Scribd
Upload
28 views

DC Generators Introduction, Equivalent Circuit, Working

DC generators are machines that convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. They have an equivalent circuit similar to DC motors but with reversed current flow and brush losses. There are five main types of DC generators: separately excited, shunt, series, cumulatively compounded, and differentially compounded. A separately excited generator has an external power source for its field coils, while a shunt generator supplies its own field current directly from its terminals. A series generator has its field coils connected in series with the armature. Compounded generators combine series and shunt fields to improve voltage regulation.

Uploaded by

malik karim dad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
28 views

DC Generators Introduction, Equivalent Circuit, Working

DC generators are machines that convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. They have an equivalent circuit similar to DC motors but with reversed current flow and brush losses. There are five main types of DC generators: separately excited, shunt, series, cumulatively compounded, and differentially compounded. A separately excited generator has an external power source for its field coils, while a shunt generator supplies its own field current directly from its terminals. A series generator has its field coils connected in series with the armature. Compounded generators combine series and shunt fields to improve voltage regulation.

Uploaded by

malik karim dad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

DC Generators Introduction,

Equivalent Circuit, Working


DC generators are dc machines used as generators.

There is no real difference between a generator and a motor


except for the direction of power flow

DC generators are quite rare in modern power systems.

Even dc power systems such as those in automobiles now use ac


generators plus rectifiers to produce dc power
All generators are driven by a source of mechanical power, which is usually
called the prime mover of the generator.

A prime mover for a dc generator may be a steam turbine, a diesel engine,


or even an electric motor.

Since the speed of the prime mover affects the output voltage of a
generator, and since prime movers can vary widely in their speed
characteristics, it is customary to compare the voltage
regulation and output characteristics of different generators, assuming
constant speed prime movers
The equivalent circuit of a dc generator is shown in Figure
A simplified version of the equivalent circuit is shown in
Figure

They look similar to the equivalent circuits of a dc motor, except that


the direction of current flow and the brush loss are reversed.
There are five major types of dc generators

1. Separately excited generator


2. Shunt generator.
3. Series generator
4. Cumulatively compounded generator.
5. Differentially compounded generator.
SEPARATELY EXCITED GENERATOR

A separately excited dc generator is a generator whose field


current is supplied by a separate external dc voltage source.
The equivalent circuit of such a machine is shown in Figure
In this circuit, the voltage VT represents the actual voltage
measured at the terminals of the generator, and the current IL
represents the current flowing in the lines connected to the
terminals.

The internal generated voltage is EA, and the armature current


is lA.
SHUNT DC GENERATOR

A shunt dc generator is a dc generator that supplies its own field


current by having its field connected directly across the terminals of
the machine.

The equivalent circuit of a shunt dc generator is shown in Figure


This type of generator has a distinct advantage over the separately
excited dc generator in that no external power supply is required for the
field circuit
SERIES DC GENERATOR

A series dc generator is a generator whose field is connected in


series with its armature.

Since the armature has a much higher current than a shunt field,
the series field in a generator of this sort will have only a very few
turns of wire, and the
wire used will be much thicker than the wire in a shunt field.
The equivalent circuit of a series dc generator is shown in
Figure
CUMULATIVELY COMPOUNDED
DC GENERATOR
A cumulatively compounded dc generator is a dc generator
with both series and shunt fields, connected so that the
magnetomotive forces from the two fields are additive.

The dots that appear on the two field coil s have the same
meaning as the dots on a transformer.
Current flowing into a dot produces a positive
magnetomotive force.
Figure shows the equivalent circuit of a cumulatively
compounded dc generator
DIFFERENTIALLY COMPOUNDED
DC GENERATOR
A differentially compounded dc generator is a generator with both
shunt and series fields, but this time their magneto motive forces
subtract from each other.

Equivalent circuit of a differentially compounded dc generator is


shown in Figure
Notice that the armature current is now flowing out of a dotted coil
end, while the shunt field current is flowing into a dotted coil end.

You might also like