Scribd
Upload
31 views

Midterm Topic - 1

The MARPOL 73/78 Convention aims to minimize pollution of the seas caused by ships. It was adopted in 1973 and amended by the 1978 Protocol. Its objective is to preserve the marine environment by eliminating pollution from oil, harmful substances, and minimizing accidental discharge. It covers accidental and operational oil pollution as well as pollution from noxious liquid substances, harmful substances in packaged form, sewage, and garbage. Parties to the Convention are responsible for ensuring vessels flying their flag comply with its requirements, which include surveys and inspections of ships, and issuance of relevant certificates.

Uploaded by

Oleg Junard
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
31 views

Midterm Topic - 1

The MARPOL 73/78 Convention aims to minimize pollution of the seas caused by ships. It was adopted in 1973 and amended by the 1978 Protocol. Its objective is to preserve the marine environment by eliminating pollution from oil, harmful substances, and minimizing accidental discharge. It covers accidental and operational oil pollution as well as pollution from noxious liquid substances, harmful substances in packaged form, sewage, and garbage. Parties to the Convention are responsible for ensuring vessels flying their flag comply with its requirements, which include surveys and inspections of ships, and issuance of relevant certificates.

Uploaded by

Oleg Junard
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 27

Topic: Convention of Marine pollution

(Uploaded by: Study IQ education)


• WHAT IS MARPOL CONVENTION?

• WHEN IT IS ADOPT?

• CATALYST OF THE CONVENTION


(Marinesight.com)
URL:

. https://youtu.be/HGY6EYjO4Y0
Teaching-Learning Activity
Week 1

LO 1.2

LECTURE NOTES:
Topic: Major sources of pollution and its effects to the marine environment
 
 
30% BY SHIPS

HELLENICSHIPPINGNEWS.COM
70% BY LAND

(Sources: eea.europa.eu)
Shipping by numbers
 
The world's biggest container ships have 109,000 horsepower
engines which weigh 2,300 tons.
Each ship expects to operate 24hrs a day for about 280 days a year
There are 90,000 ocean-going cargo ships
Shipping is responsible for 18-30% of all the world's nitrogen oxide
(NOx) pollution and 9% of the global sulphur oxide (SOx) pollution.
One large ship can generate about 5,000 tonnes of sulphur oxide
(SOx) pollution in a year
70% of all ship emissions are within 400km of land.
85% of all ship pollution is in the northern hemisphere.
Shipping is responsible for 3.5% to 4% of all climate change emissions
 
Marine pollution has been an ever-present problem
since the advent of large-scale agricultural activity and
industrialization. However, significant laws and
regulations at an international level to tackle the
problem came only in the mid-twentieth century. During
United Nations Conventions on the Law of the Sea in the
early 1950s, the various stakeholders come together to
deliberate and formulate laws pertaining to marine
pollution. Till mid-twentieth century the majority of the
scientists maintained that oceans were vast enough to be
able to dilute the amount of pollution being drained into
them, thus, considering pollution harmless to the marine
life.
-CAUSES OF MARINE POLLUTION

-TYPES OF MARINE POLLUTION

a. Eutrophication
b. Acidification
c. Toxins
d. Plastics

-EFFECTS OF MARINE POLLUTION

-STEPS TO PREVENT MARINE POLLUTION


Teaching-Learning Activity
Week 1

LO 1.3

LECTURE NOTES:
Topic:

Principles, responsibilities and objective in MARPOL 73/78

(Jenine Gamil on Prezi Next)


OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this convention is to


 
• preserve the marine environment

• attempt to completely eliminate pollution by oil and other


harmful substances

• minimize accidental spillage of such substances.


MARPOL 73/78

aims to minimize pollution of the seas, including dumping,


oil and exhaust pollution. Its stated objective is “to preserve
the marine environment through the complete elimination
of pollution by oil and other harmful substances and the
minimization of accidental discharge of such substances.
 
Reducing Waste on Ships to Reduce Marine Pollution

Waste and Garbage generated onboard ships which contribute to


marine pollution comprise of chiefly plastics, dunnage and packing
material, cleaning material and rags, paper products, food waste,
remains of paints, solvents and chemicals. Proper handling of
these waste products is critical to prevent marine pollution.
Plastic pollution is one of the greatest threats to ocean health
worldwide.
• 4 and 12 million metric tons of plastic enter the ocean each year—enough to cover
every foot of coastline on the planet! And that amount is projected to triple in the
next 20 years.

• Scientists estimate that more than half of the world’s sea turtles and nearly every
seabird on Earth have eaten plastic in their lifetimes.

• One of the reasons that plastic pollution is such a problem is that it doesn’t go
away: “plastics are forever
Everyone can do something to reduce the amount of plastic that enters the
ocean, and millions of people worldwide are already taking action to reduce
their plastic use.

1. Reduce Your Use of Single-Use Plastics

Wherever you live, the easiest and most direct way that you can
get started is by reducing your own use of single-use plastics.
Single-use plastics include plastic bags, water bottles, straws, cups,
utensils, dry cleaning bags, take-out containers, and any other
plastic items that are used once and then discarded.
2. Recycle Properly

This should go without saying, but when you use single-use (and
other) plastics that can be recycled, always be sure to recycle
them. At present, just 9% of plastic is recycled worldwide.
Recycling helps keep plastics out of the ocean and reduces the
amount of “new” plastic in circulation. 
3. Participate In (or Organize) a Beach or River Cleanup

Help remove plastics from the ocean and prevent them from
getting there in the first place by participating in, or 
organizing a cleanup of your local beach or waterway. This is one
of the most direct and rewarding ways to fight ocean plastic
pollution. You can simply go to the beach or waterway and collect
plastic waste on your own or with friends or family, or you can join
a local organization’s cleanup or an international event like the 
International Coastal Cleanup.
4. Support Bans

Many municipalities around the world have enacted 


bans on single use plastic bags, takeout containers, and bottles.
You can support the adoption of such policies in your community.
5. Avoid Products Containing Microbeads

• Microbeads are found in some face scrubs, toothpastes, and


bodywashes.
• Avoid products containing plastic microbeads by looking for
“polythelene” and “polypropylene” on the ingredient labels of
your cosmetic products
6. Spread the Word

Tell your friends and family about how they can be part of the
solution
7. Support Organizations Addressing Plastic Pollution

There are many non-profit organizations working to reduce and


eliminate ocean plastic pollution
URL: https://youtu.be/pkzOQuOz79g
THANK YOU…
OIC-NW BROSAS, JEFFREY F., MarAd

You might also like