Advanced Java

Chapter 3
Event Handling & Event Delegation Model
Thought of a Day

2
 Delegation Event Model
 Event: Action Preformed or state is changed.eg key is
pressed, mouse is clicked, Checkbox is selected
 Package: java.awt.event
 Model requires 1.Event, 2. EventSource,
3.EventListener
 Steps:
 Select the Event
 Implement appropriate Listener
 Register the event with concern source
 Select the method of listener class and write code fr event

3
Delegation Event Model-figure
Event Listener

output object
Prepared By Dr. S. H. Kulkarni 4
 Events –Source, Class, Listener
Sr. No. Source of Event Event class Event Listener Methods

Keyboard FocusEvent  FocusListener  void

1 gains or loses focusGained(FocusEvent fe)
focus void focusLost(FocusEvent
fe)
2. Input is KeyEvent  KeyListener void keyPressed(KeyEvent e)
received from void keyReleased(KeyEvent
Keyboard e)
void keyTyped(KeyEvent e)

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 Events –Source, Class, Listener
Sr. No. Source of Event Event class Event Listener Methods

3 Button, List, Menu ActionEvent ActionListener Void actionPerformed(

ActionEvent ae)
4. Scrollbar AdjustmentEvent AdjustmentListener Void adjustmentValueChanged(
AdjustmentEvent ae)

5. TextField,TextAre TextEvent TextListener Void textChanged(TextEvent te)

a

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 Events –Source, Class, Listener
Sr. No. Source of Event Event class Event Listener Methods

5. Checkbox,Choi ItemEvent ItemListener Void

ce,Menu itemStateChanged(ItemEvent
selection ie)
6. Mouse MouseEvent MouseListener 1.void mouseClicked(MouseEvent
me)
2.void mouseEntered(MouseEvent
me)
3.void mouseExited(MouseEvent
me)
4.Void mousePressed(MouseEvent
me)
5.void mouseReleased(MouseEvent
me)
  MouseMotionListener 1.void mouseDragged(MouseEvent
me)
2.void mouseMoved(MouseEvent
me) 7
 Events –Source, Class, Listener
Sr. Source Event class Event Listener Methods
No. of Event

7. Window
WindowEvent WindowListener 1. void windowActivated(WindowEvent 
e);  
2. void windowClosed(WindowEvent e);
  
3. void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
;  
4. void windowDeactivated(WindowEve
nt e);  
5. void windowDeiconified(WindowEve
nt e);  
6.void windowIconified(WindowEvent e
);  
7. void windowOpened(WindowEvent e)
;  

8
 Button as a source of event
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
class AEvent extends Frame implements ActionListener{
TextField tf;
AEvent(){

//create components
tf=new TextField();
tf.setBounds(60,50,170,20);
Button b=new Button("click me");
b.setBounds(100,120,80,30);

//register listener
b.addActionListener(this);//passing current instance

//add components and set size, layout and visibility

add(b);add(tf);
setSize(300,300);
setLayout(null);
setVisible(true);
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
tf.setText("Welcome");
}
public static void main(String args[]){
new AEvent();
}

}
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Output

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Thought of a Day

11
Button as a Source of Event

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public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae)
{
if(ae.getSource()==b)
{
int n1=Integer.parseInt(t1.getText());
int n2=Integer.parseInt(t2.getText());
int sum=n1+n2;
t3.setText(Integer.toString(sum));
}
}

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Thought of a Day

14
Checkbox as a source of Event

15
 Algorithm

1. Source-Checkbox
2. Event Class-?
3. Event Listener-?
4. Create a public class & implement Event Listener
5. Design GUI using applet
6. Register an Event
7. Call methods of Listener class

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Thought of a Day

17
 Algorithm

1. Source-Mouse
2. Event Class-?
3. Event Listener-?
4. Create a public class & implement Event Listener
5. Register an Event
6. Call methods of Listener class

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 Mouse as a source of Event

import java.applet.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.*;
/*<applet code="MouseListenerDemo.class" height=300 width=200>
</applet>*/
public class MouseListenerDemo extends Applet implements
MouseListener, MouseMotionListener
//implements the listeners
{
String msg="";
int mousex=0,mousey=0;
public void init()
{
addMouseListener(this); //register the event
addMouseMotionListener(this);
}
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// Calling listener methods
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e)
{
mousex=0;
mousey=10;
msg="Mouse Clicked";
repaint();
}
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e)
{
mousex=0;
mousey=10;
msg="Mouse Entered";
repaint();
}

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public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e)
{
mousex=0;
mousey=10;
msg="Mouse Exited";
repaint();
}
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e)
{
mousex=e.getX();
mousey=e.getY();
msg="Mouse Down";
repaint();
}
21
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e)
{
mousex=e.getX();
mousey=e.getY();
msg="Mouse up";
showStatus("Dragging Mouse at" +mousex+","+mousey);
repaint();
}
public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e)
{
mousex=e.getX();
mousey=e.getY();
msg="*";
showStatus("Dragging Mouse at" +mousex+","+mousey);
repaint();
}

22
public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e)
{
showStatus("Moving Mouse at"
+mousex+","+mousey);
repaint();
}
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
g.drawString(msg,mousex,mousey);
}
}

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Output of a Program

24
25
 KeyEvent Class

A KeyEvent is generated when keyboard input occurs.

• There are three types of key events, which are identified by
these integer constants:
KEY_PRESSED,
KEY_RELEASED, and
KEY_TYPED.
• The first two events are generated when any key is pressed
or released.
• The last event occurs only when a character is generated.
Remember, not all key presses result in characters.
For example, pressing the SHIFT key does not generate a
character.

26
 Key Event Constants

• There are many other integer constants that are defined by

KeyEvent.
For example,VK_0 through VK_9 and VK_A through VK_Z
define the ASCII equivalents of the numbers and letters. Here are
some others:

VK_ENTER VK_ESCAPE VK_CANCELVK_UP

VK_DOWN VK_LEFT VK_RIGHT VK_PAGE_DOWN
VK_PAGE_UP VK_SHIFT VK_ALT VK_CONTROL
Virtual key code
• The VK constants specify virtual key codes and are
independent of any modifiers, such as control, shift, or alt.
27
 Constructor of KeyEvent

KeyEvent is a subclass of InputEvent. Here are two of its

constructors:
KeyEvent(Component src, int type, long when, int modifiers, int
code)
KeyEvent(Component src, int type, long when, int modifiers, int
code, char ch)
Here, src is a reference to the component that generated
the event.
The type of the event is specified by type. The system time at which
the key was pressed is passed in when. The modifiers argument
indicates which modifiers were pressed when this key event occurred.
The virtual key code, such as VK_UP, VK_A, and so forth, is passed
28
 Methods of KeyEvent class

 The KeyEvent class defines several methods, but the

most commonly used ones are
1) getKeyChar( ), which returns the character that was
entered.
syntax:
char getKeyChar( )
If no valid character is available, then getKeyChar( )
returns CHAR_UNDEFINED.
2) getKeyCode( ), which returns the key code
Syntax:.
int getKeyCode( )
29
 The KeyListener Interface

 This interface defines three methods.

 The keyPressed( ) and keyReleased( ) methods are invoked when a
key is pressed and released, respectively.
 The keyTyped( ) method is invoked when a character has been
entered.
For example, if a user presses and releases the A key, three events are
generated in sequence: key pressed, typed, and released. If a user
presses and releases the HOMEkey, two key events are generated in
sequence: key pressed and released.
 The general forms of these methods are shown here:
void keyPressed(KeyEvent ke)
void keyReleased(KeyEvent ke)
void keyTyped(KeyEvent ke)
30
 Stepwise Procedure :

 Import all required packages

 Implements KeyListener interface.
 Use various methods of key event
class.
 Assign the event control.
 Execute the program and see the
various key activity in applet window.
31
 Program
java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.applet.*;
import javax.swing.*;
/*
<applet code="SimpleKey1" width=300 height=100>
</applet>
*/
public class SimpleKey1 extends JApplet
implements KeyListener {
String msg = "";
int X = 10, Y = 20; // output coordinates
public void init() {
addKeyListener(this);
requestFocus(); // request input focus
}
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent ke) {
showStatus("Key Down");
}
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent ke) {
showStatus("Key Up");
}
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent ke) {
msg += ke.getKeyChar();
repaint();
}
// Display keystrokes.
public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.drawString(msg, X, Y);
}
} 32
 Window as a source of event

1.public abstract void windowActivated(WindowEvent e);  
2.public abstract void windowClosed(WindowEvent e);  
3.public abstract void windowClosing(WindowEvent e);  

4.public abstract void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e);  

5.public abstract void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e);  
6.public abstract void windowIconified(WindowEvent e);  

7.public abstract void windowOpened(WindowEvent e);  

33
import java.awt.*;  
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;  
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;  
public class WindowExample extends Frame implements Windo
wListener{  
    WindowExample(){  
        addWindowListener(this);  
          
        setSize(400,400);  
        setLayout(null);  
        setVisible(true);  
    }  
      
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public static void main(String[] args) {  
    new WindowExample();  
}  
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent arg0) {
  
    System.out.println("activated");  
}  
public void windowClosed(WindowEvent arg0) {  
    System.out.println("closed");  
}  

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What is next?

36
 JPasswordField

- allows editing of a single line of text

- does not show the actual characters.* is displayed
- JPasswordField inherits the JTextField class of javax.swing
package.
Constructors of the class are :
1. JPasswordField(): Default constructor that creates a new PasswordField
2. JPasswordField(int columns) : constructor that creates a new empty
PasswordField with specified number of columns.
3. JPasswordField(String Password) : constructor that creates a new
empty Password field initialized with the given string.
4. JPasswordField(String Password, int columns) : constructor that
creates a new empty PasswordField with the given string and a specified
number of columns .
5. JPasswordField(Document doc, String Password, int columns) 

37
 Commonly used method of JPasswordField

1.char getEchoChar() : returns the character used for

echoing in JPasswordField.
2.setEchoChar(char c) : set the echo character for

JPasswordField.
3.String getPassword() : returns the text contained in

JPasswordField.
4.String getText() : returns the text contained in
JPasswordField.

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 Program to create Login Page

Algorithm
1.Source of event
2.Event class
3.Event Listener
4.Create public class & implement Listener
5.Design GUI
6.Register the event
7.Call listener method
8.Read values of text field & display it

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Thought of a Day

40
 Java Adapter Classes
Drawback of Delegation Event Model
-Writing of every method of Listener is compulsory
-Example- MouseListener has 5 methods mouseClicked(),
mousePressed(),
mouseEntered(),mouseReleased(),mouseExited()
-We may need only one method then also we have to
write all other 4 methods
-Java adapter classes provide the default implementation
of listener interfaces.
-If you inherit the adapter class, you will not be forced to
provide the implementation of all the methods of listener
interfaces.
-So it saves code.
-The adapter classes are found in java.awt.event
41
 Adapter classes
Adapter class Listener interface

WindowAdapter WindowListener

KeyAdapter KeyListener

MouseAdapter MouseListener

MouseMotionAdapter MouseMotionListener

FocusAdapter FocusListener

ComponentAdapter ComponentListener

ContainerAdapter ContainerListener

42
 Mouse as a source with Adapter Classes
Algorithm:
1.Select the source of event

2.Find event Adapter class , Listener and its method

3.Create Frame & extend from Adapter class

4.Design GUI if needed

5.Register the event using addXXX()

6.Write code inside selected method as per problem

statement
7.Use main() to execute the Frame

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 Mouse as a source with Adapter Classes
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
public class MouseAdapterExample extends MouseAdapter{
JFrame f;
MouseAdapterExample(){
f=new JFrame("Mouse Adapter");
f.addMouseListener(this);
f.setSize(300,300);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setVisible(true);
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); }
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
Graphics g=f.getGraphics();
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.fillOval(e.getX(),e.getY(),30,30);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MouseAdapterExample(); } }

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Output

45
 Key as a source with Adapter Classes
Algorithm:
1.Select the source of event

2.Find event Adapter class , Listener and its method

3.Create Frame & Implement the Listener

4.Design GUI if needed

5.Register the event using addXXX()

6.Write code inside selected method as per problem

statement
7.Use main() to execute the Frame

46
 Key as a source of event using Adapter class
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*;
public class KeyAdapterExample extends KeyAdapter{
JLabel l;
JTextArea area;
JFrame f;
KeyAdapterExample(){
f=new JFrame("Key Adapter");
l=new JLabel();
l.setBounds(20,50,200,20);
area=new JTextArea();
area.setBounds(20,80,300, 300);
area.addKeyListener(this);
f.add(l);f.add(area);
f.setSize(400,400);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setVisible(true); f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
String text=area.getText();
String words[]=text.split("\\s");
l.setText("Words: "+words.length+" Characters:"+text.length());
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new KeyAdapterExample(); } }

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Thought of a Day
 Java inner class

Inner class is a class which is declared inside the

class or interface.

We use inner classes to logically group classes and

interfaces in one place so that it can be more
readable and maintainable.

Additionally, it can access all the members of outer

class including private data members and methods.
Syntax
class Java_Outer_class
{  
 //code  
 class Java_Inner_class{  
  //code  
 }  
}  
 49
 Types of Inner classes
1.Member inner class
2.Anonymous inner class

3.Local inner class

Type Description

Member Inner Class A class created within class and

outside method.

Anonymous Inner Class A class created for

implementing interface or
extending class. Its name is
decided by the java compiler.

Local Inner Class A class created within method.

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 Java Member inner class

A non-static class that is created inside a class but outside a method is

called member inner class.

Syntax:
class Outer{
//code
class Inner{
//code
}
}

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 Example of Member Inner class

class TestMemberOuter1{ //outer class

private int data=30;
class Inner{ //inner class
void msg(){System.out.println("data is "+data);}
}
public static void main(String args[]){
TestMemberOuter1 obj=new TestMemberOuter1(); //obj outer
TestMemberOuter1.Inner in=obj.new Inner(); //obj inner
in.msg();
}
}
Output=30

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 Anonymous Inner class
• A class that have no name is known as
anonymous inner class in java.

• It should be used if you have to override

method of class or interface.

53
 Anonyms Inner Classes
import java.applet.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
/*
<applet code="InnerClassDemo" width=200 height=100>
</applet>
*/
public class InnerClassDemo extends Applet {
public void init() {
addMouseListener(new MyMouseAdapter());//Anonyms Inner class
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent me)
{
showStatus("Mouse Pressed");
}
}
54
 Java Local inner class

•A class i.e. created inside a method

is called local inner class in java.
•If you want to invoke the methods
of local inner class, you must declare
this class inside the method.

55
 Java local inner class example

public class localInner1{  
 private int data=30;//instance variable  
 void display()
{  
  class Local{ //class declared inside method
   void msg(){System.out.println(data);}  
  }  
  Local l=new Local();  
  l.msg();  
 }  
 public static void main(String args[]){  
  localInner1 obj=new localInner1();  
  obj.display();  
 }  }  
Output=30 56
57
Thought of a day
Thought of a Day

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