparatus.(Technically
‘class E’ doesn't exists however this is used for
convenience here).
Fire Causes
The top fire causes include:
Cooking (49%)
Open Flame (10%)
Heating (9%)
Incendiary/Arson (8%)
Smoking (4%)
*leading cause of fire fatalities
Personal vigilance is the best way to avoid and survive fires!
Cooking Fires
Keep flammable items away from heat sources (Curtains,
potholders, towels, clothing).
Clean your stovetop frequently to avoid grease build
up.
Keep flammable cleaners away
from heat sources.
Grease Fires
Always have the matching lid nearby!
If you have a small grease fire you can smother it with the
lid.
Never put water on a Grease fire!
Smoking Related Fires
Smoking is the leading cause of fire deaths.
Tips to avoid smoking related fires:
Discard smoking materials in a fire safe container.
Use a proper, heavy ashtray which
won’t tip easily.
Don’t improvise!
Don’t smoke in bed.
Candles
Unattended candles are a leading fire cause.
Candle safety tips:
Use flameless candles.
When you leave the room, blow out the candle.
Keep anything that could burn at least a foot away
(curtains, clothes, paper).
Don’t set the candles on anything combustible (Fires can
start when the candle burns down to the base).
Electrical Safety
Do not overload electrical sockets.
Do not run cords under rugs or furniture (They can become
worn, overheat, and cause a fire).
Avoid putting cords against walls or across doorways.
Use power strips equipped with overload protection.
Make sure all power strips and extension cords are tested
and approved.
Escape Routes
Know your escape routes and practice them.
When the smoke alarm sounds, you may only have seconds
or minutes to escape safely.
Have a meeting place for everyone to gather outside.
Plan two ways out, in case one way is filled with smoke or
fire.
Important Safety Elements
Alarms (Smoke, Carbon Monoxide)
Fire extinguishers.
Residential Fire Sprinkler Systems.
Fire Extinguishing Method
1) COOLING : Extinguishing fir by Water.
2) SMOTHERING : Extinguishing fire by Foam.
3) STARAVATION : Extinguishing fire by removing burning
components.
Types Of Fire Extinguisher
Depends on fire extinguish
1) Water type.
2) Foam type.
3) Gas type.
4) Powder type.
Operating System
What Can We Do On a Real Fire
If on fire;
Stop, Drop, Cover and Roll.
Smother the flames with a blanket.
Move away from heat source.
First Aid For Burn Injuries
For all burns apply cold running (tap) water for at least
20 minutes.
If running water not available, wet 2 cloths and alternate
them onto the burn every 2 minutes.
Keep the rese of the body warm.
Do NOT use ice, butter and creams.
If You Have a Fire…
Leave, close the door, and call 1-1-9 from outside.
Report ALL fires to the fire department, even if you think
you put them out!
Don’t ignore alarms! (Even if your building has frequent
alarms, you need to leave when they go off).
Once you’re out, STAY OUT! (Don’t go back inside for
possessions or pets)
You never know when it could be a real fire.
