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Power Theft Detection

Power theft costs India billions of rupees annually. The document proposes a system using power line communication (PLC) and technologies like tamper-proof meters to detect illegal electricity usage. PLC modules connected to energy meters would monitor usage and detect discrepancies, alerting utilities to potential theft. Pre-paid meters that disconnect power after credit is used and plastic encasements also deter theft. Implementing detection technologies and enforcing penalties can significantly reduce electricity theft in India.

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SOURAV KUMAR
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163 views

Power Theft Detection

Power theft costs India billions of rupees annually. The document proposes a system using power line communication (PLC) and technologies like tamper-proof meters to detect illegal electricity usage. PLC modules connected to energy meters would monitor usage and detect discrepancies, alerting utilities to potential theft. Pre-paid meters that disconnect power after credit is used and plastic encasements also deter theft. Implementing detection technologies and enforcing penalties can significantly reduce electricity theft in India.

Uploaded by

SOURAV KUMAR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

POWER THEFT DETECTION

Presented By : Sourav Kumar


Roll N0 : 04
Reg No : 1901289277
Branch : EEE
INTRODUCTION
India, the largest democracy with an
estimated population of about 1.04 billion, is
on a road to rapid growth in economy.
Energy, particularly electricity, is a key input
for accelerating economic growth.
The theft of electricity is a criminal
offence and power utilities are losing
billions of rupees in this account.
The following sections will describe the
proposed detection and control system for
illegal electricity usage using the power 2
WHAT IS POWER THEFT….???
• It is the use of electrical power without a contract with a
supplier with total or partial bypassing metering system, or
• Interfering this system in the way to adulterate its
. measurements.

• Power theft includes *Direct hooking from


line
. *Bypassing the energy meter *Injecting
foreign element
into the energy meter *Physical obstruction
• World
etc.. loses US$89.3 billion annually to electricity theft.
The
. highest losses were in India ($16.2 billion), followed
by Brazil ($10.5 billion) and Russia ($5.1 billion).

3
THEFT OCCURS WHEN:
⚫ An illegal consumer(not a registered customer)
steals directly from the distribution lines or from another
legal customer.

⚫ A legal customer(registered customer) steals either


bypassing the meter (connecting around the meter to a
live cable on the company side of the meter) or
tampering with the meter to make it read less or no
consumption.

⚫ There is a collusion between the customer and


company
a employee to reduce the amount paid to the
company (with lower side payments to the employee in
return). 4
POWER THEFT METHODS
⚫ Meters:
• Tampering with meters and seals
• By-passing the meters
• Damaging or removing meters

⚫ Wires/ Cables:
• Illegal tapping to bare wires or underground cables
⚫ Transformers:
• Illegal taps of overhead lines on the low side of the
terminal
transformer
⚫ Billing irregularities made by meter readers.

⚫ Unpaid bills by individuals, government institutions and “untouchable”


VIPs.
5
FEW OTHER WAYS OF POWER THEFT

 Use of single phase supply from three phase supply.

 Disconnected neutral from both the ends.

 Used earth/separate neutral for return circuit.

 Connecting phase voltage to neutral of used single phase


supply. Potential difference w.r.t. neutral of used single
phase supply is zero. Hence power product of voltage and
current, will be zero.

 Isolating neutral from both ends.


6
.

7
⚫ HOW CAN ELECTRICITY THEFT BE
REDUCED

NON TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

 Financial rewards:
Utility companies encourage consumers to report electricity theft
‡
 Periodic checks:
Electricity theft frequently takes place after service has been
disconnected. Some utility companies periodically check
disconnected meters if the customer has not contacted them to
reconnect service.

 Enforcement of law:
Fines should be imposed by the government for stealing electricity.
TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

 Electronic tamper detection


meter

 Pre payment meters

 Plastic meter encasements

 Anti theft cable

 Using GSM

 Using PLCs
9
Plastic Meter Encasements
Hard plastic encasements are a
type of a meter seal. These
transparent plastic covers serve as
a warning and therefore reduce
electricity theft.

10
Pre-Payment Meters
 Credit added to the meter on
a keypad.
 Credit is purchased on a
rechargeable token or a card
and entered into the meter
with disconnection ability
 It help in the reduction of
non paid bills and meter
reading iregularities

11
Electronic Tamper Detection Meters
⚫ High performance Electronic Tamper
Detection Meter reference design that
integrates an ultra low- power tilt sensor
used for electronic tamper detection.

Automatic detection of :
Meter tamper
Meter Bypass
Meter
disconnection

12
13
Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)
⦿PLC Presents an interesting and economical solution for
automatic meter reading (AMR).
⦿If an AMR system via PLC is set in a power delivery
system, a detection system for illegal electricity
usage may be easily added in the existing PLC
network.
⦿ In the detection system, the second digitally energy
meter chip is used and the value of energy is stored.
The recorded energy is compared with the value at the
main kilowatt-hour meter.
⦿ In the case of difference between two recorded energy
data, in error signal is generated and transmitted via
PLC network. 14
Programming of PLC
Early PLC’s
were
programmed by
using specific
purpose
programming
terminals.

Recently PLC’s are


programmed
15
using application
INSTALLTION OF PLC
 Power meters with PLC modules will be installed near the
top of the power polls.
 Meters installed in high places will send data of the
used amount to each household through power lines.
 Homeowners can then check the amount on the
used displays installed in each house.
 This means that the measurement function and the display
function of the meters will be separated.
 Power theft is prevented by installing HD-PLC-
mounted power meters on a high position on power polls,
while theof power used in each household can still
amount
be checked.
17
Modern PLC’s
18
DEFINITION ON AMR
⚫ AMR(AUTOMATIC METER READING) automates the
process of measurement through digital communication
techniques.
19
⚫ Automatic meter reading, or AMR, is the technology
of automatically collecting consumption, diagnostic,
and status data from energy metering devices or
water meter (gas, electric) and transferring that data to
a central database for billing, troubleshooting, and
analyzing.
⚫ This technology mainly saves utility providers the
expense of periodic trips to each physical location to
read a meter.
⚫ Billing can be based on near real-time consumption
rather than on estimates based on past or predicted
consumption.
⚫ AMR technologies include handheld, mobile and network
20
FUNCTONS OF AMR SYSTEM

⦿Every user has two PLC modems; one is for AMR


and the other is used to send the data from
second energy meter chip to host PLC modem.
⦿An energy meter must be connected in the
connection box between a home line and main
power lines.
⦿The host PLC unit must be placed in the
distribution transformer and the configuration of
the addressing format of PLC signaling must be
designed carefully.
GSM BASED AUTOMATIC METER 21
READING
22
GSM MODEM
CONCLUSION 23

⚫By using techniques above the crime of


stealing power may be brought to an
end and thereby a new bloom may be
expected in the economy of
ourmotherland and also there will be
less scarcity for power utilisation

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