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G7 Math Q2 - Week 9 - Solving Linear Equation

The document discusses solving linear equations in one variable through various methods like addition and multiplication properties of equations, solving fractional equations, and word problems involving linear equations. Examples are provided with step-by-step solutions for each concept and method discussed.

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Joy Valdez
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108 views15 pages

G7 Math Q2 - Week 9 - Solving Linear Equation

The document discusses solving linear equations in one variable through various methods like addition and multiplication properties of equations, solving fractional equations, and word problems involving linear equations. Examples are provided with step-by-step solutions for each concept and method discussed.

Uploaded by

Joy Valdez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOLVING LINEAR

EQUATIONS
IN
ONE VARIABLE
A linear equation in one variable is an equation which can be written
in the form:
ax + b = c

for a, b, and c real numbers with a  0.


Linear equations in one variable:
2x + 3 = 11
2(x  1) = 8 can be rewritten 2x + ( 2) = 8.
2 1
x  5  x  7 can be rewritten  x + 5 =  7.
3 3
Not linear equations in one variable:
2
2x + 3y = 11 (x  1) = 8
2 5 x7
3x
Two variables x is squared. Variable in the denominator
A solution of a linear equation in one variable is a real number
which,
3 when substituted for the variable in the equation, makes
the equation true.
Example: Is 3 a solution of 2x + 3 = 11?
2x + 3 = 11 Original equation
2(3) + 3 = 11 Substitute 3 for x.
6 + 3 = 11 False equation
3 is not a solution of 2x + 3 = 11.

Example: Is 4 a solution of 2x + 3 = 11?


2x + 3 = 11 Original equation
2(4) + 3 = 11 Substitute 4 for x.
8 + 3 = 11 True equation
4 is a solution of 2x + 3 = 11.
Addition Property of Equations
If a = b, then a + c = b + c and a  c = b  c.

That is, the same number can be added to or subtracted from


each side of an equation without changing the solution of the
equation.
Use these properties to solve linear equations.
Example: Solve x  5 = 12.
x  5 = 12 Original equation

x  5 + 5 = 12 + 5 The solution is preserved when 5 is


added to both sides of the equation.
x = 17 17 is the solution.

17  5 = 12 Check the answer.


Multiplication Property of Equations
a b
If a = b and c  0, then ac = bc and  .
c c
That is, an equation can be multiplied or divided by the same
nonzero real number without changing the solution of the
equation.
Example: Solve 2x + 7 = 19.
2x + 7 = 19 Original equation
The solution is preserved when 7 is
2x + 7  7 = 19  7 subtracted from both sides.
2x = 12 Simplify both sides.
1 1 The solution is preserved when each side
( 2 x )  (12) 1
2 2 is multiplied by .
2
x=6 6 is the solution.
2(6) + 7 = 12 + 7 = 19 Check the answer.
To solve a linear equation in one variable:
1. Simplify both sides of the equation.
2. Use the addition and subtraction properties to get all variable terms
on the left-hand side and all constant terms on the right-hand side.
3. Simplify both sides of the equation.
4. Divide both sides of the equation by the coefficient of the variable.

Example: Solve x + 1 = 3(x  5).


x + 1 = 3(x  5) Original equation
x + 1 = 3x  15 Simplify right-hand side.
x = 3x  16 Subtract 1 from both sides.
 2x =  16 Subtract 3x from both sides.
x=8 Divide both sides by 2.
The solution is 8.
Check the solution: (8) + 1 = 3((8)  5)  9 = 3(3) True
Example: Solve 3(x + 5) + 4 = 1 – 2(x + 6).
3(x + 5) + 4 = 1 – 2(x + 6) Original equation

3x + 15 + 4 = 1 – 2x – 12 Simplify.

3x + 19 = – 2x – 11 Simplify.

3x = – 2x – 30 Subtract 19.

5x = – 30 Add 2x.

x = 6 Divide by 5.
The solution is  6.
3(– 6 + 5) + 4 = 1 – 2(– 6 + 6) Check.

3(– 1) + 4 = 1 – 2(0)
3 + 4 = 1 True
Equations with fractions can be simplified by multiplying both
sides by a common denominator.
1 2 1
Example: Solve x   ( x  4). The lowest common denominator
2 3 3 of all fractions in the equation is 6.
1 2 1 
6  x    6  ( x  4 )  Multiply by 6.
2 3 3 
3x + 4 = 2x + 8 Simplify.
3x = 2x + 4 Subtract 4.
x=4 Subtract 2x.
1 2 1
(4)   ((4 )  4) Check.
2 3 3
2 1
2   (8)
3 3
8 8
 True
3 3
Alice has a coin purse containing $5.40 in dimes and quarters.
There are 24 coins all together. How many dimes are in the
coin purse?

Let the number of dimes in the coin purse = d.


Then the number of quarters = 24  d.
10d + 25(24  d) = 540 Linear equation

10d + 600  25d = 540 Simplify left-hand side.

10d  25d =  60 Subtract 600.

15d =  60 Simplify right-hand side.

d=4 Divide by 15.

There are 4 dimes in Alice’s coin purse.


The sum of three consecutive integers is 54. What
are the three integers?

Three consecutive integers can be represented as


n, n + 1, n + 2.
n + (n + 1) + (n + 2) = 54 Linear equation

3n + 3 = 54 Simplify left-hand side.

3n = 51 Subtract 3.

n = 17 Divide by 3.

The three consecutive integers are 17, 18, and 19.


17 + 18 + 19 = 54. Check.
NUMBER PROBLEM
 
• Find five consecutive odd integers whose sum is 55.
• Solution Let x 1st odd integer
=x + 2 = 2nd odd integer x + 4 = 3rd odd integer x + 6 = 4th odd integer x + 8
= 5th odd integer
=x + (x + 2) + (x + 4) + (x + 6) + (x + 8) = 55
• 5x + 20 = 55
• 5x + 20 + (– 20) = 55 + (–20) = 5x = 35
5 5
X= 7
• x + 2 = 7 + 2 = 9 2nd odd integer
• x + 4 = 7 + 4 = 11 3rd odd integer
• x + 6 = 7 + 6 = 13 4th odd integer
• x + 8 = 7 + 8 = 15 5th odd integer
AGE PROBLEM
• Margie is 3 times older than Lilet. In 15 years, the sum of their ages is
38 years. Find their present ages.
• Representation:
  Age Now In 15 years
• Lilet x x +15
• Margie  3x 3x+15
• Equation: (x + 15) + (3x + 15) = 38
Solution: 4x + 30 = 38
4x = 38 – 30
4x = 8
x = 2 Answer Lilet Age:2
• Margie’s Age: 2(6)= 12
SOLVE:
1. The sum of five consecutive integers is 0. Find the integers
2. The sum of four consecutive even integers is 2 more than
five times the first integer. Find the smallest integer.
3. Find the largest of three consecutive even integers when six
times the first integer is equal to five times the middle integer.
4. Find three consecutive even integers such that three times
the firstequals the sum of the other two.
5. Five times an odd integer plus three times the next odd
integer equals 62. Find the first odd integer
Al's father is 45. He is 15 years older than twice Al's age.
6.
How old is Al?
7. Karen is twice as old as Lori. Three years from now, the
sum of their ages will be 42. How old is Karen?
8. John is 6 years older than his brother. He will be twice as
old as his brother in 4 years. How old is John now?
9. Carol is five times as old as her brother. She will be three
times as oldas her brother in two years. How old is Carol now?
10. Jeff is 10 years old and his brother is 2 years old. In how
many years will Jeff be twice as old as his brother?
 
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