Orientation & Identity

in Community
Architecture
B AYA N I , F A M E L A J O Y

L A R A N A N G , J O W E L A N D RY E

DELA CRUZ, MARINELLE

GALANG, ANGELIKA MARIE

INTRODUCTION
The ‘Community Architecture’ is kind of
architectural practice between architects and
users. Also, it can be described as architect
follow the wish of users or community to
design the building fit the requirement by
using local materials and helps the residents
to build the structure.
Examples of community buildings: village
and town halls, churches, cathedrals and
mosques
WHAT DOES AN ARCHITECT DO FOR
COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE?
Architects create designs for new
construction projects, alterations and
redevelopments. They use their
specialist construction knowledge and
high-level drawing skills to design
buildings that are functional, safe,
sustainable and aesthetically pleasing.
Much more than designing buildings
or whole communities, architects
have a greater task. They’re uniquely
positioned to improve life on
numerous levels for professional
clients, cities and private individuals.
WHAT DOES AN ARCHITECT DO FOR
COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE?
Just because there are plenty of examples of when
architecture doesn’t magically make the world a better
place, it doesn’t mean that it does not and cannot
influence people. US author Charles Montgomery
points this out in his book Happy City: Transforming
Our Lives Through Urban Design. Environments are
able to predictably affect moods, it just takes a little
more precision than previously thought.
The resurgence of belief that architecture can change
behaviour has been well documented by journals such
as World Health Design, Environment Behavior and
HERD. And while the majority of the focus has been
on hospitals and healthcare facilities, where the impact
of architecture can have real life or death
consequences, the impact of building designs are still
seen elsewhere.
Boring buildings and large grey landscapes have been
found to cause higher levels of stress. Without variety
and stimulation, the human mind gets confused and is
reminded just how far out of its natural habitat it is.
 Orienting Exercises for
Development Planning and
Action in Community Planning
 Access to Resource  Surveys
 Analysis of tasks  Tree Diagram
 Focus group meetings  Needs assessment
 Force field analysis
 Preference ranking
 Logical Framework or
Log Frame  Participant observation
 Socio - Cultural Profile  Pocket charts
 Village Meeting
 Seasonal diagrams or
 Identifying Sense of calendars
Time and Place
Access to Resource
A series of participatory exercises that allows development
practitioners to collect information and raises awareness among
beneficiaries about the ways in which access to resources varies
according to gender and other important social variables. This user-
friendly tool draws on the everyday experience of participants and
is useful to men, women, trainers, project staff, and field-workers.
Analysis of tasks
A gender analysis tool that raises community awareness about
the distribution of domestic, market, and community activities
according to gender and familiarizes planners with the degree of
role flexibility that is associated with different tasks. Such
information and awareness is necessary to prepare and execute
development interventions that will benefit both men and women.
Focus group meetings
Relatively low-cost, semi structured, small group (four to twelve
participants plus a facilitator) consultations used to explore peoples'
attitudes, feelings, or preferences, and to build consensus. Focus
group work is a compromise between participant observation, which
is less controlled, lengthier, and more in-depth, and preset
interviews, which are not likely to attend to participants' own
concerns.
Force field analysis
A tool similar to one called "Story With a Gap," which engages
people to define and classify goals and to make sustainable plans
by working on thorough "before and after" scenarios. Participants
review the causes of problematic situations, consider the factors
that influence the situation, think about solutions, and create
alternative plans to achieve solutions. The tools are based on
diagrams or pictures, which minimize language and literacy
differences and encourage creative thinking.
Logical Framework or Log Frame
A matrix that illustrates a summary of project design, emphasizing the
results that are expected when a project is successfully completed. These
results or outputs are presented in terms of objectively verifiable indicators.
These results or outputs are presented in terms of objectively verifiable
indicators. The Logical Framework approach to project planning,
developed under that name by the U.S. Agency for International
Development, has been adapted for use in participatory methods such as
ZOPP (in which the tool is called a project planning matrix) and Team UP.
 
Needs
Assessment
A tool that draws out information about
peoples varied needs, raises participants
awareness of related issues and provides
framework for prioritizing needs. This sort
of tool is an integral part of gender analysis
to develop an understanding of the particular
needs of both men and women and to do
comparative analysis.
Preference
Ranking
Also called direct matrix ranking, an
exercise in which people identify what
they do and do not value about a class
of objects. Ranking allows participants
to understand the reasons for local
preferences and to see how values differ
among local groups.
 Participant
Observation
A fieldwork technique used by
anthropologists and sociologists to collect
qualitative and quantitative dathat leads to
an in-depth understanding of peoples'
practices, motivations, and attitudes.
Participant observation entails investigating
the project background, studying the general
characteristics of a beneficiary population.
Pocket Charts
Investigative tools that use pictures as
stimuli to encourage people to asses
and analyze a given situation. Through
a "voting' process, participants use the
chart to draw attention to the complex
elements of a development issue in an
uncomplicated way. 
Seasonal diagrams
or Seasonal
Calendars
Show the major changes that affect
a household, community or region
within a year such as those
associated with climate, crops, labor,
availability and demand, livestock,
prices and so on.
Socio - Cultural
Profile
Detailed descriptions of the social and cultural dimensions that
in combination with technical, economic, and environmental
dimensions serve as a basis for design and preparation of
policy and project work. Profiles include data about the type of
communities, demographic characteristics, economy and
livelihood, land tenure and natural resource control, social
organization, factors affecting access to power and resources,
conflict resolution mechanisms, and values and perceptions.
Village Meeting
Meetings with many users in participatory
development, including information sharing
and group consultation, consensus building,
prioritization and sequencing of interventions,
and collaborative monitoring and evaluation.
Identifying Sense
of Time and Place
A growing number of planners and architects are seeking
to design communities that have a stronger "sense of
place. Their ideas focus on promoting: a more compact
pattern of development; mixed use (where residential
areas are not isolated from places of employment and
commerce); a strong pedestrian orientation; active civic
and community life; closer links between public transit
and land use; and higher housing densities.
Surveys
A sequence of focused, predetermined
questions in a fixed order, often with
predetermined, limited options for responses.
Tree Diagram
Multipurpose, visual tools for narrowing and
prioritizing problems, objectives, or decisions.
Information is organized into a treelike
diagram that includes information on the main
issue, relevant factors, and influences and
outcomes of these factors.
 IDENTITY IN COMMUNITY
ARCHITECTURE
Types of Architectural Forms in Planning
• Centralized Form- the availability of
a single or a few entities that have
control over the entire network
• Radial Form- it's visual material
arranged around a central point, taking
a roughly circular form
• Clustered Form- are generally
equivalent in size shape and function
• Grid Form- a foundation for the layout
of graphic materials on any given
medium
 Types of Architectural Forms in Planning
Sample buildings

CENTRALIZED FORM CENTRALIZED FORM RADIAL FORM

Basilica di Santa Maria St. Lawrence Hospital in Inspiria Science Center in
della Salute -Church in Bodmin England Norway
Venice, Italy
RADIAL FORM CLUSTERED FORM
Nakagin Capsule Izola Social Housing
Tower by Ofis
 Types of Architectural Forms in Planning
Sample buildings

CLUSTERED FORM GRID FORM GRID FORM

First Indoor Movie Fuji TV Building, Tokyo Housing in Onmae by
Theme Park in Wuhan VIDZ Architects

GRID FORM
Atelier Villemard in Paros,
France
IDENTITY IN COMMUNITY
ARCHITECTURE
Building Organization
• Linear Organization- repetitive spaces
which are alike in size, form, and
function
• Centralized Organization- stable,
concentrated composition
• Clustered Organization- the principal
work units are permanent and
temporary teams of individuals with
complementary skills
• Radial Organization- combines
elements of both centralized and
linear organizations
• Grid Organization- skeletal structural
system of columns and beams.
 Building Organization
Sample buildings

LINEAR ORGANIZATION CENTRALIZED ORGANIZATION

Biosciences Research Melbourne Cricket Ground, Australi
Building
CLUSTERED RADIAL
ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION
Buildings in the wild Palmanova Star
- Laurent Rouquette Fort in
Palmanova, Italy
 Building Organization
Sample buildings

GRID ORGANIZATION GRID ORGANIZATION

Vantage Point, Archway, Washington Ave N, Minneapolis
London, UK
 IDENTITY IN COMMUNITY
ARCHITECTURE
Visual Properties of Form
• Shape- look from building to building
• Size- an item's size in relationship to
something else
• Color- plays a significant role in the
perception of a space in the human mind
• Texture- can make or break a structure or
building when it comes to design
• Position- to the shape or configuration of a
building
• Orientation- the positioning of a building
with respect to the sun
• Visual Inertia- the art of designing spaces
and constructing buildings in accordance
with building rules and aesthetic concepts.
 Visual Properties of Form

SHAPE SIZE

COLOR TEXTURE
 Visual Properties of Form

POSITION ORIENTATION

VISUAL INERTIA
Questions:
1. A tool that draws out information about peoples varied needs, raises participants awareness of related issues and
provides framework for prioritizing needs.
a. Preference Ranking c. Needs Assessment
b. Participatory Observation d. Village Meeting
2. Investigative tools that use pictures as stimuli to encourage people to asses and analyze a given situation.
a. Force Field Analysis c. Pocket Chart
b. Direct Matrix Ranking d. Seasonal Diagrams or Seasonal Calendars
3. A gender analysis tool that raises community awareness about the distribution of domestic, market, and community
activities according to gender and familiarizes planners with the degree of role flexibility that is associated with
different tasks.
a. Surveys c. Analysis of tasks
b. Logical Framework d. Village Meeting
4. A matrix that illustrates a summary of project design, emphasizing the results that are expected when a project is
successfully completed.
a. Force Field Analysis c. Logical Framework or Log Frame
b. Tree Diagram d. Socio Cultural Profile
5. Detailed descriptions of the social and cultural dimensions that in combination with technical, economic, and
environmental dimensions serve as a basis for design and preparation of policy and project work.
a. Happy City c. Socio Cultural Profile
b. Collecting Data d. All of the above
6. A growing number of planners and architects are seeking to design communities that have a stronger
"sense of place.
a. Tree Diagram c. Identifying sense of time and place
b. Focus Group Meetings d. None of the above
7. The availability of a single or a few entities that have control over the entire network.
a. Radial Form c. Centralized Form
b. Clustered Form d. Grid Form
8. This are generally equivalent in size shape and function.
a. Centralized Form c. Clustered Form
b. Radial Form d. Grid Form
9. A repetitive spaces which are alike in size, form, and function
a. Centralized Organization c. Linear Organization
b. Radial Organization d. Grid Organization
10. The art of designing spaces and constructing buildings in accordance with building rules and aesthetic
concepts.
a. Color c. Visual Inertia
b. Texture d. Position
LINK REFERENCES
https://architecturecompetitions.com/the-role-of-architecture-in-shaping-communities
https://pdfcookie.com/documents/orientation-and-identity-in-community-architecturepptx-429jzpm
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